This document outlines Sir Edward Deming's 14 points on quality and describes the PDCA (Plan-Do-Check-Act) cycle for continuous improvement. The 14 points focus on constancy of purpose, eliminating fear in the workplace, and top management commitment to quality. The PDCA cycle is then explained as a four step approach to problem solving: plan potential solutions, implement changes, evaluate results, and fully implement or rework solutions. Various tools are listed for each step of the PDCA process.

1. SIR EDWARD DEMING’S
WORK ON QUALITY

3. THE 14 POINTS ON QUALITY
1. Constancy of purpose
2. The new philosophy
3. Cease dependence on inspection
4. End “lowest tender” contracts
5. Improve every process
6. Institute training on the job
7. Institute leadership

4. THE 14 POINTS ON QUALITY
8. Drive out fear
9. Break down barriers
10.Eliminate exhortations
11.Eliminate arbitrary numerical targets
12.Permit pride of workmanship
13.Encourage education
14.Top management’s commitment

5. THE DEMING CHAIN
REACTION

6. PDCA CYCLE
PDCA is a continuous improvement tool

7. PLAN
Identify the problem
1. Identify the problem to be
examined.
2. Formulate a specific problem
statement to clearly define the
problem
3. Set measurable and attainable
goals
4. Identify stakeholders and develop
necessary communication channels
to communicate and gain approval
AnalyseThe Problem
1. Divide overall system into individual
processes -map the process
2. Brainstorm potential causes for the
problem
3. Collect and analyse data to validate
the root cause
4. Formulate a hypothesis
5. Verify or revise the original problem
statement

8. TOOLS USED FOR
PLANNING
1. Direct observation of process
2. Process mapping
3. Flowcharting
4. Cause and Effect diagrams
5. Pareto analysis

9. DO
Develop Solutions
1. Establish experimental success
criteria
2. Design experiment to test
hypothesis
3. Gain stakeholder approval and
support for the chosen solution
Implement a Solution Implement the experiment/solution on a
trial or pilot basis

10. TOOLS USED FOR DOING
1. Design of Experiment (DOE)
2. On job training
3. Stakeholder management & communication

11. CHECK
EvaluateThe Results
1. Gather/analyse data on the solution
2. Validate hypothesis
Achieve the desired goal
1. IfYES go to act
2. Else go to plan, revise
hypothesis/problem statement

12. TOOLS USED FOR
CHECKING
1. Direct observation of process
2. Graphical analysis
3. Control charts
4. Key performance indicators

13. ACT
Implement the full scale solution
1. Identify systemic changes and
training needs for full
implementation
2. Plan ongoing monitoring of the
solution
3. Continuous improvement
4. Look other improvement
opportunities

14. TOOLS USEDTO ACT
1. Process mapping (new process)
2. Standardization of work and process
3. Visual management
4. Error proofing
5. Formal training

15. THANKYOU