1. I R R I G A T I O N
NaanDan Jain Greenhouse
Manual
for a greener generation

2. Contents
Introduction 3
1. Green House
A. Over-head irrigation 4
- Irrigation for bench cultivation 5
- Full coverage irrigation 6-7
- Irrigation for plant propagation systems 8-9
- Irrigation in plastic tunnels 10-11
B. Drip systems 12-15
- Irrigation in a soil-less culture 16-17
- Irrigation in a traditional soil culture 18-19
- Irrigation in potted plants. 20-21
- Combined drip & micro-sprinkler 22
2. Nurseries
- Sprinklers irrigation 23-27
4. Climate control 28-30
5. Pesticides spray system 31-33
6. Technical & hydraulics information 34-35
7. Accessories 36-38
2

3. Introduction
Cultivation of vegetables and flowers under protected (greenhouse)
conditions has emerged as a major alternative to growers in recent years.
The greenhouse method ensures a constant, year-round supply of high
quality produce for the modern farmer whilst overcoming many of the
obstacles imposed by adverse climatic conditions and water and land
shortage.
Greenhouse cultivation allows farmers to control most of the production
parameters, optimizing land use and yield distribution during the growing
season. The many advantages of greenhouse cultivation offers, constitute
an incentive for farmers all over the world to invest in greenhouse projects.
Irrigation and fertilization are the most important production factors in
modern greenhouses, where production is based on soilless medium, as
well as in natural soil.
Growing on soilless culture (substrates) provides the advantage of
continuous control over water and nutrient quantities applied and the
ability to flush growing media within the water cycle.
NaanDan Jain Irrigation possess decades of experience in development
and manufacturing of a wide range of irrigation technologies for all types
of crops under diverse growing methods.
The accelerated development in greenhouse technologies has led the
company to develop a special product line for greenhouse irrigation,
climate-control (including humidity and temperature regulation), and for
the application of chemicals by spraying.
The material in this manual is based on the experience and technological
knowledge that has been accumulated by NaanDan over the years. The
material here in can be used in the design and establishment of irrigation,
climate control and other systems in greenhouses, nurseries and net-
houses.
This manual is intended for dealers, designers and irrigation consultants
and covers a wide range of applications and technologies for
greenhouses and nurseries, focusing on user-friendly applications.
NaanDan Jain offers an extensive range of irrigation technologies, only
part of which is presented here. Please contact your local representative
or NaanDan Jain's technical department for further information.
3

4. There are four alternative irrigation modes for greenhouses,
each targets a specific application
- Irrigation for bench cultivation
- Total coverage irrigation in multi-span greenhouses.
- Plant propagation systems
- Irrigation in plastic tunnels.
4

5. Bench irrigation
Modular micro-sprinklers and sprayers
The selection chart is designed to quantify the functions of bench width, flow-rate, installation
height, effective watering percentage, and the coefficient uniformity (CU) percentage.
Calculations in the chart are based on 1.0 m sprinkler spacing along the pipe.
The sprinkler selection chart represents an attempt to simplify a complicated
decision making process while at the same time presenting alternatives.
The 1.0 m sprinkler spacing, on which the chart is based, has been found to achieve optimum
results by balancing cost, CU, and the optimal percentage of water falling within the design
area.
In our calculations, precedence has been given to the CU.
Recent advances in specialized greenhouse irrigation products and
The side by side layout using the
computer modeling have contributed to creating an optimized sprinkler anti-mist device achieved maximal
layout specifically designed for greenhouse application. uniformity at specific wetted strip.
By creating a highly uniform irrigated strip, benches and bays can now be
irrigated in a single line while controlling the proportion of water falling onto the bench,
to a highly uniform distribution rate.
Precipitation rates can be preset either high or low, dependant on the specific requirements
of the grower.
Modular sprinkler selection Chart
Nozzle Colour Bench width (m)
+ Anti-mist
Green - 40 l/hr
1.0 1.5 1.8 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5
Yellow flat Black round Green inverted rotor Hight Precipitation
Orange - 70 l/hr
Yellow - 90 l/hr above rate
Blue - 120 l/hr crop cm Low/High
precipitation 27.2 30.0 29.2 25.7 15.1 14.0 60
rate 22.0 28.0 27.2 24.0 11.7 18.4 12.3 11.7 11.6 13.9 13.6 120 Low
(mm/hr) 10.0 10.2 9.9 11.6 10.9 11.1 13.4 13.5 12.7 180
52.2 43.8 42.5 24.4 19.1 17.8 60
40.0 21.6 21.9 21.8 20.1 19.2 19.4 18.5 18.4 120 High
20.0 20.4 20.5 20.2 17.8 17.8 17.2 17.2 17.0 180
Percentage of 68% 64% 75% 92% 86% 90% 60
water in bench 55% 60% 70% 86% 88% 92% 70% 75% 83% 85% 91% 120 Low
% 63% 77% 87% 66% 70% 79% 82% 90% 92% 180
58% 73% 85% 87% 85% 89% 60
60% 60% 73% 85% 67% 72% 81% 85% 92% 120 High
56% 68% 80% 90% 67% 74% 79% 86% 92% 180
Coefficient of 75 94 94 86 93 91 60
uniformiity 96 96 94 85 93 88 95 95 93 94 91 120 Low
(CU%) 94 93 88 93 93 93 96 94 89 180
95 95 93 89 93 92 60
96 91 91 89 95 95 95 95 93 120 High
93 90 89 88 94 94 94 93 92 180
(Based on a 1.0 m sprinkler spacing)
Choosing your sprinkler:
1. Determine the width of the area that you want to irrigate. In most cases the width will determine the sprinkler type
2. Decide if you want to apply water at a high or low application rate.
3. Determine the height at which you want to hang the sprinkler, whilst ascertaining the desired precipitation of water to
fall on the bench and the width of the band to be irrigated.
4. The above three choices will determine the appropriate nozzle and anti-mist color.
In some cases, a particular factor, such as the percentage of water in the bench, may determine the other variables such
as application rate and sprinkler height.
5

