Significance of research
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The document discusses the importance of research according to both religious texts and scholars. It notes that the Quran urges believers to investigate information before accepting it. Hudson Maxim similarly stated that "doubt is often better than overconfidence" and leads to inquiry and invention. Research is a divine directive that can help avoid mistakes. The document then discusses how the role of research has increased in modern times due to complex problems in various fields. Research is essential for accumulating data on a country's economic and social structures. It reveals what is occurring and what adjustments are taking place. Research provides knowledge and guidelines for solving different problems, and enables better understanding of new developments in one's field.
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1.2 significance of research
The document discusses the importance and significance of research. It notes that research is important for avoiding mistakes by investigating information received before drawing conclusions, as directed by the Quran. Research is also essential for accumulating data on a country's economic and social structures. Additionally, research provides knowledge and solutions to problems in various fields like health, business, government and society. It enables understanding new developments and looks to research for guidelines in situations like the current pandemic.
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Characteristics of Good Research, Types of Research, Research Process, Scientific method-
Blocks, Identifying Research Problem, Concepts, Constructs, Variables, Proposition, and
Theoretical framework.
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Significance of research
Research refers to a careful investigation or inquiry to gain new knowledge. It involves systematically analyzing a problem by breaking it into components and studying it in light of basic assumptions. Research is significant as it promotes logical thinking and aids in developing policies and solving operational problems in business, industry, and social sciences. It provides intellectual and practical benefits by advancing existing knowledge and helping solve problems in a more efficient manner.
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This document provides an introduction and overview of legal research. It defines research and discusses the meaning and importance of research. It outlines the characteristics of good research and motivating factors for research. It also discusses different types of legal research, including doctrinal research, and compares common law and civil law systems. In summary:
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The document discusses various topics related to research methodology including:
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2. Key criteria for good research including clearly defining the purpose, thoroughly planning the design, applying high ethical standards, and justifying conclusions.
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The document discusses the importance and significance of research. It notes that research is important for avoiding mistakes by investigating information received before drawing conclusions, as directed by the Quran. Research is also essential for accumulating data on a country's economic and social structures. Additionally, research provides knowledge and solutions to problems in various fields like health, business, government and society. It enables understanding new developments and looks to research for guidelines in situations like the current pandemic.
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Characteristics of Good Research, Types of Research, Research Process, Scientific method-
Blocks, Identifying Research Problem, Concepts, Constructs, Variables, Proposition, and
Theoretical framework.
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Research refers to a careful investigation or inquiry to gain new knowledge. It involves systematically analyzing a problem by breaking it into components and studying it in light of basic assumptions. Research is significant as it promotes logical thinking and aids in developing policies and solving operational problems in business, industry, and social sciences. It provides intellectual and practical benefits by advancing existing knowledge and helping solve problems in a more efficient manner.
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The document discusses various topics related to research methodology including:
1. The possible motivations for undertaking research such as getting a degree, solving problems, intellectual enjoyment, and gaining respect.
2. Key criteria for good research including clearly defining the purpose, thoroughly planning the design, applying high ethical standards, and justifying conclusions.
3. The significance of research in enabling progress, developing logical thinking, and providing guidelines to address business, government and social issues.
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Research refers to a systematic investigation to discover and revise facts. The main objectives of research are to gain new insights, accurately portray characteristics of a situation, determine frequency of occurrences, and test hypotheses. Research is motivated by desires such as completing a degree, solving problems, intellectual enjoyment, and gaining respect. Research is significant as it facilitates progress, decision-making, and solving business and social issues. The major types of research are descriptive (surveying the present state), analytical (studying relationships between variables), and experimental (testing cause-and-effect relationships).
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Research is important for progress and problem-solving across many fields. It promotes logical thinking and allows for the development of alternative policies and examination of their consequences. Research is necessary for government policymaking by providing analysis of needs, revenues, and economic conditions. It facilitates decision-making by investigating economic structures, diagnosing events, and predicting future developments. Research also helps business with operations, market analysis, sales forecasting, and replacing intuitive decisions with more scientific ones. It provides both practical guidance and intellectual satisfaction for social scientists seeking to understand human interactions and solve social problems. Overall, research is a key source of knowledge and guidelines for addressing issues in business, government, and society.
