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Olle E Johansson
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A short description of the SIP outbound specification.
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Sip2012 :: outbound
1.
SIP Outbound Letting the
client open the connection and keep it open. OUTBOUND http://edvina.net/sip2012
2.
The problem
OUTBOUND SIP • SIP is bidirectional. Every device is a client and a server that accepts incoming connections. • If the client is behind a NAT device, the server NAT may not be able reach it for incoming calls (or other messages) TLS • With TLS, the client needs to connect to the server (unless the client has a TLS certificate) • TCP (and thus TLS) sessions takes a lot of TCP setup time and time to discover a failure. © C o p y ri g h t 2 0 1 2 E d v i n a A B , S o l l e n t u n a , S w e d e n . A l l ri g h t s re s e r v e d . The SIP Master Class
3.
The solution
OUTBOUND • Let the client be responsible for opening one primary and one backup connection • Opening connections take time, realizing that they’re down takes even longer • Use the connection for communication both ways • Do quick failover if a connection dies RFC 5626 © C o p y ri g h t 2 0 1 2 E d v i n a A B , S o l l e n t u n a , S w e d e n . A l l ri g h t s re s e r v e d . The SIP Master Class
4.
SIP Outbound
OUTBOUND • Open connections at registration to two separate servers • Keep them open. • If needed, use NAT keepalives NATted network SIP SIP SIP Location server/Registrar Ingres proxys RFC 5626 © C o p y ri g h t 2 0 1 2 E d v i n a A B , S o l l e n t u n a , S w e d e n . A l l ri g h t s re s e r v e d . The SIP Master Class
5.
TCP connections
OUTBOUND • Opening a new connection • In windows, takes 19 seconds to fail to setup. In Unix, around 70 seconds. Linux 190 seconds. (Source Geoff Houston) • Discovering a broken connection • To discover a failure can take a very long time. NATted network SIP SIP X SIP Location server/Registrar Ingres proxys © C o p y ri g h t 2 0 1 2 E d v i n a A B , S o l l e n t u n a , S w e d e n . A l l ri g h t s re s e r v e d . The SIP Master Class
6.
Quoting the RFC
OUTBOUND ”The key idea of this specification is that when a UA sends a REGISTER request or a dialog-forming request, the proxy can later use this same network "flow" -- whether this is a bidirectional stream of UDP datagrams, a TCP connection, or an analogous concept in another transport protocol -- to forward any incoming requests that need to go to this UA in the context of the registration or dialog.” Bidirectional flow SIP SIP SIP Location server/Registrar © C o p y ri g h t 2 0 1 2 E d v i n a A B , S o l l e n t u n a , S w e d e n . A l l ri g h t s re s e r v e d . The SIP Master Class
7.
OUTBOUND
NATted network SIP SIP Client initiated connections SIP Location server/Registrar Ingres proxys • The client is responsible for keeping the connection open • Clients has a UUID, device identifier that stays the same - ALWAYS! • The SIP proxy understand (by the UUID and the reg.IDs) that one device has multiple registrations and will use only one at a time • The Registrar or Ingres proxy assigns a flow ID that is unique for each flow • A dialog stays on one connection until it fails © C o p y ri g h t 2 0 1 2 E d v i n a A B , S o l l e n t u n a , S w e d e n . A l l ri g h t s re s e r v e d . The SIP Master Class
8.
OUTBOUND
REGISTER sip:example.com SIP/2.0 Via: SIP/2.0/TCP 192.0.2.2;branch=z9hG4bK-bad0ce-11-1036 Max-Forwards: 70 From: Bob <sip:bob@example.com>;tag=d879h76 To: Bob <sip:bob@example.com> Call-ID: 8921348ju72je840.204 CSeq: 1 REGISTER Supported: path, outbound Contact: <sip:line1@192.0.2.2;transport=tcp>; reg-id=1; ;+sip.instance="<urn:uuid:00000000-0000-1000-8000-000A95A0E128>" Content-Length: 0 Notice the Contact: header parameters. © C o p y ri g h t 2 0 1 2 E d v i n a A B , S o l l e n t u n a , S w e d e n . A l l ri g h t s re s e r v e d . The SIP Master Class
9.
Finding proxys
OUTBOUND The UA may use DNS SRV discovery or provisioning to discover the proxys. One SRV set for edge One SRV set for core proxys proxys © C o p y ri g h t 2 0 1 2 E d v i n a A B , S o l l e n t u n a , S w e d e n . A l l ri g h t s re s e r v e d . The SIP Master Class
10.
Dependencies
OUTBOUND • RFC 3263 - finding edge and core proxys with SRV/NAPTR records • RFC 3327 - SIP PATH header Used for communication between edge proxy and location server/registrar © C o p y ri g h t 2 0 1 2 E d v i n a A B , S o l l e n t u n a , S w e d e n . A l l ri g h t s re s e r v e d . The SIP Master Class
11.
OUTBOUND
SIP outbound • Makes TLS better • Adds a number of • Better definition for connections NAT traversal support • Not yet implemented in many devices • Identifies devices in a unique way • Makes TCP/TLS failover much, much quicker + - © C o p y ri g h t 2 0 1 2 E d v i n a A B , S o l l e n t u n a , S w e d e n . A l l ri g h t s re s e r v e d . The SIP Master Class
12.
This material is
part of the Edvina Learn more about SIP Master Classes SIP2012 at http://edvina.net/sip2012 © C o p y ri g h t 2 0 1 2 E d v i n a A B , S o l l e n t u n a , S w e d e n . A l l ri g h t s re s e r v e d . The SIP Master Class
Editor's Notes
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