Sex education provides information about bodily development, sex, sexuality, and relationships to help young people make informed decisions about their sexual health. It should occur throughout a student's education and cover topics like puberty, reproduction, abstinence, contraception, relationships, and sexual orientation. Research shows comprehensive sex education that provides complete and medically accurate information helps young people avoid risks and protects their health and well-being.
Christine Washington Davis of the Christian HIV and AIDS Network of Liberia and Seventh Day Adventist Church discusses the prevalence of teenage pregnancy and HIV infection among Liberian adolescents and how her organization is addressing the challenge.
Poverty, Sexual Practices and Vulnerability of Female Sex Workers to HIV/AIDS...John Bako
The prevalence of HIV among Female who sell sex in Nigeria has witnessed a sharp decline between 2007 to 2014.
The decline was recorded both amidst BBFSWs (30.2% in 2007 to 19.4% in 2014) and NBFSWs (37.4% in 2007 to 8.6 in 2014)
This decline can be attributed to National programmatic response towards achieving universal access to HIV/AIDS preventions in Nigeria.
Christine Washington Davis of the Christian HIV and AIDS Network of Liberia and Seventh Day Adventist Church discusses the prevalence of teenage pregnancy and HIV infection among Liberian adolescents and how her organization is addressing the challenge.
Poverty, Sexual Practices and Vulnerability of Female Sex Workers to HIV/AIDS...John Bako
The prevalence of HIV among Female who sell sex in Nigeria has witnessed a sharp decline between 2007 to 2014.
The decline was recorded both amidst BBFSWs (30.2% in 2007 to 19.4% in 2014) and NBFSWs (37.4% in 2007 to 8.6 in 2014)
This decline can be attributed to National programmatic response towards achieving universal access to HIV/AIDS preventions in Nigeria.
Sex Education to Indian Adolescents – Need of the Houriosrjce
Sex is very sensitive subject and public discussion on sexual matters is considered as a taboo Indian soc
iety. Most of us do not talk openly about the topic in presence of our elders. But there are certain things that the
youth of our country need to know
This webcast was developed by the Office of
Adolescent Health (OAH) in May 2013 as a technical assistance product for use with OAH grant programs and presents global strategies for adolescent pregnancy prevention.
In Africa, the concept of Guidance and Counseling although relatively new in educational systems, has been embraced by most governments. Although most African countries recognize the essential role of organized Guidance and Counseling Programmes, there are limited researches studies conducted to assess the effectiveness of the programmed services being implemented to improve the student’s decision making processes that lead to improved future benefits. Research is yet to identify gender specific strategies to positive psychosexual development in boys and girls that can promote safe reproductive health. A wide spread ignorance on the subject of sex is due to the fact that the subject has been surrounded with mystery and beclouded by dark silence. The result has increased curiosity and desire to acquire more knowledge on this forbidden subject; yet, the people entrusted with the responsibility of educating the adolescents on the subject have not made appropriate information readily available. The study investigated effectiveness of guidance and counselling programmes on academic achievement among public secondary school students in Bungoma South Sub-County, Kenya. The study adopted Albert Bandura’s Social Cognitive Theory postulated in 1986. A descriptive research design was used with target population of 52 guiding and counselling teachers. A sample of 16 participants was selected using, using 30% of Mugenda and Mugenda (2003) and randomly selected from 52 schools. Data was collected using structured interview schedule and questionnaire and analyzed descriptively. Results highlights teacher counselling and peer counselling were the most effective strategies in guidance and counselling as compared to students suspension and corporal punishment. More than half of guidance and counselling teachers asserted that schools had inadequate policy and manual procedures and code of ethics and regulation governing sexual behaviour. This paper points at need of guidance and counselling departments to develop policies and manual procedures on sex and relationship education that acts as a reference point to all members of the school. In addition, the Government should set up reproductive health institutions for the youth, promote peer counseling, talks by health providers in schools which has a bearing on students’ performance.
Sex Education to Indian Adolescents – Need of the Houriosrjce
Sex is very sensitive subject and public discussion on sexual matters is considered as a taboo Indian soc
iety. Most of us do not talk openly about the topic in presence of our elders. But there are certain things that the
youth of our country need to know
This webcast was developed by the Office of
Adolescent Health (OAH) in May 2013 as a technical assistance product for use with OAH grant programs and presents global strategies for adolescent pregnancy prevention.
