The document outlines a manual simulation of a single-server, single-queue system, detailing the observed inter-arrival and service times. It includes step-by-step recordings of the simulation over a 20-minute period and demonstrates how to calculate the average system time, which is found to be 4.8 minutes for five customers processed through the system. The findings emphasize the importance of summarizing individual system times when assessing performance metrics.

1. 1
Introduction to
Simulation and Modeling
Azaz Ahmed Kiani
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2. Manual Simulation
Sohail Amin
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3. Manual Simulation
 Following interarrival and service times
were observed in a single-server,
single-queue system
 Inter-arrival times (min):
 1, 4, 2, 1, 8, 2, 4, 3
 Service times (min):
 2, 5, 4, 1, 3, 2, 1, 3
 Calculate summary statistics based
on 20 min for
 Average System Time
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4. System Model
(Real World Scenario)
4
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5. System Model
5
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6. Simulation : Start
6
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7. Simulation : 0 Minute
7
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8. Simulation : 1 Minute
8
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E 1

9. Simulation : 2 Minute
9
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E 1
Service end
or
Departure

10. Simulation : 3 Minute
10
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E 1
Service end
or
Departure

11. Simulation : 4 Minute
11
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Service end
or
Departure

12. Simulation : 5 Minute
12
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Service end
or
Departure
E 2

13. Simulation : 6 Minute
13
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Service end
or
Departure
E 2

14. Simulation : 7 Minute
14
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Service end
or
Departure
E 2
E 3

15. Simulation : 8 Minute
15
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Service end
or
Departure
E 2
E 3
E 4

16. Simulation : 9 Minute
16
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Service end
or
Departure
E 2
E 3
E 4

17. Simulation : 10 Minute
17
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Service end
or
Departure
E 3 E 2
E 4

18. Simulation : 11 Minute
18
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Service end
or
Departure
E 3 E 2
E 4

19. Simulation : 12 Minute
19
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Service end
or
Departure
E 3 E 2
E 4

20. Simulation : 13 Minute
20
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Service end
or
Departure
E 3 E 2
E 4

21. Simulation : 14 Minute
21
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Service end
or
Departure
E 4 E 3

22. Simulation : 15 Minute
22
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Service end
or
Departure
E 4

23. Simulation : 16 Minute
23
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Service end
or
Departure
E 5

24. Simulation : 17 Minute
24
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Service end
or
Departure
E 5

25. Simulation : 18 Minute
25
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Service end
or
Departure
E 5
E 6

26. Simulation : 19 Minute
26
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Service end
or
Departure
E 6 E 5

27. Simulation : 20 Minute
27
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Service end
or
Departure
E 6

28. Simulation : End
28
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Service end
or
Departure
E 6

29. System time of the entities
 At the time 20, only five different customers have exited the system
 Need not to concerned about any entities still in the system while
 Calculating an observational type of measure such as system time.
 Calculate the average system time by summing all of the
individual system times and dividing by 5
 Average system time for all of the entities that were processed
through the system was 4.8 min
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