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The Foundations of Good Social
Science Research
Social research is an exciting, active endeavour. For me, the thrill of seeing a set of my data
for the fi rst time is right up there on the list of life’s good moments. For most new social
researchers, and a good many old ones, our enthusiasm at the start of a new research
project can be almost overwhelming. Th e impetus to get out there and start the real
research, that is, collecting and analysing our data, is very strong.
But social science research is a process and a practice that involves much more than
data collection and analysis. To achieve the results we want and to ensure that our fi rst
forays into our data are thrilling, not devastating, all elements of that process and practice
need to be fully understood and embedded into the research project in a coherent and
structured way. As is made clear in Chapters 2 and 3, in most projects, data collection and
analysis will come towards the end of the research project, not at the start. Good quality
data, of whatever type, can only be collected from a strong foundation. Th is is where most
of the real research work of any project is actually done.
Th is foundation includes a solid theoretical and personal understanding of social
science research process, a dedication to thorough preparation and planning within that
process, an awareness and a commitment to addressing the moral and ethical dimensions
of our research, an extensive and critical review of the empirical and theoretical literature
around our topic, and ensuring that we have the technical and theoretical expertise to
undertake all aspects of the research process in a competent and rigorous way. While
fi gurative outlines of this process tend to be linked linear boxes, I prefer a more
metaphorical vision of these aspects as a nest, supporting, enveloping and nurturing the
data and their analyses and interpretations. It is these foundational elements of social
science research that are covered in this fi rst section.
Th e opening fi ve chapters set the context for the next eleven. Each details a diff erent
core element of good social science research. Chapters 1 to 4, on the nature, design, and
process of social science research are individually focused, but work together to set out,
in practical terms, the whats, whys, and hows of developing a quality social science
research project, one that is methodologically clear, theoretically informed and empirically
and conceptually rigorous. It is at this developmental stage that the ethical and moral
dimensions of the research must be addressed. Th e foregrounding of what makes research
practice ethical in this fi rst section is purposeful. Because most of our research concerns
people, ethics sits at the core of social science research. Ethical research goes further
than ensuring that we do not expose our respondents, wittingly or unwittingly, to harm.
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This document discusses the concept of "institutional coherentism" as a prerequisite for high-quality science. It defines key terms like institution, establishment, coherentism, and validity. The main points are:
1) It argues that while coherentism and validity are pursued by researchers, the idea of "institutional coherentism" across an entire field of study is rarely followed. This could lead to more consistent, higher-quality science.
2) It defines an institution as a structure of rules that shapes behavior, and a scientific institution as one that conducts research, like a research institute. An establishment is a group with authority in a given area.
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This document discusses the importance of quantitative research across various fields including anthropology, communication, medicine, medical education, behavioral sciences, education and psychology, and social sciences. It provides examples of quantitative research studies conducted in each field. Quantitative research is important because it uses empirical evidence from social science experiments and surveys to test hypotheses, understand relationships between variables, and draw generalizable conclusions about human behavior and outcomes across populations. The document emphasizes that quantitative research has been widely used in most disciplines to help solve problems, enhance practices, and inform policies through objective evidence.
ERIC - developing an impact capture system
1) Coventry University developed an impact capture system called ERIC to systematically plan, monitor, and collect research impact outcomes.
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The document discusses the nature and importance of research. It defines research as a systematic investigation for information through questioning. Research is important as it provides necessary information, allows for improvements and changes, enhances standards of living through new inventions, enables safer and healthier lives through medical discoveries, reveals the truth, explores history, and aids in understanding art. Research teaches critical thinking, logic, and argumentation skills.
Basic introduction
This document defines research and discusses its objectives and significance. Research is defined as a careful, systematic study undertaken to establish principles or policies. The objectives of research are to gain new insights into a phenomenon and to accurately portray characteristics of individuals, situations, or groups. Research is significant as it encourages scientific thinking, leads to new inventions, and helps train people to conduct research in a disciplined, objective manner.