In Africa, the concept of Guidance and Counseling although relatively new in educational systems, has been embraced by most governments. Although most African countries recognize the essential role of organized Guidance and Counseling Programmes, there are limited researches studies conducted to assess the effectiveness of the programmed services being implemented to improve the student’s decision making processes that lead to improved future benefits. Research is yet to identify gender specific strategies to positive psychosexual development in boys and girls that can promote safe reproductive health. A wide spread ignorance on the subject of sex is due to the fact that the subject has been surrounded with mystery and beclouded by dark silence. The result has increased curiosity and desire to acquire more knowledge on this forbidden subject; yet, the people entrusted with the responsibility of educating the adolescents on the subject have not made appropriate information readily available. The study investigated effectiveness of guidance and counselling programmes on academic achievement among public secondary school students in Bungoma South Sub-County, Kenya. The study adopted Albert Bandura’s Social Cognitive Theory postulated in 1986. A descriptive research design was used with target population of 52 guiding and counselling teachers. A sample of 16 participants was selected using, using 30% of Mugenda and Mugenda (2003) and randomly selected from 52 schools. Data was collected using structured interview schedule and questionnaire and analyzed descriptively. Results highlights teacher counselling and peer counselling were the most effective strategies in guidance and counselling as compared to students suspension and corporal punishment. More than half of guidance and counselling teachers asserted that schools had inadequate policy and manual procedures and code of ethics and regulation governing sexual behaviour. This paper points at need of guidance and counselling departments to develop policies and manual procedures on sex and relationship education that acts as a reference point to all members of the school. In addition, the Government should set up reproductive health institutions for the youth, promote peer counseling, talks by health providers in schools which has a bearing on students’ performance.
This is awareness campaign report during health teaching in a rural community within the Philippines to increase awareness of increasing trend of teenage pregnancy especially among low poverty income and less educated residents in a certain community in the Philippines
Comprehensive Sexuality Education is a curriculum-based process of teaching & learning about the cognitive, emotional, physical & social aspects of sexuality.
This webinar was developed by Child Trends in 2015 for the Office of Adolescent Health (OAH) as a technical assistance product for use with OAH grant programs.
The cards also contain recommendations for inclusion of SRHR in the post-2015 development framework. The briefing cards were developed by partners in the Universal Access Project, which aims to bolster the U.S. government’s support for international reproductive health and family planning. However, the cards are not specific to a U.S. policy context so their content will be useful for a wide range of advocates as we move toward intergovernmental negotiations and continue to make the case with governments about the importance of ensuring the comprehensive inclusion of sexual and reproductive health and rights within the post-2015 development framework.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
2. Sex education is the provision of information
about bodily development, sex, sexuality, and
relationships, along with skills-building to help young
people communicate about and make informed
decisions regarding sex and their sexual health.
3. Sex education should occur throughout a
student’s grade levels, with information appropriate to
students’ development and cultural background.
It should include information about puberty and
reproduction, abstinence, contraception and condoms,
relationships, sexual violence prevention, body image,
gender identity and sexual orientation. It should be
taught by trained teachers.
4. Sex education should be informed by evidence of
what works best to prevent unintended pregnancy and
sexually transmitted infections, but it should also
respect young people’s right to complete and honest
information.
5. Sex education should treat sexual development as a
normal, natural part of human development.
6. WHY IS SEXUAL HEALTH
EDUCATION IMPORTANT TO
YOUNG PEOPLE’S HEALTH AND
WELL-BEING?
7. Comprehensive sexual health education
covers a range of topics throughout the
student’s grade levels. Along with parental
and community support, it can help young
people:
8. ◦ Avoid negative health consequences. Each year in the United States,
about 750,000 teens become pregnant, with up to 82 percent of those
pregnancies being unintended.[1,2] Young people ages 15-24 account
for 25 percent of all new HIV infections in the U.S.[3] and make up
almost one-half of the over 19 million new STD infections Americans
acquire each year.4 Sex education teaches young people the skills they
need to protect themselves.