6. Total coverage irrigation system
Suitable for irrigation of an entire block where crops are grown in a single
stage, on-soil, dense plant configuration.
New
Green Spin
Recommended working pressure: 2.0 - 3.0 bar
Installation height above crop level: 1.8 m
Minimum height: 1.2 m
Filtration: 35 - 70 l/hr nozzle - 120 mesh, 130µ
105 - 200 l/hr nozzle - 80 mesh, 100µ
Flow rates and wetted diameters
Nozzle Flow rate Wetted
colour (l/hr) diameter*
at 2.0 bar (m)
Brown 43 6.5
Grey 70 7.0
Green 105 7.5
Orange 120 7.5
Black 160 8.5
Blue 200 9.0
* Tested at 1.8 m above ground
GreenSpin performance table
2.0 bar and 1.8 m height
Precipitation rates (mm/hr) and uniformity (CU%) at various spacings
Distance between laterals (m) 3.0 4.0 5.0
Distance between heads (m) 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0
Nozzle color
Brown 43 l/hr 14.4 9.6 7.2 5.8 4.8
Grey 70 l/hr 23.4 15.6 11.7 9.4 7.8 17.6 11.7 8.8 7.0 5.9
Green 105 l/hr 35.0 23.3 17.5 14.0 11.7 26.3 17.5 13.1 10.5 8.8 21.0 14.0 10.5 8.4 7.0
Orange 120 l/hr 40.0 26.7 20.0 16.0 13.3 30.0 20.0 15.0 12.0 10.0 24.0 16.0 12.0 9.6 8.0
Black 160 l/hr 53.4 35.6 26.7 21.4 17.8 40.1 26.7 20.0 16.0 13.4 32.0 21.4 16.0 12.8 10.7
Blue 200 l/hr 66.6 44.4 33.3 26.6 22.2 50.0 33.3 25.0 20.0 16.7 40.0 26.6 20.0 16.0 13.3
Colour code - Distribution uniformity
CU = 85-89% - fair
CU = 90-92% - good
CU > 93% - excellent
6

7. Extra-wide spacing
Utilizing a Modular Inverted sprinkler
•Low precipitation rate irrigation
•Suitable for greenhouse conditions where large areas are irrigated
simultaneously and low precipitation is required.
•Spacing up to 6.0 m
•Recommended working pressure: 2.0-3.0 bar
•Filtration requirements: 80 mesh, 200 µ
Modular Group
Extra-spacing Modular sprinkler
Green swivel at 2.0 bar pressure & 1.8 m height
Precipitation rates (mm/hr) and uniformity (CU%) at various spacings (m)
Distance between laterals (m) 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0
Distance between heads (m) 3.0 3.5 4.0 5.0 6.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 5.0 6.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 5.0 6.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 5.0 6.0
Nozzle colour
Green 105 l/hr 11.7 9.9 8.7 7.0 8.7 7.4 6.5 5.3 6.9 5.9 5.2 4.2
Orange 120 l/hr 13.3 11.4 10.0 8.0 10.0 8.6 7.5 6.0 8.0 6.9 6.0 4.8
Black 160 l/hr 17.8 15.2 13.3 10.7 8.9 13.3 11.4 10.0 8.0 6.7 10.7 9.1 8.0 6.4 5.3 8.9 7.6 6.7 5.3 4.4
Blue 200 l/hr 22.2 19.0 16.7 13.3 11.1 16.7 14.3 12.5 10.0 8.3 13.3 11.4 10.0 8.0 6.7 11.1 9.5 8.3 6.7 5.6
Colour code - Distribution uniformity
CU = 85-89% - fair
CU = 90-92% - good
CU > 93% - excellent
7

8. Propagation systems
There are two product ranges for propagating seeds and cuttings:
Green Mist
The double-purpose system for humidity control and irrigation of
plant propagation benches.
Its optimal droplet size prevents drift.
Fogger (Cross model) 4/7 tube
Where extra fine droplet size (90 µ) and wider spacing are required. & stabilizer
Range of flow rates for different precipitation rates.
butterfly
Fogger System LPD (high pressure)
Recommended pressure: 4.0 bar
Minimum installation height: 1.0 m
Max. spacing between units on lateral: 1.2 m
Max. spacing between lateral: 1.2 m 4 Foggers
Max. distance of lateral from bench edge: 0.2 m installed
Multiple flow rates: 7.0 (standard), 14, 21 and 28 l/hr on a cross
Filteration requirements: 120 mesh,130 µ manifold
Fogger Flow rate
Colour Pressure Flow rate
(bar) (l/hr)
Blue 4.0 7.0 x 4
Orange 4.0 14.0 x 4
1.2 m
Red 4.0 21.0 x 4
Black 4.0 28.0 x 4
m
1.2
8

9. Green Mist double purpose emitter
Technical data:
Operating pressure: 2 - 4 bar
Wetted diameter: 1.2 m
Filtration requirements: 120 mesh,130 µ
Installation instructions:
Height of units above bench: 1.0 - 1.2 m
Maximum spacing between units on lateral: 1.0 m
Maximum spacing between laterals: 1.0 m
Maximum distance of lateral from bench edge: 0.2 m m
. 1.0 Max. 1.0 m
Max
Flow vs. pressure
Pressure (bar) 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0
Flow (l/hr) 32 35 38 41 44
Min. 1.0 m
Pipe size table
Lateral length vs. spacing & pipe diameter
Unit PVC pipe* PE class 4
spacing ø 16 ø 20 ø 25 ø 16 ø 20 ø 25
(m) ID 13.6 ID 17.4 ID 23.5 ID 13.2 ID 17.0 ID 21.2
0.7 20 30 51 19 29 43
0.8 22 33 56 20 32 46
1.0 25 38 66 23 37 54
* A wall thickness of at least 2.0 mm is recommended to enable proper thread.
With rubber gromet installation a minimall class 6 pipe is recommended.
Light penetration & alga - Select the right material & dark color to avoid alga development. Schematic layout of PVC installation
Pulse operation and water consumption
The quantity of water required for propagation can vary according to many factors such as:
• Plant varieties
• Stage of development
• Temperature
• Humidity
• Substrate material used
The table can be used as a guideline for recommended nett precipitation rates for various pulse ratios.
Pulse duration of 4.0-6.0 seconds is commonly used.
Precipitation rate l/hr/m2 for various spacing & pulses
Nozzle Pressure Flow rate
0.8 x 0.8 m 1.0 x 1.0 m 1.2 x 1.2 m
bar l/hr 1:10** 1:15 1:20 1:10 1:15 1:20 1:10 1:15 1:20
Fogger Cross
Blue* 7.0 4.0 28.0 2.8 1.9 1.4 1.9 1.3 1.0
Orange
4.0 56.0 5.6 3.7 2.8 3.9 2.6 1.9
14.0
Green Mist
3.0 38.0 5.9 4.0 3.0 3.8 2.5 1.9
* Standard nozzle
** On: Off pulse ratio
9