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This document discusses the benefits of horizontal collaboration in social science research between developing nations. It defines horizontal collaboration as collaboration among peers or developing nations, as opposed to vertical collaboration which involves unequal partners. The key benefits outlined are that it allows for the development of scientific paradigms applicable to different local contexts, fosters a spirit of mutual learning and inquiry, follows inductive approaches by considering diverse case studies, better theorization by aggregating global data, and gives voice to underrepresented groups. It argues this approach can challenge established norms and structures.
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To log in and use the learning management system (LMS) at SBB University: open the university website, click on the LMS link, enter the username and password that was emailed, and click login. This will direct the user to their courses page where they can access announcements, chatrooms, classrooms, lecture notes, and video lectures.More Related Content
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Research refers to a systematic investigation to discover and revise facts. The main objectives of research are to gain new insights, accurately portray characteristics of a situation, determine frequency of occurrences, and test hypotheses. Research is motivated by desires such as completing a degree, solving problems, intellectual enjoyment, and gaining respect. Research is significant as it facilitates progress, decision-making, and solving business and social issues. The major types of research are descriptive (surveying the present state), analytical (studying relationships between variables), and experimental (testing cause-and-effect relationships).
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Research is important for progress and problem-solving across many fields. It promotes logical thinking and allows for the development of alternative policies and examination of their consequences. Research is necessary for government policymaking by providing analysis of needs, revenues, and economic conditions. It facilitates decision-making by investigating economic structures, diagnosing events, and predicting future developments. Research also helps business with operations, market analysis, sales forecasting, and replacing intuitive decisions with more scientific ones. It provides both practical guidance and intellectual satisfaction for social scientists seeking to understand human interactions and solve social problems. Overall, research is a key source of knowledge and guidelines for addressing issues in business, government, and society.
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The Foundations of Good Social
Science Research
Social research is an exciting, active endeavour. For me, the thrill of seeing a set of my data
for the fi rst time is right up there on the list of life’s good moments. For most new social
researchers, and a good many old ones, our enthusiasm at the start of a new research
project can be almost overwhelming. Th e impetus to get out there and start the real
research, that is, collecting and analysing our data, is very strong.
But social science research is a process and a practice that involves much more than
data collection and analysis. To achieve the results we want and to ensure that our fi rst
forays into our data are thrilling, not devastating, all elements of that process and practice
need to be fully understood and embedded into the research project in a coherent and
structured way. As is made clear in Chapters 2 and 3, in most projects, data collection and
analysis will come towards the end of the research project, not at the start. Good quality
data, of whatever type, can only be collected from a strong foundation. Th is is where most
of the real research work of any project is actually done.
Th is foundation includes a solid theoretical and personal understanding of social
science research process, a dedication to thorough preparation and planning within that
process, an awareness and a commitment to addressing the moral and ethical dimensions
of our research, an extensive and critical review of the empirical and theoretical literature
around our topic, and ensuring that we have the technical and theoretical expertise to
undertake all aspects of the research process in a competent and rigorous way. While
fi gurative outlines of this process tend to be linked linear boxes, I prefer a more
metaphorical vision of these aspects as a nest, supporting, enveloping and nurturing the
data and their analyses and interpretations. It is these foundational elements of social
science research that are covered in this fi rst section.
Th e opening fi ve chapters set the context for the next eleven. Each details a diff erent
core element of good social science research. Chapters 1 to 4, on the nature, design, and
process of social science research are individually focused, but work together to set out,
in practical terms, the whats, whys, and hows of developing a quality social science
research project, one that is methodologically clear, theoretically informed and empirically
and conceptually rigorous. It is at this developmental stage that the ethical and moral
dimensions of the research must be addressed. Th e foregrounding of what makes research
practice ethical in this fi rst section is purposeful. Because most of our research concerns
people, ethics sits at the core of social science research. Ethical research goes further
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The document discusses the concepts of inquiry and research. It defines inquiry as seeking truth, information or knowledge through asking questions and gathering data using the senses. Research is described as a systematic process of inquiry involving cautious consideration of phenomena based on knowledge rather than beliefs. The goal of research is to describe, predict and control observed phenomena. It provides benefits such as allowing investigation of interesting topics, enhancing meaningful learning, providing hands-on experience, uncovering problems to enable changes, and improving standards of living through new inventions.
