Mathematical modeling and simulation can provide valuable tools to aid research and teaching by organizing information, identifying new areas of study, and testing research hypotheses. Modeling helps crystallize thinking while simulation can quantify experimental benefits and predict outcomes under new conditions. There are guidelines for developing models, such as defining the problem, analyzing the real system, mathematically formulating the model, validating the model, and evaluating simulation results. For effective use, limitations and communication between modelers and audiences must be understood.