10. Tunnels
Selecting micro-sprinklers and planning their spacing
A number of factors determine selection of the right solution:
• Tunnel width
• Required precipitation rate
• Uniformity level
• Watering efficiency (percentage of water in tunnel)
• Installation height
Performance table for Inverted Modular sprinkler:
An optimal solution can be provided for every tunnel width, allowing maximum water pattern uniformity and highly
efficient utilization of water resources by combining factors of sprinkler spacing and installation height
Amalgamating the features of nozzle & Anti-mist (A.M) in this application will ensures highly accurate irrigation.
Tunnel Modular Inverted Sprinkler Height Lateral spacing Flow rate Precipitation CU Effective
width (m) Swivel Nozzle Anti-mist spacing (cm) (cm) (m) (l/hr) (mm/hr) (%) watering (%)
3m small black green green 100 120 single 40 12.0 91 90
4m inverted green green green 100 120 single 40 8.0 93 80
5m inverted green green green 50 180 single 40 14.6 95 91
6m inverted green blue blue 100 120 single 120 19.0 93 95
7m small black yellow orange 100 180 3.6 70 19.0 91 95
8m small black blue yellow 100 180 4.5 90 20.4 96 91
9m small black blue blue 100 180 4.7 120 24.0 88 90
10 m inverted green green green 100 180 5.2 40 7.4 93 92
11 m inverted green orange orange 100 180 6.0 70 11.5 93 90
12 m inverted green blue blue 100 180 6.5 120 18.0 92 90
High precipitation rates
Allow irrigation over a shorter time scale and
causes reduced humidity,
causing plants to stay dry longer.
Dry walls
Achieved using NaanDan's unique combination
of nozzle and anti-mist, provides an ideal
solution to this traditional greenhouse irrigation
problem.
10

11. Tunnels Guideline
The first & last sprinklers on any line should be positioned as close as possible to the end of the line or about
1.0 m from the tunnel edge.
Example
1. Inverted rotor for tunnels up to 6.0 m wide
1.0 m 1.0 m 1.0 m 1.0 m
6m
1.8m
6m Xm
2. Inverted sprinkler for tunnels, 7.0 to 12.0 m wide
1.0 m 1.0 m 1.0 m 1.0 m
4.5 m 1.75 m
8m
1.8 m
1.75 m
8m Xm
3. 2.0 m of blind irrigation pipe should be retained after the last sprinkler on the line to allow any servicing.
elbow coupling
tightening string
2.0 m extension
11

12. Drip irrigation
A wide range of integral drip laterals and button drippers
Integral dripper selection
NaanPC NaanTIF NaanRON Top Star
Diameter (nominal) 16 16 16 16 17
0.30,0.35,0.65
Wall thickness (mm) 1.0 0.9, 1.0, 1.15 0.9 0.9 10, 13, 25 mil
Minimal dripper spacing 20 20 15 15 15
(cm)
Main application The solution A durable, long- Economical New 1.0 l/hr A thin-walled
for longer lasting product for universal cascade cascade
laterals under for a universal applications. labyrinth labyrinth
close dripper variety of dripper dripper,
spacings or applications. allowing low-
difficult flow and dense
topographical dripper
conditions. spacings.
NaanPC 16 mm
Lateral head losses (m) in relation to
length (m) & dripper spacing (cm)
NaanPC 16 / 1.6 (black)
Leteral length Dripper spacing (cm)
m 15 20 30 40 50 60
High-tech pressure compensating dripline
20 0.6 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0
Pressure regulating range: 0.5 bar to 4.0 bar 40 4.5 2.0 0.7 0.3 0.2 0.1
Recommended working pressure: 1.0 to 3.5 bar 60 15.2 6.8 2.3 1.1 0.7 0.4
80 16.3 5.4 2.5 1.5 0.9
100 10.6 5.0 3.0 1.8
120 18.2 8.5 5.1 3.1
Resilient diaphragma 140 13.5 8.0 4.9
160 11.9 7.3
180 16.9 10.3
200 14.2
NaanPC 16 / 2.1 (blue)
Leteral length Dripper spacing (cm)
m
15 20 30 40 50 60
20 1.0 0.4 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0
40 7.8 3.5 1.2 0.6 0.3 0.2
60 26.7 11.8 4.0 1.9 1.1 0.7
80 28.2 9.3 4.4 2.5 1.6
100 18.2 8.5 4.8 3.1
120 14.7 8.3 5.4
140 23.3 13.1 8.4
160 19.6 12.4
180 17.8
12

13. NaanTIF 16 mm
Multi-seasonal, extra-durable dripline Flow (l/hr) vs pressure (bar)*
Pressure Flow rate (l/hr)
Available at three models: 0.9, 1.0, 1.15 mm wall thickness
bar 16 - 1.0 16 - 2.0 16 - 3.0
Recommended working pressure: 1.0 to 3.0 bar
Recommended filtration: 16/1 - 150 mesh, 100 micron 0.5 0.90 1.50 2.00
16/2, 16/3 - 120 mesh, 130 micron 1.0 1.40 2.20 3.00
1.5 1.80 2.70 3.70
2.0 2.00 3.20 4.40
2.5 2.30 3.60 4.90
3.0 2.50 4.00 5.40
a 0.408 0.636 0.873
x 0.5350 0.5391 0.5362
* For 16 mm w.t. 0.9,1.0 mm
Maximum lateral length (m) on flat ground at 10% flow variations
Dripper spacing (cm)
20 30 40 50 60 75 100
NaanTIF 16-1 69 90 109 126 142 164 198
NaanTIF 16-2 52 67 81 94 106 122 147
NaanTIF 16-3 42 55 66 77 86 100 120
NaanRON 16 mm
Economical multi-seasonal dripline
Flow (l/hr) vs pressure (bar)
Recommended working pressure: 0.5 a 3.0 bar Flow rate (l/hr)
Filtration requirements: 120 mesh Pressure NaanRon 16
bar 2.0 3.0
0.5 1.22 2.17
1.0 1.82 3.15
1.5 2.26 3.88
2.0 2.63 4.50
2.5 2.95 5.04
3.0 3.20 5.54
a 0.5585 0.941
x 0.513 0.522
a = Dripper flow constant,
x = Dripper flow exponent
Maximum lateral length (m) on flat ground at 10%
flow variations
Dripper spacing (cm)
20 30 40 50 60
NaanRon 16-2.0 (black) 58 75 90 105 118
NaanRon 16-3.0 (orange) 42 55 66 76 85
13

