Service Provider Models using the NBN
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Talk for Commsday Congress Melbourne 2013 (9th October 2013). A talk about business models other than the Internet could be established based on the NBN.
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Service Provider Models using the NBN
- 1. COMMSDAY CONGRESS MELBOURNE 2013 Skeeve Stevens SERVICE PROVIDER MODELS Founder & Chief Architect, eintellego Networks USING THE NBN SKEEVE STEVENS
- 2. COMMSDAY CONGRESS MELBOURNE 2013 Skeeve StevensSkeeve Stevens Service Provider Models Using The NBN • A little background about me/us • What this talk was supposed to be about • Service Provider Models and technologies that are possible with the NBN INTRODUCTION
- 3. COMMSDAY CONGRESS MELBOURNE 2013 Skeeve StevensSkeeve Stevens Service Provider Models Using The NBN • Okay, it’s been a bit political • How I see the NBN • Is the NBN going to change under a coalition government? • Technology is changing • It’s not all about the Interwebs THE STORY SO FAR
- 4. COMMSDAY CONGRESS MELBOURNE 2013 Skeeve StevensSkeeve Stevens Service Provider Models Using The NBN FTTH vs FTTN
- 5. COMMSDAY CONGRESS MELBOURNE 2013 Skeeve StevensSkeeve Stevens Service Provider Models Using The NBN • Okay, it’s been a bit political • How I see the NBN • Is the NBN going to change under a coalition government? • Technology is changing • It’s not all about the Interwebs THE STORY SO FAR
- 6. COMMSDAY CONGRESS MELBOURNE 2013 Skeeve StevensSkeeve Stevens Service Provider Models Using The NBN • A big issue early on (and still is) was what the NBN is what it can be used for • Private Networks is the killer app (IMHO) • But, it really only works on FTTH (4 DATA + 2 VOICE) • Do we care about voice? Nana doesn’t • Upstream speeds enable - everything NOT JUST INTERWEBS
- 7. COMMSDAY CONGRESS MELBOURNE 2013 Skeeve StevensSkeeve Stevens Service Provider Models Using The NBN • Entertainment • Playstation, Xbox or other private Gaming networks • Video & Audio. Live concerts or Cinema at home • Peer-to-peer television • Government public service networks • Law Enforcement • Elections • Corporate Teleworking • Increase workforce by enabling hundreds of thousand of at-home parents, the disabled, or distance affected • Cloud computing/Online Backup – Personal and Business PRIVATE NETWORKS
- 8. COMMSDAY CONGRESS MELBOURNE 2013 Skeeve StevensSkeeve Stevens Service Provider Models Using The NBN • Education – so many potential platforms and ideas • Manufacturing/Retail Sectors • Medical - eHealth (billion$ problem) • Aging at home; Community Health • Extending the reach of experts • Efficiency (example) • Business As A Service • Practice Management • Accounting, Legal, Medical, etc PRIVATE NETWORKS
- 9. COMMSDAY CONGRESS MELBOURNE 2013 Skeeve StevensSkeeve Stevens Service Provider Models Using The NBN • Many other concepts which require high security • Smart Metering • Remote Security (Government, Commercial, Private (home)) • Home automation – now available to the mass market • Upstream speeds enable many of these technologies PRIVATE NETWORKS
- 10. COMMSDAY CONGRESS MELBOURNE 2013 Skeeve StevensSkeeve Stevens Service Provider Models Using The NBN • Communication – Social Media Butterflies • Changing at a rapid pace • The video re(evolution) • Collaboration • OTT sucks. Speed, Quality, Security issues • Internet is actually a barrier to many technologies OK DONT FORGET INTERWEBS
- 11. COMMSDAY CONGRESS MELBOURNE 2013 Skeeve StevensSkeeve Stevens Service Provider Models Using The NBN New Markets Software ChromeOS Search Earth Maps/StreetView Android Google+ Business Solutions Google Apps Adwords/SEO Search Appliances Entertainment Music, Movies TV, Apps Others to come Television - trying Wearable Accessories Internet Access Google Hardware Mobile Phones iGlass Up to 5Mbps download, 1Mbps upload speed • No data caps • Free service guaranteed for at least 7 years • Includes Network Box $300 construction fee (one time or 12 monthly payments of $25) + taxes and fees A REAL NBN
- 12. COMMSDAY CONGRESS MELBOURNE 2013 Skeeve StevensSkeeve Stevens Service Provider Models Using The NBN New Markets Portable MusicComputers Mobile Phones Entertainment Music Movies TV Others to come Television? Wearable Accessories Internet Access? Apple Computer Internet + TV + Music + Movies + Apps + Software + Hardware NEW PLAYERS?
