S.M. Ali Zaidi presented on the Pakistani spice market. India is the largest producer of spices in the world, producing over 1 million tonnes annually. Shan Foods dominates the branded spice market in Pakistan, holding a 50% market share, followed by National Foods at 35%. The total curry-based spice market in Pakistan is estimated at Rs. 10-15 billion, with 60% coming from loose, unbranded spices. Punjab and Sindh each account for 45% of the regional spice market share in Pakistan. Shan Foods saw increases in sales (35%) and profits (175%) from 2012 to 2011, while trade debts decreased by 30% and fixed assets by 5%.