1) A study showed that the choice of anesthesiologist affects outcomes in cardiac surgery, with patients of low-performing anesthesiologists having twice the rate of death or complications compared to patients of high-performing anesthesiologists. 2) While some view anesthesiologists as interchangeable, the results demonstrate that individual anesthesiologists can significantly impact outcomes. 3) Additional studies discussed in the document examine how better understanding differences in provider performance and standardizing best practices can help improve outcomes for all patients.