- 13. COMMSDAY CONGRESS MELBOURNE 2013 Skeeve StevensSkeeve Stevens Service Provider Models Using The NBN New Markets Fuel Mobile Services Supermarkets Groceries Clothing Credit Cards Credit & Prepaid Insurance Home, Contents, Car Others to come Internet Access? Health? Coles/Woolworths Internet NEW PLAYERS?
- 14. COMMSDAY CONGRESS MELBOURNE 2013 Skeeve StevensSkeeve Stevens Service Provider Models Using The NBN NICHE/ MICRO NICHE Focus Industry Ethnic Finance Education Mining Food Media Real Estate Entertainmen t Sports Aged Care Age Religio n Legal Construction Engineering NGO Energy Government Italian Chinese Greek Korean Germa n Arabic Hobbie s Others?
- 15. COMMSDAY CONGRESS MELBOURNE 2013 Skeeve StevensSkeeve Stevens Service Provider Models Using The NBN WHOLESALE SERVICES Where do I get it? BigAir Telstra NBNCo Wholesale Providers Highway 1 aka ZettaNet Exetel Optus AAPT Vocus Nextgen TPG/Pipe iiNet WIP Megaport M2 Group iseek NTT Examples FirstPath Simtronic RWTS Inabox Many others Cirrus Uecomm ispONE Many others Kogan Aldi
- 16. COMMSDAY CONGRESS MELBOURNE 2013 Skeeve StevensSkeeve Stevens Service Provider Models Using The NBN • So many possible business opportunities • Global Small Business (Priestly) or Micro Multinationals (Bayliss) • A lot of it wont happen without fast networks @ home and the office • OTT sucks… FTTH makes more sense from an innovation perspective. What will we do with FTTN that we couldn’t already do? IN SUMMARY
- 17. COMMSDAY CONGRESS MELBOURNE 2013 Skeeve Stevens Service Provider Models Using The NBN THANK YOU eintellegonetworks.com skeeve@eintellegonetworks.com @eintellego @skeevestevens @theispguy /eintellegonetworks TM The Experts Who The Experts Call™ theispguy.com /theispguy
- 18. COMMSDAY CONGRESS MELBOURNE 2013 Skeeve StevensSkeeve Stevens Service Provider Models Using The NBN
Editor's Notes
- This talk is about two things.Why being an small to medium ISP is still viable in Australia today. This section will include some commentary about consolidation of the industry, diversification, market niche’s, the wholesale spaceAlso, I will be giving an overview of my forthcoming book ‘So, you want to be an ISP?’
- BACKGROUND DISAPPEARINGBased on the numbers from a variety of sources (some information in following slides), most information is suggesting that smaller ISPs are disappearing.I am not sure about this as I just think that many of them are very invisible to the market.My thoughts on this are that for many years, that most pico to small ISPs are run by hobbyists… people with a niche interest whose skills didn’t necessary extend to business acumen. I’ve personally seen dozens of ISPs go under due to bad management.There are a lot of changes happening in the Service Provider space technology wise… 10Gb, IPv6 and the depletion of IPv4 have meant a lot of the network are worthless and non-upgradable. Faster services made networks designed for modem throughputs bear great strain.Customers are also very easily portable, so worth very little to most potential buyers. I’ve been involved in deals where the seller has ended up owing the buyer money.CHANGEInfrastructure and Technology such as NBN and 4G, governments and policy, the world – such as change being affected by social media. It is an exciting time to be in this sector and I believe the next couple of years is going to see massive change for Service ProvidersDIVERSIFYINGTo clarify, I do not consider selling ‘other’ ‘telecommunications products’ as diversification. Home/business phone, 1300, 1800, mobile, IPTV, etc.I don’t believe many ISPs have diversified much at all. Even Telstra doesn’t do too much beyond Telecommunications.Dodo is an interesting stand out in the marketplace with significant other offerings other than telecommunication products. We will look at them as an example in a momentBut what about the other way…. What is happening, and what COULD be happening. Diversification is happening significantly in some other markets. We will look at a couple of examples of that happening.Opportunities for Niche PlayersI believe there are significant opportunities for niche players to build solid business models.When you boil it down, Telstra’s target market is westernised 18-35 year olds. They go for the largest mass of the market body, which works well for someone of their size.But it does however mean they can’t easily and effectively tailor their offerings to particular market segments. This is where the niche player can make a difference.So. I have a lot of information in this presentation, much of which I won’t spend a lot of time on, but is there for background information. So let’s go.