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This document discusses promoting horizontal collaboration in social science research between underrepresented regions of the world. It begins by summarizing a previous paper on cross-cultural research design and the importance of obtaining different cultural perspectives. It then defines horizontal collaboration as collaboration among developing nations as equals, in contrast to vertical collaboration which involves technology transfer between unequal partners. The document argues that horizontal collaboration can help develop science paradigms applicable to different developing regions while promoting a spirit of camaraderie between peer nations. It maintains science must become culture-neutral and prejudice-free, and that developing nations must contribute to human welfare through both theoretical and applied scientific advances.
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The purpose of research is explanatory, descriptive and exploratory. Hence, the study should seek to appraise its information within the larger body of research. Researches must always be innovative and also of soaring quality in order to produce knowledge that is relevant and applicatory. The result of the research should be used for policy and project execution.
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This document summarizes a paper on research methodology in management and social sciences. It discusses key concepts in research methodology including theory, paradigm, hypothesis, and the 5 D method. It emphasizes the importance of rigor and accuracy in research. Some pitfalls in the research process are outlined, such as improperly formulating the research problem or conducting an insufficient literature review. Rigorous data collection and analysis are important to draw valid conclusions.
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This document discusses the concept of "institutional coherentism" as a prerequisite for high-quality science. It defines key terms like institution, establishment, coherentism, and validity. The main points are:
1) It argues that while coherentism and validity are pursued by researchers, the idea of "institutional coherentism" across an entire field of study is rarely followed. This could lead to more consistent, higher-quality science.
2) It defines an institution as a structure of rules that shapes behavior, and a scientific institution as one that conducts research, like a research institute. An establishment is a group with authority in a given area.
3) Coherentism requires a system of beliefs
Prac Res 2_Q1M2.pdf
This document discusses the importance of quantitative research across various fields including anthropology, communication, medicine, medical education, behavioral sciences, education and psychology, and social sciences. It provides examples of quantitative research studies conducted in each field. Quantitative research is important because it uses empirical evidence from social science experiments and surveys to test hypotheses, understand relationships between variables, and draw generalizable conclusions about human behavior and outcomes across populations. The document emphasizes that quantitative research has been widely used in most disciplines to help solve problems, enhance practices, and inform policies through objective evidence.
ERIC - developing an impact capture system
1) Coventry University developed an impact capture system called ERIC to systematically plan, monitor, and collect research impact outcomes.
2) Developing ERIC highlighted the need to engage and train staff across the university on impact.
3) ERIC integrates with the university's existing research information management system, allowing academics to plan and track impacts throughout a project's lifecycle.
Lesson 1.pptx
The document discusses the nature and importance of research. It defines research as a systematic investigation for information through questioning. Research is important as it provides necessary information, allows for improvements and changes, enhances standards of living through new inventions, enables safer and healthier lives through medical discoveries, reveals the truth, explores history, and aids in understanding art. Research teaches critical thinking, logic, and argumentation skills.
Basic introduction
This document defines research and discusses its objectives and significance. Research is defined as a careful, systematic study undertaken to establish principles or policies. The objectives of research are to gain new insights into a phenomenon and to accurately portray characteristics of individuals, situations, or groups. Research is significant as it encourages scientific thinking, leads to new inventions, and helps train people to conduct research in a disciplined, objective manner.
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This document discusses the benefits of horizontal collaboration in social science research between developing nations. It defines horizontal collaboration as collaboration among peers or developing nations, as opposed to vertical collaboration which involves unequal partners. The key benefits outlined are that it allows for the development of scientific paradigms applicable to different local contexts, fosters a spirit of mutual learning and inquiry, follows inductive approaches by considering diverse case studies, better theorization by aggregating global data, and gives voice to underrepresented groups. It argues this approach can challenge established norms and structures.
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The document discusses how the market research industry can play a key role in the emerging "ideas boom" by embracing design thinking principles. It outlines 5 considerations for researchers: 1) Own the independent, expert consumer voice; 2) Evolve the research process using design thinking approaches; 3) Focus on agility to drive action from insights; 4) Avoid confirmation bias and encourage new perspectives; 5) Improve collaboration and education skills. The author argues that by adopting these approaches, researchers can move beyond just insights to help unlock and implement new ideas.
