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SERVİKAL VERTEBRA
YARALANMALARI
Hazırlayan: Arş. Gör. Dr. Onur ZENGİN
Sunum akışı
• Vertebra anatomisi
• Vertebra stabilitesi
• Servikal vertebra yaralanmaları
• Komplikasyonlar
Anatomi
Vertebra Stabilitesi
Epidemiyoloji
Fizik muayene
Servikal Vertebra Yaralanmaları
Atlas (Jefferson) Kırığı
Odontoid Kırığı
Hangman Kırığı (Travmatik C2
Spondilolistezis)
Alt Servikal Yaralanmaları (C3 ve altı)
Komplikasyonlar
Spinal Kord Yaralanmaları
Spinal Kord Yaralanmalarında Tedavi
Motorlu taşıt kazaları esnasında, önden yada arkadan çarpmalar
sonucu, baş ve boyun ani olarak öne veya arkaya hareket eder. Ani fren
yapmalarda da bu durumlar olabilir. Ciddi yaralanma ile sonuçlanmayan trafik
kazalarının en az %20 sinde kazadan sonra boyun, omuzlar, kollar ve başa
yayılan ağrılar olur.
Röntgen, kırık ve instabilite olup olmadığını görmek için gereklidir.
Bilgisayarlı tomografi veya MR çoğu hastada gereklidir. Kazadan hemen sonra
boyun yumuşak bir korse ile korselenir. İlk 24 saatte soğuk uygulama yapılır.
Hastanın uzun dönem rehabilitasyonunda izometrik boyun egzersizleri yapılır.
Bazı hastalarda cerrahi tedavi metodları gerekebilir (füzyon, laminektomi,
diskektomi vs. gibi)
Romatoid Artrit – Servikal vertebra
• Tüm RA’lı hastalarda servikal omurganın etkilenme oranı % 25-80’dir.
• Servikal tutulum tipik olarak hastalığın erken dönemlerinde başlar, periferal
hastalık aktivitesine bağlı olarak prognozu devam eder. Hastalık artiküler
kartilajda kayıp, kemik erozyonu, bağlarda zayıflık, gevşeme ve yıkım gibi ciddi
patolojik değişikliklere neden olur.
• Oksiput-C1 ve C1-C2 eklemleri tamamen sinovyal eklem olduğu için üst
servikal bölge daha fazla etkilenir.
• RA servikal omurgada 3 değişik tipte instabiliteye neden olur.
• Atlantoaksiyal subluksasyonlar tüm servikal subluksasyonlar arasında % 65
oranında ve en çok görülen instabilite tipidir. En fazla anteriora olmakla birlikte
lateral ve nadir olarak rotasyonel yönlü olabilir
• Atlantoaksiyal impaction, odontoidin süperiora migrasyonu olarakta
adlandırılabilir, servikal omurgada oluşan ikinci büyük deformite veya
instabilitedir. C1-Oksiput ve C1-C2 arasındaki erozyondan kaynaklanır.
• Subaksiyal subluksasyonlar ise hastaların %15’inde, servikal omurgada birçok
seviyede gözlemlenebilir.
Teşekkürler…

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servikal vertebra yaralanmaları. ve tedavipptx

  • 2. Sunum akışı • Vertebra anatomisi • Vertebra stabilitesi • Servikal vertebra yaralanmaları • Komplikasyonlar
  • 4.
  • 6.
  • 7.
  • 8.
  • 14. Hangman Kırığı (Travmatik C2 Spondilolistezis)
  • 16.
  • 17.
  • 18.
  • 19.
  • 22.
  • 24. Motorlu taşıt kazaları esnasında, önden yada arkadan çarpmalar sonucu, baş ve boyun ani olarak öne veya arkaya hareket eder. Ani fren yapmalarda da bu durumlar olabilir. Ciddi yaralanma ile sonuçlanmayan trafik kazalarının en az %20 sinde kazadan sonra boyun, omuzlar, kollar ve başa yayılan ağrılar olur. Röntgen, kırık ve instabilite olup olmadığını görmek için gereklidir. Bilgisayarlı tomografi veya MR çoğu hastada gereklidir. Kazadan hemen sonra boyun yumuşak bir korse ile korselenir. İlk 24 saatte soğuk uygulama yapılır. Hastanın uzun dönem rehabilitasyonunda izometrik boyun egzersizleri yapılır. Bazı hastalarda cerrahi tedavi metodları gerekebilir (füzyon, laminektomi, diskektomi vs. gibi)
  • 25. Romatoid Artrit – Servikal vertebra • Tüm RA’lı hastalarda servikal omurganın etkilenme oranı % 25-80’dir. • Servikal tutulum tipik olarak hastalığın erken dönemlerinde başlar, periferal hastalık aktivitesine bağlı olarak prognozu devam eder. Hastalık artiküler kartilajda kayıp, kemik erozyonu, bağlarda zayıflık, gevşeme ve yıkım gibi ciddi patolojik değişikliklere neden olur. • Oksiput-C1 ve C1-C2 eklemleri tamamen sinovyal eklem olduğu için üst servikal bölge daha fazla etkilenir. • RA servikal omurgada 3 değişik tipte instabiliteye neden olur. • Atlantoaksiyal subluksasyonlar tüm servikal subluksasyonlar arasında % 65 oranında ve en çok görülen instabilite tipidir. En fazla anteriora olmakla birlikte lateral ve nadir olarak rotasyonel yönlü olabilir • Atlantoaksiyal impaction, odontoidin süperiora migrasyonu olarakta adlandırılabilir, servikal omurgada oluşan ikinci büyük deformite veya instabilitedir. C1-Oksiput ve C1-C2 arasındaki erozyondan kaynaklanır. • Subaksiyal subluksasyonlar ise hastaların %15’inde, servikal omurgada birçok seviyede gözlemlenebilir.