- BACKGROUND DISAPPEARINGBased on the numbers from a variety of sources (some information in following slides), most information is suggesting that smaller ISPs are disappearing.I am not sure about this as I just think that many of them are very invisible to the market.My thoughts on this are that for many years, that most pico to small ISPs are run by hobbyists… people with a niche interest whose skills didn’t necessary extend to business acumen. I’ve personally seen dozens of ISPs go under due to bad management.There are a lot of changes happening in the Service Provider space technology wise… 10Gb, IPv6 and the depletion of IPv4 have meant a lot of the network are worthless and non-upgradable. Faster services made networks designed for modem throughputs bear great strain.Customers are also very easily portable, so worth very little to most potential buyers. I’ve been involved in deals where the seller has ended up owing the buyer money.CHANGEInfrastructure and Technology such as NBN and 4G, governments and policy, the world – such as change being affected by social media. It is an exciting time to be in this sector and I believe the next couple of years is going to see massive change for Service ProvidersDIVERSIFYINGTo clarify, I do not consider selling ‘other’ ‘telecommunications products’ as diversification. Home/business phone, 1300, 1800, mobile, IPTV, etc.I don’t believe many ISPs have diversified much at all. Even Telstra doesn’t do too much beyond Telecommunications.Dodo is an interesting stand out in the marketplace with significant other offerings other than telecommunication products. We will look at them as an example in a momentBut what about the other way…. What is happening, and what COULD be happening. Diversification is happening significantly in some other markets. We will look at a couple of examples of that happening.Opportunities for Niche PlayersI believe there are significant opportunities for niche players to build solid business models.When you boil it down, Telstra’s target market is westernised 18-35 year olds. They go for the largest mass of the market body, which works well for someone of their size.But it does however mean they can’t easily and effectively tailor their offerings to particular market segments. This is where the niche player can make a difference.So. I have a lot of information in this presentation, much of which I won’t spend a lot of time on, but is there for background information. So let’s go.
- BACKGROUND DISAPPEARINGBased on the numbers from a variety of sources (some information in following slides), most information is suggesting that smaller ISPs are disappearing.I am not sure about this as I just think that many of them are very invisible to the market.My thoughts on this are that for many years, that most pico to small ISPs are run by hobbyists… people with a niche interest whose skills didn’t necessary extend to business acumen. I’ve personally seen dozens of ISPs go under due to bad management.There are a lot of changes happening in the Service Provider space technology wise… 10Gb, IPv6 and the depletion of IPv4 have meant a lot of the network are worthless and non-upgradable. Faster services made networks designed for modem throughputs bear great strain.Customers are also very easily portable, so worth very little to most potential buyers. I’ve been involved in deals where the seller has ended up owing the buyer money.CHANGEInfrastructure and Technology such as NBN and 4G, governments and policy, the world – such as change being affected by social media. It is an exciting time to be in this sector and I believe the next couple of years is going to see massive change for Service ProvidersDIVERSIFYINGTo clarify, I do not consider selling ‘other’ ‘telecommunications products’ as diversification. Home/business phone, 1300, 1800, mobile, IPTV, etc.I don’t believe many ISPs have diversified much at all. Even Telstra doesn’t do too much beyond Telecommunications.Dodo is an interesting stand out in the marketplace with significant other offerings other than telecommunication products. We will look at them as an example in a momentBut what about the other way…. What is happening, and what COULD be happening. Diversification is happening significantly in some other markets. We will look at a couple of examples of that happening.Opportunities for Niche PlayersI believe there are significant opportunities for niche players to build solid business models.When you boil it down, Telstra’s target market is westernised 18-35 year olds. They go for the largest mass of the market body, which works well for someone of their size.But it does however mean they can’t easily and effectively tailor their offerings to particular market segments. This is where the niche player can make a difference.So. I have a lot of information in this presentation, much of which I won’t spend a lot of time on, but is there for background information. So let’s go.