9. ◦ Communicate about sexuality and sexual health. Throughout their
lives, people communicate with parents, friends and intimate partners
about sexuality. Learning to freely discuss contraception and condoms,
as well as activities they are not ready for, protects young people’s
health throughout their lives. Delay sexual initiation until they are
Comprehensive sexual health education teaches abstinence as the
100 percent effective method of preventing HIV, STIs, and unintended
pregnancy – and as a valid choice which everyone has the right to
make. Dozens of sex education programs have been proven effective
helping young people delay sex or have sex less often.
10. ◦ Understand healthy and unhealthy relationships. Maintaining a healthy
relationship requires skills many young people are never taught – like
positive communication, conflict management, and negotiating
decisions around sexual activity. A lack of these skills can lead to
unhealthy and even violent relationships among youth: one in 10 high
school students has experienced physical violence from a dating
partner in the past year. Sex education should include understanding
and identifying healthy and unhealthy relationship patterns; effective
ways to communicate relationship needs and manage conflict; and
strategies to avoid or end an unhealthy relationship.
11. ◦ Understand, value, and feel autonomy over their bodies.
Comprehensive sexual health education teaches not only the basics of
puberty and development, but also instills in young people that they
have the right to decide what behaviors they engage in and to say no
to unwanted sexual activity. Furthermore, sex education helps young
people to examine the forces that contribute to a positive or negative
body image.
12. ◦ Respect others’ right to bodily autonomy. Eight percent of high school
students have been forced to have intercourse[8], while one in ten
students say they have committed sexual violence.[9] Good sex
education teaches young people what constitutes sexual violence, that
sexual violence is wrong, and how to find help if they have been
assaulted.
13. ◦ Show dignity and respect for all people, regardless of sexual
orientation or gender identity. The past few decades have seen huge
steps toward equality for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender
individuals. Yet LGBT youth still face discrimination and harassment.
Among LGBT students, 82 percent have experienced harassment due
the sexual orientation, and 38 percent have experienced physical
harassment.[
14. ◦ Protect their academic success. Student sexual health can affect
academic success. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
(CDC) has found that students who do not engage in health risk
behaviors receive higher grades than students who do engage in
risk behaviors. Health-related problems and unintended pregnancy
both contribute to absenteeism and dropout.
15. WHAT DOES THE RESEARCH SAY
ABOUT EFFECTIVE SEX
EDUCATION?
16. Comprehensive sexual health education works.
Research has repeatedly found that sex education which provides accurate, complete, and
developmentally appropriate information on human sexuality, including risk-reduction strategies
and contraception helps young people take steps to protect their health, including delaying sex,
using condoms or contraception, and being monogamous.
◦ A 2012 study that examined 66 comprehensive sexual risk reduction programs found them to
be an effective public health strategy to reduce adolescent pregnancy, HIV, and STIs.
◦ Research from the National Survey of Family Growth assessed the impact of sexuality
on youth sexual risk-taking for young people ages 15-19 and found that teens who received
comprehensive sex education were 50 percent less likely to experience pregnancy than those
who received abstinence-only-until-marriage programs.
◦ Even accounting for differences in household income and education, states which teach sex
education and/or HIV education that covers abstinence as well as contraception, tend to have
the lowest pregnancy rates.
17. National Sexuality Education Standards provide a roadmap.
The National Sexuality Education Standards, developed by experts in the public health and
sexuality education field and heavily influenced by the National Health Education Standards,
provide guidance about the minimum essential content and skills needed to help students
informed decisions about sexual health.15 The standards focus on seven topics as the minimum,
essential content and skills for K–12 education: Anatomy and Physiology, Puberty and
Development, Identity, Pregnancy and Reproduction, Sexually Transmitted Diseases and HIV,
Healthy Relationships, and Personal Safety. Topics are presented using performance indicators—
what students should learn by the end of grades 2, 5, 8, and 12.[16] Schools which are
comprehensive sexual health education programs should consult the National Sexuality
Standards to provide students with the information and skills they need to develop into healthy
adults.
18. Evidence-based interventions are proven effective for schools serving communities at risk.
Schools may wish to embed evidence-based interventions (EBIs) in their sexual health education
programs. Others may wish to provide EBIs as targeted interventions for groups of students at
risk. To do the latter, these programs should be provided in an after school setting. Researchers
have identified dozens of EBIs where participants showed statistically significant declines in teen
pregnancy, HIV, or other STIs. Following are collections of EBIs targeting youth from a variety of
backgrounds.