14. New
Star
New dripper with Cascade labyrinth designed for 1.0 l/hr.
Thin-walled drip lateral 17 mm.
Available in wall thicknesses of 10, 13 and 25 mil.
The Cascade molded labyrinth vastly improves the dripper's self-cleaning
characteristics.
Applications: vegetables, flowers and other crops requiring low discharge
and tight dripper spacings.
Excellent germination and establishment of seedlings under light soil Dripper flow vs. pressure
conditions with Star's either 15 or 20 cm dripper spacing.
2.5
Blue - Star 10/13
Green - Star 25
2.0
Technical data
Flow rate (l/hr)
Pipe sizes Dripper Wall Dripper Operation Quantity 1.5
spacing thickness nominal pressure per roll
Star OD ID flow-rate
mm mm m mm 1.0 bar bar m 1.0
10 16.4 15.8 0.15-1.0 0.30 1.00 0.4-1.0 2000
13 16.5 15.8 0.15-1.0 0.35 1.00 0.4-1.5 2000
0.5
25 16.9 15.6 0.15-1.0 0.65 1.00 0.4-2.5 1000
CV = coefficient variation ≤ 0.03
0.00
0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5
Pressure (bar)
Flow (l/hr) vs pressure (bar)
Model/Pressure 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5
Star 10 /13 0.67 1.0 1.2
Star 25 0.64 0.95 1.15 1.30 1.45
Star 10/13
Maximum lateral length (m) on flat ground at 10% flow variations
Pressure 1.0 bar
Dripper spacing (cm)
Slope % 15 20 30 40 50 60 75
-2 109 135 185 234 125 109 103
-1 99 122 164 203 241 277 330
0 88 106 139 168 195 220 254
1 75 88 109 125 138 149 162
2 64 72 84 92 98 101 105
Star 25
Maximum lateral length (m) on flat ground at 10% flow variations
Pressure 1.0 bar Pressure 1.5 bar Pressure 2.0 bar
Dripper spacing (cm) Dripper spacing (cm) Dripper spacing (cm)
Slope % 15 20 30 40 50 60 75 15 20 30 40 50 60 75 15 20 30 40 50 60 75
-2 115 142 194 244 126 112 106 111 136 183 227 270 311 373 110 134 178 219 259 297 353
-1 105 128 172 213 252 289 344 104 126 167 205 241 275 325 104 125 165 202 236 269 316
0 97 112 146 176 204 229 266 96 114 148 179 207 233 269 97 116 150 181 209 235 272
1 80 93 114 131 145 156 170 86 101 126 147 165 180 200 90 106 133 156 176 194 218
2 83 76 88 96 102 106 110 77 88 106 120 130 137 146 83 96 117 134 147 158 172
14

15. New
Top
New 1.0 l/hr cascade labyrinth dripper,
Multi-seasonal, economical, 16 mm widths.
The dripper's cascade molded labyrinth design improves self-cleaning
characteristics.
Applications: vegetables, flowers and other crops requiring low
discharge rates and tight dripper spacings.
Excellent germination and establishment of seedlings under light
soil conditions achieved by taking advantage of Top's either
15 or 20 cm dripper spacing.
Technical data
Pipe sizes Dripper Wall Dripper Operation Quantity
spacing thickness nominal pressure per roll
TopOD ID flow-rate
mm mm m mm 1.0 bar bar m
15.7 13.9 0.15-1.0 0.9 1.2 0.5-3.0 500
CV = coefficient variation ≤ 0.03
Maximum lateral length (m) on flat ground at 10% flow variations
Pressure 1.0 bar Pressure 1.5 bar Pressure 2.0 bar
Dripper spacing (cm) Dripper spacing (cm) Dripper spacing (cm)
Slope % 15 20 30 40 50 60 75 15 20 30 40 50 60 75 15 20 30 40 50 60 75
-3 82 102 141 178 79 103 71 79 98 133 165 197 228 273 78 96 128 159 189 217 258
-2 77 96 130 162 194 224 269 76 93 125 154 183 210 249 75 92 122 150 177 203 240
-1 72 89 118 146 172 197 233 72 88 116 143 168 191 224 72 88 116 141 165 188 220
0 66 80 105 127 147 166 192 68 82 107 129 149 168 195 69 83 108 130 151 170 197
1 60 71 88 104 116 127 140 63 75 95 112 128 140 158 65 78 99 118 134 149 168
2 53 62 74 83 90 95 101 58 69 85 97 108 116 127 62 73 91 106 118 129 143
3 48 54 62 67 71 73 76 54 62 75 84 91 96 102 58 68 83 94 104 112 121
Flow (l/hr) vs pressure (bar)
Flow rate 1.0 l/hr
Model/Pressure 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0
Top 16 0.82 1.2 1.40 1.65 1.83 2.00
Dripper flow vs. pressure
2.5
2.0
Flow rate (l/hr)
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0
Pressure (bar)
15

16. Drip system applications
A. Soilless culture
In general, irrigation of soilless culture requires frequent irrigation of the
shallow substrate (between 10-20 cm).
There are two conventional methods of cultivation in soilless culture:
Bedding
Drip system for growing vegetables and flowers on beds:
Product selection and design criteria for drip system
• Dripper discharge: 1.0, 1.6, 2.0 l/hr (PC or regular)
• Dripper spacing: 15 - 30 cm (according to plant spacing or when a
continuous wetted strip is required)
• Lateral diameter: Either 16 or 17 mm
• Number of laterals: 1 per row or 1 per 2 rows for dense cultivation of
flowers and herbs
• As the number of laterals increase and the dripper spacing decreases,
a lower discharge dripper is selected to maintain low precipitation rate.
Narrow bed Wide bed
Either 4 or 6 rows
2 rows 2 or 3 drip laterals
2 drip laterals Example: herbs, lettuce, carnation
Example: roses, tomatoes etc.
16

17. Rockwool systems and substrate sleeves and bags
Principal methods
1. Button dripper with singles outlet (or 2 outlets for sleeves)
2. Dripper spacing: one dripper per plant
3. CNL is recommended for system that operate more than 4 times a day
4. Integrated dripper line (Naan PC or NaanTIF) can be used to irrigate large
pots or bags in commercial nursery applications.
Rockwool method
Substrate sleeves
Growing in bags with integrate
dripline
17

18. B. Drip system on soil
Dripper selection & spacing
The flow chart should be regarded as a general guide.
Other considerations should be taken into account
such as water requirement, and source capacity.
Topography & area size/
geometry
Small greenhouse Slopes and/or long lines
& flat ground
Non PC Dripper PC dripper
Row spacing
Row spacing High density
above 30 cm < 30 cm
One lateral per row 1.0 - 2.0 l/hr One lateral per 1.6, 2.1 l/hr
dripper two rows dripper
Cost consideration
Non PC PC
Short term Long term Long term NaanTIF
low flow low flow wide range of flow PC 1.6, 2.1 l/hr
STAR TOP NaanTIF
Final consideration:
Ascertain the precipitation rate of the selected drip system.
For values exceeding 10 mm/hr a minimum irrigation dose of 2.0 mm should be taken into account. (20 m3/ha)
18

19. Design considerations and practical advice
1. With intense drip irrigation system (closely spaced laterals and drippers) try to select
low dripper flow at low pressure, to minimize the precipitation rate.
2. A drainage slope of 1-2% is normal in a greenhouse.
The drip lateral should be positioned to run from the high point to the low point*.
The sub-main should be placed at the highest point accordingly.
(*In direct contradiction to what has became regarded as the traditional method of positioning
the sub-main lines in greenhouses)
Drip lateral on downward slope (-1%)
slope -1%
3. Sub mains and ends of lateral dripper lines should be situated to be easily accessible for flushing
drip lateral
endline
string alignment
flushing valve or reduced
diameter pipe 25 mm
Drip design table for selected crops
Flowers Vegetables
Roses Carnations Pepper Tomato Lettuce Cucumber
Dripper flow 1.0 - 2.0 1.0 , 1.6 1.0 - 2.0 1.0 - 2.0 1.0 - 2.0 1.0 - 2.0
rate (l/hr)
Dripper spacing 20 - 30 15 - 20 30 30 20 40
(cm)
Laterals per 1:1 1:2 1:1 1:2 1:2 1:1
or
row
1:2
19