- BACKGROUND DISAPPEARINGBased on the numbers from a variety of sources (some information in following slides), most information is suggesting that smaller ISPs are disappearing.I am not sure about this as I just think that many of them are very invisible to the market.My thoughts on this are that for many years, that most pico to small ISPs are run by hobbyists… people with a niche interest whose skills didn’t necessary extend to business acumen. I’ve personally seen dozens of ISPs go under due to bad management.There are a lot of changes happening in the Service Provider space technology wise… 10Gb, IPv6 and the depletion of IPv4 have meant a lot of the network are worthless and non-upgradable. Faster services made networks designed for modem throughputs bear great strain.Customers are also very easily portable, so worth very little to most potential buyers. I’ve been involved in deals where the seller has ended up owing the buyer money.CHANGEInfrastructure and Technology such as NBN and 4G, governments and policy, the world – such as change being affected by social media. It is an exciting time to be in this sector and I believe the next couple of years is going to see massive change for Service ProvidersDIVERSIFYINGTo clarify, I do not consider selling ‘other’ ‘telecommunications products’ as diversification. Home/business phone, 1300, 1800, mobile, IPTV, etc.I don’t believe many ISPs have diversified much at all. Even Telstra doesn’t do too much beyond Telecommunications.Dodo is an interesting stand out in the marketplace with significant other offerings other than telecommunication products. We will look at them as an example in a momentBut what about the other way…. What is happening, and what COULD be happening. Diversification is happening significantly in some other markets. We will look at a couple of examples of that happening.Opportunities for Niche PlayersI believe there are significant opportunities for niche players to build solid business models.When you boil it down, Telstra’s target market is westernised 18-35 year olds. They go for the largest mass of the market body, which works well for someone of their size.But it does however mean they can’t easily and effectively tailor their offerings to particular market segments. This is where the niche player can make a difference.So. I have a lot of information in this presentation, much of which I won’t spend a lot of time on, but is there for background information. So let’s go.
- BACKGROUND DISAPPEARINGBased on the numbers from a variety of sources (some information in following slides), most information is suggesting that smaller ISPs are disappearing.I am not sure about this as I just think that many of them are very invisible to the market.My thoughts on this are that for many years, that most pico to small ISPs are run by hobbyists… people with a niche interest whose skills didn’t necessary extend to business acumen. I’ve personally seen dozens of ISPs go under due to bad management.There are a lot of changes happening in the Service Provider space technology wise… 10Gb, IPv6 and the depletion of IPv4 have meant a lot of the network are worthless and non-upgradable. Faster services made networks designed for modem throughputs bear great strain.Customers are also very easily portable, so worth very little to most potential buyers. I’ve been involved in deals where the seller has ended up owing the buyer money.CHANGEInfrastructure and Technology such as NBN and 4G, governments and policy, the world – such as change being affected by social media. It is an exciting time to be in this sector and I believe the next couple of years is going to see massive change for Service ProvidersDIVERSIFYINGTo clarify, I do not consider selling ‘other’ ‘telecommunications products’ as diversification. Home/business phone, 1300, 1800, mobile, IPTV, etc.I don’t believe many ISPs have diversified much at all. Even Telstra doesn’t do too much beyond Telecommunications.Dodo is an interesting stand out in the marketplace with significant other offerings other than telecommunication products. We will look at them as an example in a momentBut what about the other way…. What is happening, and what COULD be happening. Diversification is happening significantly in some other markets. We will look at a couple of examples of that happening.Opportunities for Niche PlayersI believe there are significant opportunities for niche players to build solid business models.When you boil it down, Telstra’s target market is westernised 18-35 year olds. They go for the largest mass of the market body, which works well for someone of their size.But it does however mean they can’t easily and effectively tailor their offerings to particular market segments. This is where the niche player can make a difference.So. I have a lot of information in this presentation, much of which I won’t spend a lot of time on, but is there for background information. So let’s go.
