2. IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute is an independent, non-profit research institute,
owned by a foundation jointly established by the Swedish Government and Swedish industry.
IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute was established in 1966 and has since then been
involved in the development of solutions to environmental problems, at national and
international level.
We work with applied research and contract assignments for an ecologically, economically, and
socially sustainable growth within business and society at large. The institute employs around 200
experts, which makes IVL a leading institute for applied environmental research and consultancy
services.

3. Collaborations
We are members of a number of national and international networks.
We also have close collaboration with universities. Through these connections, we have access to
unique knowledge and highly qualified partners.
 Hammarby Sjöstadsverk
 CPM - Swedish Life Cycle Center
 Mistra Urban Future
 Sweden Green Building Council
 Stockholm Cleantech
 SMED - Svenska MiljöemissionsData
 NTM - Nätverket för transport och miljö
 ENERO - European Network of Environ. Res. Org.
 NORMAN

4. Organisation
IVL is divided into six administrative units:
 Research
 Business Development & Marketing
 Organizations, Products & Processes
 Natural Resources & Environmental Effects
 Air Pollution & Abatement Strategies
 Climate & Sustainable Cities
The units are collaborating in the theme areas:
 Sustainable production
 Sustainable building
 Resource-efficient products and waste
 Water
 Climate and energy
 Air and transport

5. More information
IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute
www.ivl.se
Stockholm: +46 (0) 8 598 563 00
Göteborg: Tel. +46 (0) 31 725 62 00
Christian Baresel
christian.baresel@ivl.se
Tel:+46-8-598 56 406

7. Eutrophication has many effects
 algae blooming
 phosphorous-depending cyanobacteria
 dead bottoms and hydrogen sulphide
(1)
Nitrogen is
emitted to waters
(2)
Spring blooming
of plankton
(3)
Algae die
(4)
Algae are de-
composed which
consumes oxygen
(5)
Bottoms get
anoxic
(6)
Phosphorous
is released
(7)
Summer blooming of
cyanobacteria

8. Extent of oxygen-depleted bottom water
In the Baltic Sea Worldwide

9. Need for action?
 Doesn’t the Baltic take care of itself?
 How affects and is the Baltic affected by climate change?
 Can technical solutions help in a long term?
Why do we think we need actions also in the Baltic and not only at sources?
 There sure is a good monitoring of sources and these sources can be abated?
 The Baltic in imbalance? Weakening of natural processes? Restore the Baltic Sea self-
cleaning biogeochemical processes?

10. WEBAP: Aim
Improved oxygen situation in deep water layers
 Species that are dependent on conditions in deep water, would get a better
environment and opportunities for reproduction.
 Solved inorganic phosphorus released due to the reducing conditions in the bottom
sediments will be bound in complexes and thus reduce the inorganic nutrient
concentrations in the water.
Yet:
 2-6 million tons of oxygen needed each year!
 Enormous amounts of energy to pump oxygen down to 80-120m depth!

11. WEBAP: How?
The use of natural resources:
 Source of energy: waves
 Source of oxygen: oxygen-rich surface water
Advantages:
 Oxygenation & mixing
 Simple and robust design with no moving parts
 No need for electricity

12. WEBAP: Planning and design
18 tests with different wave conditions
 mooring forces
 Pump capacity for each wave spectra
 Stability
 Optimal ramp (30˚isoptimal)
 other details

13. WEBAP: Pilot I
Facts
 14 m with, variable ramp
 faces waves at all conditions
 outlet at 75m depth
Measurements
 Pump-capacity, wave parameter, currents,
CTD-profiles, sediment, forces, stability, behaviour, etc.
Operation period
 November 2010 to April 2013 (with interrupted operation
between December 2010 to July 2011)

14. WEBAP: Pilot II
Facts
 2,5 m in diameter, variable pump-capacity between 1-4m3/s
 maximal effect use 5 kW
 outlet at 100m depth
Measurements
 Pump capacity, CTD-profiles, sediments,
metals, nutrients, currents etc.
Operation period
 April 2011 to September 2012

15. WEBAP: Monitoring
 Online monitoring
 Field expeditions
 Water and sediment samples
 Historical data

16. WEBAP: Evaluation
 Data evaluation
 Modeling regional large scale
impacts
 Laboratory tests
Ecotoxicology
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
O2 start O2 end
Macoma
Marenzelleria
Mysis

17. Results (so far)?
 Measurements and mapping of the lack of oxygen in the
area indicate that the lack of oxygen in the pilot areas is
more widely spread than previously estimated
 Measurements confirm the estimated
pumping capacity at different wave heights
 Large scale implementation modeling
establishing that the technique does not
affect the salinity stratification
 Modeling for the Gotland Deep based on
field data show oxygenation of the whole
area down to the seafloor after only five years

18. Results (so far)?
 Tests with sediment and organisms from the pilot
sites show no adverse effects of oxygenation
 Potential to bind up to 100 000 tones of phosphorus,
which can be compared with the annual land supply
of around 30 000 tones /yr and the environmental
objective to reduce this load by 15 000 tones /yr
 Several setups for different conditions (waves, etc.)
 Modeling of pumping in Kanholmsfjärden based on
field data shows effect of oxygenation not only in
Kanholmsfjärden but also in adjacent bays due to the
high water exchange

19. Results (so far)?
 Lifecycle Assessment (LCA) and Lifecycle Cost (LCC)
analyses indicates that the WEBAP is the most sustainable
and cost-efficient alternative

20. Dissemination an awareness increase
Newspaper, conferences, TV, notice
boards, homepage, Facebook, reports, exhibition, flyer, seminars, radio, etc.