20. Potted plants irrigation
ClickTIF
PC & CNL Button dripper PC PC CNL PC, PC CNL Colour code
Performance and technical data PC+CNL - Light brown housing
• Nominal discharge: 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 8.0 l/h PC - Black housing
• Regulating pressure range: 5 - 40 m 2.0 l/hr - Brown cover
• CV less than 4% 3.0 l/hr - Blue cover
• Anti-drainage: 4.0 l/hr - Black cover
- Opening pressure: 4.0 m 8.0 l/hr - Green cover
- Closing pressure: 2.0 m
Maximum lateral length (m) on flat ground at 10% flow Accesories
variations
Lateral diameter: ø 16 -ID-13.6 ø 20 -ID-17.4
Dripper Dripper spacing (cm)
P
discharge l/hr m 30 40 50 75 100 30 40 50 75 100
2.0 15 95 120 143 193 237 140 172 202 268 326
Brown 20 101 127 151 204 250 171 211 247 328 399
25 114 144 171 231 285 186 230 271 359 436 2 or 4 outlets with
30 122 153 182 247 304 206 255 300 398 484 labyrinth stakes
3.0 15 77 96 114 154 188 126 157 184 244 296
Blue 20 88 110 132 176 217 146 182 213 280 342
25 97 122 145 195 240 162 200 235 313 380
30 105 132 157 212 260 176 217 255 340 410
4.0 15 58 68 81 108 132 97 112 131 174 211
3/5 PVC or PE tube
Black 20 72 84 100 135 167 121 140 165 218 265
with stabilizer stake
25 82 95 114 154 191 140 161 189 251 306
30 88 103 123 167 205 150 172 203 269 328
8.0 15 37 44 52 71 86 63 72 86 113 138
Green 20 45 52 63 85 104 76 88 103 137 166
25 51 59 70 95 117 85 98 116 155 188
30 55 64 77 104 128 93 108 127 169 205 stabilizer drop-guide labyrinth labyrinth
Minimum pressure at lateral edge 5.0 m stake stake stake, stake,
elbow straight
Connectors for
3/5 tube
Multi outlet installation
Allow for a minimum of 1.0 l/hr minimum
flow-rate per single stake.
For example:
To irrigate 4 pots with a single dripper specify
a dripper with a flow rate of 4.0 l/hr.
To irrigate 2 potted plants with a single dripper:
specify either a 2, 3 or 4 l/hr dripper.
N.B.
On level ground with even 3/5 tube length and
elevation, flow may be reduced to below the
critical minimum flow rate of 1 l/hr.
However, any minor differences in elevation
of ±5.0 cm can result in a diversification in
flow.
20

21. ClikTif button drippper applications
Single outlet with stabilizer 2-4 outlets with
stake / drop guide stake labyrinth stake
Nominal flow rate l/hr 2 2.0, 3.0, 4.0 or 8.0
Flow rate per outlet l/hr 2 0.5**, 0.75**, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0
Dripper spacing Flexible Flexible
CNL*- Non leaking model + +
Main applications Hanging baskets, potted plants, rockwool Potted plants and hanging baskets
blocks, bags and substrate sleeves
* CNL drippers are required for systems that operate under a pulse irrigation
**Please refer to the supplement on page 20 (N.B).
Hanging pot Substrate sleeve
3/5 tube
Single outlet Adaptor 5 mm Rockwool blocks
21

22. Combined drip and micro-sprinkler system
Dual-purpose system allowing optimal solutions for either soil or soilless
culture applllications.
Inverted Micro-sprinklers
Should be applied in
• Preparation of soil before planting/sowing
• Primary irrigation during the establishment stage of seedlings or young plants
• Cooling of young plants during the hot season Suspended stand
Modular inverted green swivel giving between 70-200 l/hr flow rate
Conventional spacing is 4 x 4.0 m
Drip system Fast-n-fast
Drip irrigation should be initiated a few weeks after primary micro- LPD 4/7
sprinkler irrigation, at the end of the establishment stage and when the Colour coded nozzle
root system has sufficiently spread to be within the dripper radius.
Wetted diameter (m) at 2.0 bars
Inverted swivel
Nozzle Nozzle ø Flow
colour mm rate Height(m)
(l/hr) 0.6 0 1.80
Grey 1.16 70 5.5 6.5
Green 1.41 105 6.5 8.0
Orange 1.50 120 7.0 8.5
Yellow 1.73 160 7.5 9.0
Blue 1.92 200 8.0 9.0
22

23. Sprinklers for nurseries
Selection of sprinklers model
Based on optimal needs of nurseries (for high level of distribution uniformity taking into account windy
conditions).
2005 501-U 502-H Super 10 5022-U
AquaMaster
Spacing (m) 3-5 4-6 6-8 8 - 10 8 - 10
Flow rate (l/hr) 70 - 200 160 - 290 260 - 350 360 - 700 360 - 720
Recommended 1.5 - 3.0 2.0 - 3.5 2.0 - 3.5 2.5 - 4.0 2.5 - 4.0
pressure (bar)
Relative advantage Low Effective Effective Sealed Effective
pressure irrigation irrigation mechanism irrigation even
and cost even under even under No external under reduced
effective reduced reduced moving parts. pressure
pressure pressure
Flow regulator Higher
optional precipitation
rate for
shorter
irrigation
cycles.
Sprinkler discharge (l/hr) - comparison Sprinkler spacing (m) - comparison
1200 12
1000 10
800 8
600 6
400 4
200 2
0 0
5022-U Super 10 502-H 501-U 2005 5022-U Super 10 502-H 501-U 2005
23