- BACKGROUND DISAPPEARINGBased on the numbers from a variety of sources (some information in following slides), most information is suggesting that smaller ISPs are disappearing.I am not sure about this as I just think that many of them are very invisible to the market.My thoughts on this are that for many years, that most pico to small ISPs are run by hobbyists… people with a niche interest whose skills didn’t necessary extend to business acumen. I’ve personally seen dozens of ISPs go under due to bad management.There are a lot of changes happening in the Service Provider space technology wise… 10Gb, IPv6 and the depletion of IPv4 have meant a lot of the network are worthless and non-upgradable. Faster services made networks designed for modem throughputs bear great strain.Customers are also very easily portable, so worth very little to most potential buyers. I’ve been involved in deals where the seller has ended up owing the buyer money.CHANGEInfrastructure and Technology such as NBN and 4G, governments and policy, the world – such as change being affected by social media. It is an exciting time to be in this sector and I believe the next couple of years is going to see massive change for Service ProvidersDIVERSIFYINGTo clarify, I do not consider selling ‘other’ ‘telecommunications products’ as diversification. Home/business phone, 1300, 1800, mobile, IPTV, etc.I don’t believe many ISPs have diversified much at all. Even Telstra doesn’t do too much beyond Telecommunications.Dodo is an interesting stand out in the marketplace with significant other offerings other than telecommunication products. We will look at them as an example in a momentBut what about the other way…. What is happening, and what COULD be happening. Diversification is happening significantly in some other markets. We will look at a couple of examples of that happening.Opportunities for Niche PlayersI believe there are significant opportunities for niche players to build solid business models.When you boil it down, Telstra’s target market is westernised 18-35 year olds. They go for the largest mass of the market body, which works well for someone of their size.But it does however mean they can’t easily and effectively tailor their offerings to particular market segments. This is where the niche player can make a difference.So. I have a lot of information in this presentation, much of which I won’t spend a lot of time on, but is there for background information. So let’s go.
- BACKGROUND DISAPPEARINGBased on the numbers from a variety of sources (some information in following slides), most information is suggesting that smaller ISPs are disappearing.I am not sure about this as I just think that many of them are very invisible to the market.My thoughts on this are that for many years, that most pico to small ISPs are run by hobbyists… people with a niche interest whose skills didn’t necessary extend to business acumen. I’ve personally seen dozens of ISPs go under due to bad management.There are a lot of changes happening in the Service Provider space technology wise… 10Gb, IPv6 and the depletion of IPv4 have meant a lot of the network are worthless and non-upgradable. Faster services made networks designed for modem throughputs bear great strain.Customers are also very easily portable, so worth very little to most potential buyers. I’ve been involved in deals where the seller has ended up owing the buyer money.CHANGEInfrastructure and Technology such as NBN and 4G, governments and policy, the world – such as change being affected by social media. It is an exciting time to be in this sector and I believe the next couple of years is going to see massive change for Service ProvidersDIVERSIFYINGTo clarify, I do not consider selling ‘other’ ‘telecommunications products’ as diversification. Home/business phone, 1300, 1800, mobile, IPTV, etc.I don’t believe many ISPs have diversified much at all. Even Telstra doesn’t do too much beyond Telecommunications.Dodo is an interesting stand out in the marketplace with significant other offerings other than telecommunication products. We will look at them as an example in a momentBut what about the other way…. What is happening, and what COULD be happening. Diversification is happening significantly in some other markets. We will look at a couple of examples of that happening.Opportunities for Niche PlayersI believe there are significant opportunities for niche players to build solid business models.When you boil it down, Telstra’s target market is westernised 18-35 year olds. They go for the largest mass of the market body, which works well for someone of their size.But it does however mean they can’t easily and effectively tailor their offerings to particular market segments. This is where the niche player can make a difference.So. I have a lot of information in this presentation, much of which I won’t spend a lot of time on, but is there for background information. So let’s go.
- BACKGROUND DISAPPEARINGBased on the numbers from a variety of sources (some information in following slides), most information is suggesting that smaller ISPs are disappearing.I am not sure about this as I just think that many of them are very invisible to the market.My thoughts on this are that for many years, that most pico to small ISPs are run by hobbyists… people with a niche interest whose skills didn’t necessary extend to business acumen. I’ve personally seen dozens of ISPs go under due to bad management.There are a lot of changes happening in the Service Provider space technology wise… 10Gb, IPv6 and the depletion of IPv4 have meant a lot of the network are worthless and non-upgradable. Faster services made networks designed for modem throughputs bear great strain.Customers are also very easily portable, so worth very little to most potential buyers. I’ve been involved in deals where the seller has ended up owing the buyer money.CHANGEInfrastructure and Technology such as NBN and 4G, governments and policy, the world – such as change being affected by social media. It is an exciting time to be in this sector and I believe the next couple of years is going to see massive change for Service ProvidersDIVERSIFYINGTo clarify, I do not consider selling ‘other’ ‘telecommunications products’ as diversification. Home/business phone, 1300, 1800, mobile, IPTV, etc.I don’t believe many ISPs have diversified much at all. Even Telstra doesn’t do too much beyond Telecommunications.Dodo is an interesting stand out in the marketplace with significant other offerings other than telecommunication products. We will look at them as an example in a momentBut what about the other way…. What is happening, and what COULD be happening. Diversification is happening significantly in some other markets. We will look at a couple of examples of that happening.Opportunities for Niche PlayersI believe there are significant opportunities for niche players to build solid business models.When you boil it down, Telstra’s target market is westernised 18-35 year olds. They go for the largest mass of the market body, which works well for someone of their size.But it does however mean they can’t easily and effectively tailor their offerings to particular market segments. This is where the niche player can make a difference.So. I have a lot of information in this presentation, much of which I won’t spend a lot of time on, but is there for background information. So let’s go.