22. Project partner & collaboration partner
Project group
 IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute
 KTH – Royal Institute of Technology
 Municipality of Simrishamn
Collaboration partner (selection)
Åbo Akademi University, KIMO - Local Authorities International Environmental
Organization, Institute of Oceanology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Erken
Laboratory, Österlen Trade Society, Marint centrum, Österlens Fishing Association, Xylem
Inc, Reinertsen, BWN consulting, Marincenter Syd, Konceptfabriken, MJK, Högmansö
varv, Ressel, etc
Collaboration with other projects
BOX, PROPPEN, SEABED, Innovative Aquaculture Åland Islands

23. Future: solution combination?
 Aquaculture?
 Research station?
 Tourism/Recreation
 Energy platform?
 Entrance to the Baltic?

24. More information
Homepage: www.webap.ivl.se
Contact:
Christian Baresel
christian.baresel@ivl.se
Tel:+46-8-598 56 406
e-post: info@sjostadsverket.se
facebook.com/Wave-Energized-Baltic-
Aeration-Pump-Webap

25. Wastewater treatment intelligence
The need for R&D facilities
to master the future

26. Background
 > 2 billion people have water shortage
 Diseases due to bad water quality
 Millions lack proper waste-water treatment
 Deterioration of quantity and quality of natural water systems
 Agriculture uses 2/3 of the water that is consumed
 Increasing water demand for industrial growth
 New regulations (e.g. EU)
 Use of chemicals in water treatment  <1% recycling
 Request of use of renewable energy sources
 Sustainable growth and development
 Clear link to wastewater treatment

27. What we have: A treatment facility
Problems/Challenges
 The water sector is a major energy
user
 GHG emissions
 Treated water is not used
 Outflows may contain pollutants,
viruses, pathogens etc.
 Sludge seen as a problem
Wastewater in
Energy in Sludge out
Treated
Water out
GHG out

28. What we want: A production facility







Wastewater in
Nutrients out
Water reuse
Energy out

29. Which technologies/approaches?
 Resources efficient treatment technologies
Soft sensors | Anaerobic treatment | Anammox | Side stream treatment
| Advanced membrane technologies | Process control and modelling | …
 Technologies for recovery and reuse
Nutrient recovery from ashes | Nutrients in sludge/sorbent | Water
reuse/ Irrigation (nutrient rich effluent) | Industrial water | Potable
water | Augmentation of potable water | Removal of pharmaceuticals,
pathogens, viruses etc. | Online water quality monitoring | …
 Energy production & carbon neutral/negative processes
Flow separation | Increased sludge production | Enhanced Sludge
digestion (also co-digestion) | Sewage digestion | Gasification/burning |
Microbiological fuel cell | Algae treatment | …

30. What other ingredients are needed?
 Stakeholder involvement (companies, authorities, research organisations,
associations, sewage plants, etc.)
 Basic and applied R&D partners
 Innovation Platform
 Demonstrators
 Approach and Knowledge Transfer Networks
 Improving skills base/Education
 Public dialogue/involvement
 International co-operation and collaboration
 Optimal if you could find all these at the same location!

31. Where can this be achieved?
Hammarby Sjöstadsverk: A unique research and
demonstration plant for wastewater treatment
 Applied (and basic) research
 Test and demonstration of new solutions
 Education
 Owned by KTH and IVL

32. Mätstation Galler Sandfång ev Utjämning Försedimentering Utvecklingslinjer
Henriksdal
Slambehandling
PumpstationLedningsnät
Sludgetreatment
Pumping station
Monitoring
station
Pretreatment Anaerobic / Aerobic lines







A unique R&D facility

33. A platform for wastewater intelligence






PRODUCTDEVELOPEMENT
COLLABORATION EDUCATION EXHIBITIONS
KNOWLEDGETRANSFER
DEMONSTRATION RESEARCH TESTS
Hammarby Sjöstadsverk
Test- and demonstration facility for innovative wastewater
purification
Resource-effective
water purification
Energy and
climate
Complementary
treatment
Sewage
systems

34. On-going projects
 Removal of pharmaceuticals from the wastewater
 Enhanced biogas production
 Anammox: cost-effective and environmentally friendly nitrogen reduction technology
 Minimizing the release of GHG by wastewater treatment
 The use of waste heat for stable temperatures during the biological treatment
 Bio-assimilation of nutrient in the biological step
 Membrane distillation for ultra pure water
 Complementary active sludge – membrane technology
 Water reuse for non-potable and augmentation of potable water
 Online water quality monitoring
 …

35. Collaboration partner and sponsors

36. More information
Homepage:
www.hammarbysjostadsverk.se
Contact:
Christian Baresel
christian.baresel@ivl.se
Tel:+46-8-598 56 406
e-post: info@sjostadsverket.se
facebook.com/sjostadsverket