24. 2005 AquaMaster
• Insect-proof nozzle
• Large droplets
• Operating pressure: 1.5 to 3.0 bar
• Filtration requirement: 80 mesh, 200µ
Flow rates and wetted diameters (m)
Nozzle 1.5 bar 2.0 bar 2.5 bar
colour l/hr D (m) l/hr D (m) l/hr D (m)
Grey 61 8.5 70 9.0 78 8.5
Green 91 9.0 105 9.5 117 10.0
Orange 104 9.5 120 9.5 134 10.0
Black 139 10.5 160 10.5 179 11.0
1.0 m, 6 mm rod (stand)
Blue 173 11.5 200 11.5 224 11.5
Tested at 0.6 m height 1.0 m 5/8 or
7/10 tube*
Irrigation uniformity
Nozzle
Swivel Nozzle Q ID Precipitation (mm/h) spacing (m)
colour l/hr mm 3x3 4x4 5x5 6x6 M conn.
Blue Gray 70 1.14 7.8 4.4 2.8 F conn.
Green 105 1.40 11.7 6.6 4.2 Plug
Green Orange 120 1.50 13.3 7.5 4.8 3.3
Black 160 1.74 17.8 10.0 6.4 4.4
Blue 200 1.94 22.2 12.5 8.0 5.6
Comes in 5/8, 7/10 sizes
Tested at 0.6 m height and 2.0 bar pressure
Colour code - Distribution uniformity
CU = 85-88%
CU = 89-92%
CU > 93%
* For nozzle above 160 l/hr use 7/10 tube
2005 Stand local head loss for 5/8 tube
Discharge (l/hr) 50 100 150 200 250 300
Head loss (m) 0.1 0.9 2.1 3.9 6.0 8.5
24

25. 501-U
Turbo hammer low-volume sprinkler
Excellent water distribution with spacing up to 6.0 m. 1/2" M adaptor
Fine water droplets for delicate irrigation of all crops.
Available on IrriStand 50 or 1/2” riser
5.8 mm galvanized rod 1.0 m
Precipitation (mm/hr) spacing (m)
Nozzle P Q D
mm bar l/hr m 4x6 6x6
1.8* 1.5 138 12.0 5.8 3.8 PE tube 8 mm
1/2” PVC riser
Green 2.0 160 13.0 6.7 4.4
2.5 178 13.5 7.4 4.9
3.0 196 14.0 8.2 5.4
Plug
3.5 212 14.0 8.8 5.9
2.0 2.0 195 14.0 8.1 5.4
Blue 2.5 217 15.0 9.0 6.0
3.0 236 15.5 9.8 6.5
3.5 253 15.5 10.5 7.0
2.0 219 14.0 9.1 6.0 F conn.
2.2 2.5 244 15.5 10.2 6.7
Yellow 3.0 267 16.0 11.1 7.4
3.5 288 16.0 12.0 8.0
* Standard nozzle Quick connector
4 mm drill or punch
Colour code - Distribution uniformity hole
CU = 85-88% CU = 89-92% CU > 93%
502-H
Turbo hammer medium-volume sprinkler
Excellent water distribution with spacing up to 8.0 m. 1/2" F adaptor
Fine water droplets for delicate irrigation of all crops.
Available on IrriStand 52 or 1/2” riser
Precipitation (mm/hr)
spacing (m) PVC tube 13 mm
5.8 mm galvanized rod 1.2 m
Nozzle P Q D
mm bar l/hr m 6x8 8x8 PE tube 12 mm
1/2” PVC riser
2.5 1.5 226 13.0 4.7 3.5
Red 2.0 263 15.0 5.5 4.1
2.5 292 15.5 6.1 4.6
3.0 318 16.5 6.6 5.0
3.5 345 17.0 7.2 5.4
Colour code - Distribution uniformity
M conn.
CU = 85-88% CU = 89-92% CU > 93%
Plug
Max. number of sprinklers on PE lateral (C=140)
Spacing on lateral F conn.
ø Lateral ( mm) (m)
Sprinklers Nozzle Q*
(mm) l/hr O.D I.D 6 7 8
501-U Green 1.8 160 25 21.2 14 13 13
Quick connector
32 27.2 21 20 19
8 mm drill or punch hole
Blue 2.0 195 25 21.2 12 12 11
32 27.2 19 18 17
Yellow 2.2 219 32 27.2 17 16 15
502-H Red 2.5 263 32 27.2 14 14
40 36.8 24 23
The length calculated with 10% flow variation on flat ground
* p=2.0 bar
25

26. Super 10
road protector
Super 10 bayonet nozzles
Ball-driven extra-range 1/2”sprinkler
Compact sturdy closed and protected ball engine.
Flow regulator (optional). High water distribution with
spacing up to 10 m.
Available on IrriStand 52 or 1/2” riser Super 10
regulated
1/2" F adaptor
Precipitation (mm/hr) spacing (m)
Nozzle P Q D
mm bar l/hr m 8x8 9x9 9x10 10x10
Blue 2.5 360 17.0 5.6 4.4 4.0 3.6
3.0 395 17.0 6.2 4.9 4.4 4.0
8 mm galvanized rod 1.2 m
3.5 425 16.5 6.7 5.2 4.7 4.3 Super 10
4.0 455 16.5 7.1 5.64 5.1 4.6
F.R. 3.0-5.0 335 17.0 5.2 .15. 3.7 3.3 standard
PVC tube 13 mm
Yellow 2.5 450 20.0 7.2 6 5.0 4.5
PE tube 12 mm
3.0 495 20.0 7.7 6.1 5.5 5.0
3.5 530 20.0 8.3 6.5 5.9 5.3
4.0 570 20.0 9.0 7.0 6.3 5.7
F.R. 3.0-5.0 450 20.0 7.0 5.6 5.0 4.5
Green 2.5 550 20.0 8.5 6.8 6.1 5.5
M conn.
3.0 600 20.0 9.4 7.4 6.7 6.0
3.5 650 20.0 10.1 8.0 7.2 6.5
1/2” PVC riser
4.0 695 20.0 10.9 8.6 7.7 7.0
F.R. 3.0-5.0 550 20.0 8.6 6.8 6.1 5.5
plug
Red 2.5 670 21.0 10.5 8.3 7.4 6.7
3.0 735 21.0 11.5 9.1 8.2 7.4
New 3.5 790 21.0 12.3 9.8 8.8 7.9
4.0 850 21.0 13.3 10.5 9.4 8.5
F conn.
F.R. 3.0-5.0 670 21.0 10.5 8.3 7.4 6.7
F.R. = Flow regulated
* For local head losses see table at page 27
Colour code - Distribution uniformity Quick connector
8 mm drill or
CU = 85-88% CU = 89-92% CU > 93%
punch hole
Max. number of sprinklers on PE lateral* (C=140)
Spacing on
ø lateral ( mm) lateral (m)
Sprinkler Nozzle Q**
(mm) l/hr O.D I.D 9 10
Super 10 Blue 370 40 36.8 20 19
50 42.6 25 24
Yellow 450 40 36.8 16 16
50 42.6 21 20
Green 550 40 36.8 15 14
50 42.6 18 18
Red 670 40 36.8 12 11
50 42.6 15 15
63 58.2 27 25
*Calculation made for 10% flow variation on flat ground
** p=2.5 bar
When irrigating with flow regulated sprinklers at 4.5 bar
pressure, further 9 sprinklers can be added to the line.
26