Science and Success : Programs that Work to Prevent Teen Pregnancy, HIV, and Sexually
Transmitted Infections (Advocates for Youth, 2012): Advocates for Youth undertook exhaustive
reviews of existing programs that work to prevent teen pregnancy, HIV, and STIs and compiled
list of programs that have been proven effective by rigorous evaluation. Thirty-six effective
programs were identified.[5]16 programs demonstrated a statistically significant delay in the
timing of first sex.
◦ 21 programs showed statistically significant declines in teen pregnancy, HIV or other STIs.
◦ 16 programs helped sexually active youth to increase their use of condoms.
◦ 9 programs demonstrated success at increasing use of contraception other than condoms.
19. Emerging Answers(The National Campaign to End Teen and Unplanned Pregnancy, 2007):
Researcher Douglas Kirby examined studies of prevention programs which had a strong
experimental design and used other appropriate analysis criteria. Two-thirds of the 48
comprehensive sex education programs studied had positive effects:[17]40 percent delayed
sexual initiation, reduced number of sexual partners, or increased condom or contraceptive use;
◦ 30 percent reduced the frequency of sex, including return to abstinence; and
◦ 60 percent reduced unprotected sex.
The Office of Adolescent Health, a division of the U.S. Department of Health and Human
Services, keeps a list of evidence-based interventions, with ratings based on the rigor of
program impact studies and strength of the evidence supporting the program model. Thirty-
one programs meet the OAH’s effectiveness criteria and that were found to be effective at
preventing teen pregnancies or births, reducing sexually transmitted infections, or reducing
rates of associated sexual risk behaviors (defined by sexual activity, contraceptive use, or
number of partners).
20. HOW IS THE CONTENT OF A
STUDENT’S SEX EDUCATION DECIDED?
Many factors help shape the content of a student’s sex education. These include:
◦ State and federal funding the school district receives
◦ State laws and standards regarding sex education
◦ School district level policies and/or standards regarding curricula and content
◦ The program or curriculum a district or individual school selects
◦ The individual(s) who delivers the program.
◦ With thousands of school districts around the nation, students’ experiences can vary drastically
from district to district and school to school.
21. HOW CAN I WORK FOR
COMPREHENSIVE SEXUAL HEALTH
EDUCATION FOR STUDENTS IN MY
COMMUNITY?
22. There are a number of ways to help ensure that students get the
information they need to live healthy lives, build healthy relationships, and
take personal responsibility for their health and well being.
◦ There are a number of ways to help ensure that students get the information they need to live
healthy lives, build healthy relationships, and take personal responsibility for their health and
well being.
◦ Urge your Members of Congress to support the Real Education for Healthy Youth Act, in person,
by phone, or online.
◦ Contact your school board and urge them to adopt the National Sexuality Education Standards
and require comprehensive sexual health programs.
◦ Join a School Health Advisory Council in your area – both young people and adults are eligible
to serve on most.
◦ Organize within your community – a group of individuals, or a coalition of like-minded
organizations – to do one or all of the above.
23. Young people have the right to lead healthy lives. As
they develop, we want them to take more and more
control of their lives so that as they get older, they can
make important life decisions on their own.
24. The balance between responsibility and rights is critical
because it sets behavioral expectations and builds
trust while providing young people with the
knowledge, ability, and comfort to manage their sexual
health throughout life in a thoughtful, empowered and
responsible way. But responsibility is a two-way street.
Society needs to provide young people with honest,
age-appropriate information they need to live healthy
lives, and build healthy relationships, and young
people need to take personal responsibility for their
health and well being.
25. Advocates must also work to dismantle barriers to
sexual health, including poverty and lack of access to
health care.
26. Sex education, when done right, can transform
people’s lives and society at large. Quality sex
education taught by trained educators covers a wide
range of topics, including relationships, decision
making, condom negotiation, gender identity, body
image, birth control, and sexually transmitted
infections (STIs). When people receive quality sex
education, they explore their values and beliefs about
sex and relationships while also gaining skills to
navigate relationships and manage their own sexual
health.