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Scientific misconduct is defined as fabrication, falsification, plagiarism, or practices that seriously deviate from accepted research standards in proposing, conducting, or reporting research. Plagiarism involves presenting another's work as one's own without full acknowledgement and can take various forms such as total copying of papers, copying portions without citation, or close paraphrasing without changing the structure or wording. A famous case of plagiarism involved Luc Montagnier and Robert Gallo disputing who discovered HIV, with Gallo later admitting he stole a virus strain from Montagnier's lab.
3.1 plagiarism-1
Scientific misconduct is defined as fabrication, falsification, plagiarism, or practices that seriously deviate from accepted research standards in proposing, conducting, or reporting research. Plagiarism involves presenting another's work as one's own without full acknowledgement and can take various forms such as total copying of papers, copying portions without citation, or close paraphrasing without changing the structure or wording. A famous case of plagiarism involved Luc Montagnier and Robert Gallo disputing who discovered HIV, with Gallo later admitting he stole a virus strain from Montagnier's lab.
2.5 research and its types-jan-ppt
This document provides an overview of research and types of research. It defines research and discusses types including descriptive vs analytical, applied vs fundamental, quantitative vs qualitative, conceptual vs empirical. It also outlines some other types such as field research, clinical research, and exploratory vs formalized research. Qualities of good research are discussed as being systematic, logical, empirical, and replicable.
2.2 research paper-manuscript
This document provides instructions for writing a research paper and publishing it in a journal. It outlines the typical sections of a research paper, including an abstract, introduction, materials and methods, results, discussion, and conclusions. It emphasizes choosing a manageable topic, reviewing relevant literature, stating hypotheses, and analyzing data. The document also notes that research should be published in journals rather than conferences when possible. It advises following each journal's template and submission process in order to publish one's paper.
2.1 research synopsis-proposal
This document provides a generic guide for structuring a research proposal or synopsis. It outlines 12 sections that should be included: 1) working title, 2) abstract, 3) introduction, 4) scope, 5) aims, 6) specific objectives, 7) justification, 8) literature review, 9) methodology, 10) ethics, 11) resources, and 12) bibliography. The guide describes what type of information should be included in each section, such as providing a brief introduction to the research topic in the introduction section and outlining any ethical issues and how they will be addressed in the ethics section. The overall structure is intended to clearly communicate the purpose and plan of the proposed research.
1.4 research process
1. Research requires defining a problem, conducting an extensive literature review to understand what is already known, and developing testable hypotheses to guide further investigation.
2. The research process involves formulating a problem, surveying existing literature, developing hypotheses, designing a study, determining appropriate sampling methods, collecting data, analyzing results, and drawing conclusions. Careful planning at each step helps ensure efficient and effective research.
3. Data collection methods include experiments to test hypotheses as well as surveys using techniques like questionnaires, interviews, and observations. The choice of methods depends on the problem, available resources, and goals of the study.
1.1 definition and types of research-qualities of good research
1.1 definition and types of research-qualities of good researchShaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Sheringal Pakistan.
The document discusses research methodology and types of research. It provides definitions of research from various organizations. Research is defined as a systematic process of investigation aimed at discovering and interpreting facts.
The document outlines the basic types of research as descriptive vs analytical, applied vs fundamental, quantitative vs qualitative, conceptual vs empirical. Descriptive research reports what is happening, while analytical research analyzes available information. Applied research aims to solve practical problems, while fundamental research adds to theoretical knowledge. Quantitative research measures quantities, while qualitative examines qualities. Conceptual research develops theories, while empirical relies on observation and experimentation.
Finally, the document lists qualities of good research such as being systematic, logical, and empirical. Good research allows results to be1.3 method vs methodologies
The document discusses the difference between research methods and research methodology. Research methods refer to the specific techniques used to collect and analyze data, which can be grouped into collecting data, establishing relationships between data, and evaluating accuracy. Research methodology is a broader term that encompasses not just the methods used, but the overall systematic process of conducting scientific research, including literature review, research ethics, and justifying the specific methods chosen.
Some flavonoids in daily food source
This document discusses polyphenols found in various foods and drinks, including grains, tomatoes, fennel, lettuce, carrots, artichokes, olive oil, lemons, apples, pomegranates, bananas, berries, orange peels, grape pomace, and citrus flavonoids. For each food or drink, there is a brief section on the characteristic polyphenols present.