27. 5022-U
5022-U bayonet nozzles
Plastic impact sprinkler
Unique nozzle shape and performance Adaptador + F.R.
(grey)
High water distribution with spacing up to 10 m
Flow regulator (optional).
Available on IrriStand 52 or 1/2” riser housing
1/2"
F adaptor
5022-U Precipitation (mm/hr)
Nozzle P Q D spacing (m) flow
mm bar m3/hr m 9x9 9x10 10x10
regulated
2.4 2.5 0.36 19.0 4.4 4.0 3.6
Yellow 3.0 0.39 19.0 4.8 4.3 3.9
8 mm galvanized rod 1.2 m
3.5 0.43 19.0 5.3 4.8 4.3
4.0 0.46 19.0 5.7 5.1 4.6
F.R 3.0-5.0 0.365 19.0 4.5 4.0 3.6 PVC tube 13 mm
2.3x1.8 2.5 0.525 22.0 6.5 5.8 5.3 PE tube 12 mm
New Silver 3.0 0.580 22.0 7.2 6.4 5.8
3.5 0.620 22.0 7.7 6.9 6.2
4.0 0.670 21.2 8.3 7.4 6.7
M conn.
2.5x1.8 2.5 0.56 21.0 6.9 6.2 5.6
Purple 3.0 0.62 21.0 7.6 6.9 6.2
3.5 0.67 22.0 8.3 7.4 6.7
4.0 0.72 22.0 8.9 8.0 7.2
plug
F.R. 3.0-5.0 0.59 21.0 7.3 6.5 5.9
F.R. = Flow regulated
Colour code - Distribution uniformity F conn.
CU = 85-88% CU = 89-92% CU > 93%
Quick connector 8 mm
drill or punch hole
Max. number of sprinklers on PE lateral* (C=140)
Spacing on lateral
ø Lateral (mm) (m)
Sprinkler Nozzle Q**
(mm) l/hr O.D I.D 9 10
5022-U Yellow 360 40 36.8 19 19
2.4
50 42.6 25 24
Silver 525 40 36.8 15 14
2.3x1.8 50 42.6 22 21
Purple 560 40 36.8 14 13
1/2” PVC riser
2.5x1.8
50 42.6 20 20
*Calculation made for 10% flow variation on flat ground
** p=2.5 bar
When irrigating with flow regulated sprinklers at 4.5 bar
pressure, further 9 sprinklers can be added to the line.
IrriStand 52 local head loss
Discharge (l/h) 390 500 610 740 880
Head loss (m) 1.8 2.5 4.0 5.0 7.0
27

28. Climate Control of Temperature and Humidity in Greenhouses
Climate control in a greenhouse is based on the principle of the exchange
of energy between the air and the fog moisture supplied by the NaanDan
Fogger
Fogger.
One calorie is the amount of heat necessary to raise the temperature of
1 cm3 of water by 1˚C.
The conversion of water from liquid to vapor absorbs heat from the
surrounding air, at a rate of 590 calories/1 gram of evaporated water
(1 cm3). This process lowers the air temperature.
Efficient installation and operation can reduce the temperature in the 4/7 tube & stabilizer
greenhouse by between 4 to 6˚C, depending on the environmental
conditions. Efficiency of the cooling system depends on two environmental
factors:
- External temperature
- External humidity
Essential conditions for efficient cooling with the NaanDan Fogger are:
- An efficient ventilation system which continuously introduces external
dry air into the greenhouse to replace the humid air.
- Pulse operation of the fogging system, to minimize foliage wetting.
High pressure LPD
What is the importance of the droplet size created by the NaanDan
Fogger?
With a nozzle distributing 7 l/hr at a pressure level of 4 bars, the average
fog droplet size is 90 microns. These droplets evaporate with minimal cross
wetting of the plant leaves or greenhouse floor.
Greenhouse structure and fogger system instalation guide line
Roof window Gable ridge
for ventilation Gutter Optional higher
support system for the Fogger
Side curtain
with insect-
protection
screen
Gutter height min. 3.5 m
2.5-3.0 m
Min. 3.0 m
6.0 m 2 lateral
7.5 m 3 lateral
Span width
N.B. Natural ventilation with side curtain & roof window
28

29. Spacing design
Standard conditions:
Natural air circulation: roof vents and side curtains are open, with no fans being operated
Fogger Nozzle Flow rate Spacing Precipitation rate
configuration (l/hr) Between laterals On the line (mm/hr)
T 7.0 x 2 14 3.0 1.5 3.1
cross 7.0 x 4 28 3.0 3.0 3.1
Super Fogger T 6.5 x 2 13 3.0 1.5 2.9
The foggers should be installed in as high as possible, with minimal height being 3.0 m. The nozzles should be situated
perpendicularly to the main line.
Operating pressure: 4.0 bar at the fogger
Super Fogger with integral LPD
How much water is needed to cool a green house
According to our long-term experience, a fog precipitation of 3 to 3.5 mm/hr is suitable in the
majority of cases (3,0 mm/hr = 30 m3/hour/Ha).
Water consumption
(meter cube per hectare per10 hour/day)
Nozzle Model
Net precipitation, l/hr/m2 for various spacing & pulses
l/hr configuration
3.0 x 1.5 m. 3.0 x 3.0 m.
Fogger
1:5* 1:10 1:15 1:5 1:10 1:15
Blue 7.0 x 2 T 0.62 0,31 0.21
Blue 7.0 x 4 cross 0.62 0.31 0.21
Water
consumption 62 31 21 62 31 21
m3/ha/day
(10 hour)
Super Fogger
6.5 x 2 T 0.58 0.29 0.19 *On: Off pulse ratio
Water 58 29 19 Example: ratio 1:5
consumption The system will operate only fifth
of the time so the actual
m3/ha/day(10 hour) precipitation will be only 20%, or
10% for ratio 1:10
29

30. Cooling
The pulse duration should be as short as possible, between 1 to 3 sec. (Under certain conditions, longer durations can be
considered).
The interval between fogging pulses should be based on the factors of humidity, temperature levels, greenhouse ventilation
and height of the foggers.
Initial guide (pulse of 2.0 sec)
Final tunning is recommended to be done according to local conditions
Outside relative humidity (%) Interval (sec.) Replenish moisture (l/ha)
30 15 4100
40 25 2500
50 25 2500
60 30 2100
Cooling and humidifying cannot be conducted simultaneously.
Humidification
In the event that the humidity level needs to be increased then the ventilation system must be shut down. The duration
of the fogging process should be as short as possible (1.0 second).
The intervals between fogging pulses will vary according to the minimal relative humidity required.
During the morning, when temperatures rise and humidity decreases, the humidity sensor will cause the fogging system
to operate.
Determining the interval between fogging pulses
Humidity Interval Duration
30 - 40% 60 seconds 1 second
40 - 50% 90 seconds 1 second
50 - 60% 120 seconds 1 second
Water quality
In order to avoid clogging by carbonates or the accumulation of salt deposits on the leaves, it is recommended to avoid
irrigating with hard or saline water. Rainwater, soft water or osmosis-treated water is the most suitable.
30

