Session 5A

1. Session 5A

2. Who are the clients in OT?
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3. Intervention Plan
Development
Implementation
of Intervention
Implementation
Review
Occupational Therapy Intervention
Developed with
client input
Based on selected
theories, frames of
reference, and
evidence.
Ongoing actions
taken to influence
and support
improved client
performance and
participation
Guide actions in
the treatment
phase.
Includes outcome
goals
Directed at
identified
outcomes
Client’s response is
monitored and
documented
Data collected
during intervention
is analyzed in terms
of progress made
towards targeted
outcome goals
Adjustments to the
plan are made as
indicated

4. The OTPF identifies five general approaches to
providing intervention in OT:
»Create
»Establish
»Maintain
»Modify
»Prevent
OT Intervention

5. OT Intervention Approaches: Create
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A Parenting Class

6. OT Intervention Approaches: Establish
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7. Intervention Approaches: Maintain
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8. Intervention Approaches: Modify
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9. OT Intervention Approaches: Prevent
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10. • Occupation – client-direct daily life activity
• Task - basic units of behavior and are the
simplest form of an action
• Activity - a general class of human actions that
are goal directed in nature
Intervention in Occupational Therapy:
Activity versus Task

12. Purposeful
Activity
Functional
Activity
More and more, “other health care providers will also be using tasks and activities
taken from real life … We can’t keep others away from using it, but we can dominate it
with our skill and expertise!” (Davis, 2011, p. 2)

13. • Therapeutic use of occupations and
activities
• Consultation
• Education
• Therapeutic use of self
Types of Interventions in OT
The goal of OT is to support clients in engaging in occupations
they find meaningful. This goal is accomplished in a variety of
ways in the OT intervention process:

15. Types of Interventions:
Preparatory Activities
Sensory inputTherapeutic exercise

16. Types of Interventions:
Preparatory Activities
OrthoticsPhysical agent modalities (PAMs)

17. Types of Interventions: Consultation
• A type of intervention in
which knowledge and
expertise is used to
provide information to
and to support others
through –
– Identifying the problem
– Generating possible
solutions
– Adapting the task,
materials, or environment
as needed
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18. Types of Interventions: Education
Imparting knowledge to
the client or caregiver
about an occupation or a
product/strategy that
supports occupation

19. Types of Interventions:
Therapeutic Use of Self
The therapeutic use of self involves awareness of oneself, including how one
communicates and relates to others, as well as one’s ability to empathize and
to use active listening skills as part of the role played in supporting a client.
A Look
Ahead

21. Areas of
Occupation
Client Factors Performance
Skills
Performance
Patterns
Context &
Environment
Activity
Demands
ADLs Values, Beliefs,
& Spirituality
Motor Skills Habits Cultural Relevance &
Importance to
Client
iADLs Body Functions Process Skills Routines Personal Objects Used &
Their Properties
Rest & Sleep Body Structures Social Interaction
Skills
Rituals Temporal Space Demands
Education Roles Virtual Social Demands
Work Physical Sequencing &
Timing
Play Required Actions
& Performance
Skills
Leisure Required Body
Functions
Social
Participation
Required Body
Structures
Domain of Occupational Therapy

22. Activity Demands:
Relevance and importance to the client

23. • Objects and their properties – the tools,
materials, and equipment used in the process
of carrying out the activity
• Space demands – the physical environment
requirements of the activity
Activity Demands

24. • Social Demands - social environment and
cultural contexts that may be required by the
activity
• Sequence and Timing – the process used to
carry out the activity.
Activity Demands

25. Required actions and performance skills:
– The usual skills that would be required by any
performer to carry out the activity – these are an
inherent part of the specific activity
– Performance skills include motor, process, and
social interaction
Activity Demands

26. Required body functions:
– Physiological functions of body systems (including
physiological functions) required to support the
actions used to perform the activity
Required body structures:
– Anatomical parts of the body such as organs,
limbs, and their components that are required to
perform the activity
Activity Demands

27. A technique used as part of OT intervention to modify
an activity, the method of performing the task, or the
environment in which the task is to be performed
OT Intervention:
Adapting and Grading an Activity
Goal: to provide the just right challenge for the client
GradingAdapting
A Look
Ahead

28. a) To better identify the frequency and the
manner in which performance skills and
occupations are integrated into clients’ lives.
b) To increase compliance and participation in
clients with brain injury
c) To comply with the requirements of insurance
companies
d) All of the above
Which of the following explains why it is important
for an OT to consider a client’s performance patterns
in planning for and providing intervention?

29. Gary is a 43 year-old man who sustained a spinal cord
injury a year ago when he fell from a ladder when
working as a roofer. Gary is now living at home again
with his wife and children and is working with a home
health OT to learn to operate a customized computer
system using a head-controlled switch.
Which type of approach is being used in the OT
intervention below?
a. Create
b. Maintain
c. Modify
d. Prevent

31. • American Occupational Therapy Association. (2014). Occupational therapy practice
framework: Domain and process (3rd ed.). American Journal of Occupational
Therapy, 68(Suppl. 1), S1—S48.
• American Occupational Therapy Association. (2004). The philosophical base of
occupational therapy. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 49, 1026.
• American Occupational Therapy Association (1993). Position paper: Purposeful
activity. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 47(12), 1081.
• Clifford O’Brien, J. & Hussey, S. M. (2012). Introduction to Occupational Therapy
(4th ed). St. Louis, MO: Elsevier Mosby, Inc.
• Moyers PA, Dale L: The Guide to Occupational Therapy Practice,(2nd ed).
Bethesda, 2006, American Occupational Therapy Association.
• Punwar, A., & Peloquin, S. (2000). Occupational therapy: Principles and practice
(3rd ed). Baltimore, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
• Skubik-Peplaski C, Paris C, Boyle CD, et al. (2009). Applying the Occupational
Therapy Practice Framework: The Cardinal Hill Occupational Participation
Process (2nd ed.). Bethesda, MD: American Occupational Therapy Association.
References