- Note.. This is apparently a 1Gb symmetrical service – up and down. Clearly the technology exists to deliver this sort of facility… Kinda makes the NBN look pale in comparison.
- I’m going to predict that if Apple gets into the ISP space, that traditional ISPs are in serious trouble – even Optus and Telstra.They would be the only ISP that people have an emotional attachment to… unlike our current Service Providers where the only emotion experienced is anger when things don’t work… the rest of the time we don’t give them a thought.
- Coles and Woolworths we all know are on a massive branding and OEM exercise. From Bread and Milk, to Petrol stations, banking and finance, insurance services.They took a run at wanting to open Pharmacies inside their stores, but the Pharmacy Guild convinced the government not to allow it.I was in a Coles the other day in Epping Sydney and saw several isles converted to a clothing section.So… they’ve re-branded all these other products…. What about Internet?Could ‘this’ happen? Why not? If Kogan can do Mobile (via ispONE), whats to stop Coles, Woolies, maybe others – JB HI-FI, Harris Technology, Harvey Norman and so on, becoming Virtual ISPs – even selling modems and accessories in-store.Woolworths – the Internet PeopleColes NBN
- Industry examples.In Australia in 2011, 36% of people speak a language other than english at home. That is nearly 8 million people.Religions – Christian, Muslim, Jews, Bhuddists, etc. I was told yesterday about an ISP that serves Exclusive Brethren and has strict filtering and other requirements.Age – Pre-teen, Teen, Seniors, RetireesSex – Male, Female, Gay, even IndustryHobbies – Sports, etcOthers – Safety, Disability, Teleworking, Call centres, Specific Serviceshttp://profile.id.com.au/australia/language
- This is not an exhaustive list… just what I know about. There are also a significant number of subsidiaries of these listed that offer wholesale as well.Now, These are my definitions:Tier 1 – exclusively use their own infrastructure and don’t sell othersTier 2 – Use their own, and partners with othersTier 3 – Don’t use any of their own
- BACKGROUND DISAPPEARINGBased on the numbers from a variety of sources (some information in following slides), most information is suggesting that smaller ISPs are disappearing.I am not sure about this as I just think that many of them are very invisible to the market.My thoughts on this are that for many years, that most pico to small ISPs are run by hobbyists… people with a niche interest whose skills didn’t necessary extend to business acumen. I’ve personally seen dozens of ISPs go under due to bad management.There are a lot of changes happening in the Service Provider space technology wise… 10Gb, IPv6 and the depletion of IPv4 have meant a lot of the network are worthless and non-upgradable. Faster services made networks designed for modem throughputs bear great strain.Customers are also very easily portable, so worth very little to most potential buyers. I’ve been involved in deals where the seller has ended up owing the buyer money.CHANGEInfrastructure and Technology such as NBN and 4G, governments and policy, the world – such as change being affected by social media. It is an exciting time to be in this sector and I believe the next couple of years is going to see massive change for Service ProvidersDIVERSIFYINGTo clarify, I do not consider selling ‘other’ ‘telecommunications products’ as diversification. Home/business phone, 1300, 1800, mobile, IPTV, etc.I don’t believe many ISPs have diversified much at all. Even Telstra doesn’t do too much beyond Telecommunications.Dodo is an interesting stand out in the marketplace with significant other offerings other than telecommunication products. We will look at them as an example in a momentBut what about the other way…. What is happening, and what COULD be happening. Diversification is happening significantly in some other markets. We will look at a couple of examples of that happening.Opportunities for Niche PlayersI believe there are significant opportunities for niche players to build solid business models.When you boil it down, Telstra’s target market is westernised 18-35 year olds. They go for the largest mass of the market body, which works well for someone of their size.But it does however mean they can’t easily and effectively tailor their offerings to particular market segments. This is where the niche player can make a difference.So. I have a lot of information in this presentation, much of which I won’t spend a lot of time on, but is there for background information. So let’s go.