Polyphenols anthocyanins
Polyphenols are a class of organic chemicals characterized by multiple phenol structural units. Anthocyanins are water-soluble pigments that appear red, purple, blue or black depending on pH. They are common in many fruits and vegetables and contribute to the colors of autumn leaves. Anthocyanins are derived from anthocyanidins by adding sugars. The chemical structure of anthocyanins contains two benzene rings and a heterocyclic ring, with variations in hydroxyl and methyl groups determining the specific anthocyanidin. Plants rich in anthocyanins include berries, red cabbage, and violet petals. Anthocyanins may protect plants from extreme temperatures and herbivore attacks.
Poly phenole flavonoids anthocyanins
Polyphenols are a class of organic chemicals found in plants characterized by multiple phenol structural units. Flavonoids are a type of polyphenol that include over 4000 naturally occurring compounds often serving as pigments in plants. Anthocyanins are water-soluble vacuolar pigments that appear red, purple, blue or black depending on pH and are a subclass of flavonoids found in many fruits and vegetables providing color. Anthocyanins have benefits for plants like protecting against temperature extremes and herbivores by complementing the color of chlorophyll.
1.3 isoflavones
Isoflavones are a class of flavonoids that resemble flavonoids in their properties but differ in the placement of their phenyl group. Isoflavones include isoflavones, isoflavanones, and isoflavans and constitute one of the largest groups of natural flavonoids. They are known for their antioxidant and phytoestrogenic properties due to their structural similarity to estradiol. Their estrogenic effects impact both men and women.
1.2 flavons
Flavones comprise one of the largest groups of flavonoids, which are characterized by the presence of a double bond between carbon-2 and carbon-3, and the attachment of the B ring to carbon-2. Various types of flavones have been reported in wood or bark of higher plants, including simple flavones, C-methyl flavones, 5,7,2',4'-tetrahydroxy derivatives, and 5,7,2',4',5'-pentahydroxy derivatives. Flavones play important roles in plant signaling, defense and human health due to their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and other pharmacological activities.
1.1 flavonoids details-anthocyanins and medicinal
1.1 flavonoids details-anthocyanins and medicinalShaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Sheringal Pakistan.
Polyphenols and anthocyanins are classes of plant compounds. Anthocyanins are water-soluble pigments that appear red, purple, blue or black depending on pH. They are common in fruits and vegetables and contribute to autumn leaf colors. Anthocyanins have important roles in plant protection from stresses. They have potential health benefits as antioxidants and may help prevent cardiovascular disease and cancer.More from Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Sheringal Pakistan. (17)
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Significance of research
- 1. Significance of Research The Holy Quran urges us to investigate any piece of information that we receive before accepting it and drawing conclusions. According to Hudson Maxim (1853 –1927) “All progress is born of inquiry. Doubt is often better than overconfidence, for it leads to inquiry, and inquiry leads to invention” “O you who have believed, if there comes to you a disobedient one with information, investigate, lest you harm a people out of ignorance and become, over what you have done, regretful.” (49:6) This investigation is a divine directive which can help us avoid making gross mistakes. Dr.Jan SBBU
- 2. • The role of research in several fields has greatly increased in modern times. • The increasingly complex nature problems( in institutions, business and government) has focused attention on the use of research in solving problems. • For a country: it is essential for accumulating of data on the economic and social structure of the country. This type of information reveals what exactly is going onstructure of the country. This type of information reveals what exactly is going on in the economy, and what adjustments are taking place. Dr.Jan SBBU
- 3. The significance of research: To those students who are to write a master’s or Ph.D. thesis, research may mean a careerism or a way to attain a high position in the social structure; To professionals in research methodology, research may mean a source of livelihood; To philosophers and thinkers, research may mean the outlet for new ideas and insights; To literary men and women, research may mean the development of new styles and creative work;creative work; To analysts and intellectuals, research may mean the generalizations of new theories. Dr.Jan SBBU
- 4. Thus, research is the fountain of knowledge for the sake of knowledge and an important source of providing guidelines for solving different business, governmental and social problems. It is a sort of formal training which enables one to understand the new developments in one’s field in a better way. Dr.Jan SBBU