31. Pesticide spray system
Fogger System
The Fogger climate-control and pest-control system has been developed
and tested to be operated either independently or in tandem.
This method is cost effective by its savings in labor and by minimizing
the amount of pesticides required.
General
The Fogger system as a method for pest control is suitable for a variety
of crops and conditions as a subsititute for conventional spraying systems.
In densely planted crops, introduction of circulation fans into the
greenhouses may be beneficial.
• The pest-control system must be isolated from the water supply system.
Separate tanks and pumps that are not connected directly to the water
supply source are be used in the pest control system.
• After spraying, pipes must be emptied of all chemical residues.
• Spraying solution concentration must be prepared strictly according to
the manufacturers' recommendations. A wide range of products can be
used, including powders.
• It is recommended to spray in the late afternoon or evening.
The Fogger system has been found to particularly efficient in the
preventative treatment of diseases and pests.
The method
There are two principal spraying methods, both of which are based on
the T Fogger configuration or the new Super Fogger installed at the
perpendicularly to the direction of the rows.
Water discharge is 14.0 l/hr and
spacing is 1.5 x 3.0 m. (1.5 m on
the line, 3.0 between the lines)
Installation height
In the dual-purpose system - climate
control and pest control - the
Foggers should be installed as high
as possible (minimum 3.0 m above
ground).
For targeted spraying systems, the
Foggers should be installed 2.0 m
above low crops (such as roses),
and 1.0 m above the highest
trellising cable in trellised crops (such
as tomatoes and cucumbers).
31

32. Method A: Spraying small and medium plots
In small and medium plots (0.1-1.0 ha), an air compressor is used to
introduce the pesticides into the pipes, and air pressure is used to empty
the pipes after spraying.
N.B
• The pipes volume should be as small as possible, and should not be larger
than the volume of the planned spraying dosage. Accordingly, the plot
size will be 500 - 1,000 m2.
• Fogger laterals are16 mm class 6,. The manifolds and mainlines are
class 6 with the smallest possible diameter.
• The spraying control head is as close as possible to the operation valves.
• The valves are electric plastic either 3/4" or 1".
• The air discharge capacity of the T Fogger is 220 l/hr. About 1,500 liters
of air are required to empty the pipes in an area of 1,000 m2.
Work stages
- Prepare the spraying solution according to recommendations
- Fill the air tank to the planned pressure (the valve to the greenhouse
should be closed)
- Open the valve of the spraying tank. The pesticide solution is forced
into the Foggers.
- End spraying when all the solution has been used or when pressure
drops to 2 bar - closing pressure for LPD (about 2 - 3 minutes for
1,000 m2).
- Continue applying air pressure for one more minute or until all pesticide
residues have been flushed out of the pipes. If the air volume is insufficient,
it may be necessary to refill the tank.
It is recommended to allow the compressor to cool down for a few
minutes between operations.
Pressure tank or
fertilizer tank
32

33. Method B: Spraying large areas
In large greenhouses, where a large number of
operations may be required, a pump should be used
Principles Water tank for cooling
The spraying solution is injected into the pipes by
a booster pump, block by block. The system is Non-
return
flushed with clean water after spraying. The control valve
head for this system is less expensive and operation
is simpler. Conversely, the pump requires to be
Pump Filter
calibrated and a larger amount of spraying material
is used.
Head control structure
The booster pump that injects the pesticides into Tank for spraying solution
the Foggers is connected to two tanks:
- Spray tank with height level gauge
- Clean water tank
Two manual valves, for shutdown and connection, connect the tank to
the booster pump. A small compressor is connected to the junction, with
a non-return valve to flush the residual solution and to empty. the pipes
The spray valves are controlled by 24 VAC switches for manual opening
and closing.
Work stages
- Prepare the total quantity of pesticide required for spraying the whole area. When calculating the required volume, include
the volume of the pipe leading to the Foggers, adding about 50%.
Example:
• Pesticide quantity for 2.0 ha: 2,000 liters
• Volume of 50 mm main line: 600 liters
• Total tank volume required: 2,600 liters plus an additional 5% (according to height/location of the outlet in the tank)
Spray the pesticide by operating the pump. Divide the pesticide dosage for each block into two equal doses. Wait at least
15 minutes between each application to allow the solution to dry and to prevent runoff. It is possible to continue spraying
the other blocks before applying the second half of the dosage.
Sometime the spraying can be in one application. However it’s important to ensure that there’s no run off.
Calculation of spraying duration per dosage
It is recommended to calibrate the system to validate the calculation.
P 60 T - Time in minutes
T= P - Pesticide volume in liters
14N N - Number of Foggers in block
- After spraying, flush the system with as little fresh water as possible. Close the spraying valve and open the valve of the
fresh water tank.
It is very important to adhere to the flushing order.
Flush from the first valve that is closest to the control head, and complete the cycle with the valve situated furthest from
the control head.
- Drain the system until it is completely free of water to prepare for the next spraying session. It is recommended to use a
small compressor.
Caution: Air currents can easily carry the tiny droplets (50-100 microns) through any tear or hole in the greenhouse covering.
These droplets may pollute the outside environment, causing possible harm to people, animals, and even to other plants.
Therefore, to prevent pesticide clouds from escaping to the outside atmosphere, it is essential to ensure that the greenhouse
is completely sealed while operating the Fogger system. It is recommended to fog in the late afternoon or evening.
33

34. Technical and hydraulics information
LPD (Leakage Prevention Device)
Main Features High pressure
• Modular: Fits NaanDan micro-sprinklers and fogger LPD female
• Minimal pressure loss even with high flow rates
• One-stage opening: LPD is either completely opened or
completely closed
• Easy to dismantle for cleaning and maintenance
Two types of LPD are available: Low pressure
• Black: Low pressure LPD for micro-sprinklers LPD female
• Blue: High pressure LPD for Foggers
Pressure loss
Low pressure LPD High pressure LPD
(Inlet pressure 20 m) (Inlet pressure 40 m)
Examples of application:
Flow rate Pressure Flow rate Pressure
l/hr loss l/hr loss
m m
100 0 60 0
120 0.5 80 0.5
140 0.5 100 1.0
160 1.0 120 1.0
180 1.0
200 1.5
220 1.5
Modular inverted swivel
Low pressure LPD 3/8”
Operating pressure
Low pressure LPD high pressure LPD
Opening ~20 m ~35 m
Closure ~10 m ~20 m
2 Fogger on T with
high pressure LPD
34

35. Guideline for pipe selecting
A guideline for selecting pipe size (mainline and manifolds) based on calculation of flow
rate in a given section. We assume an individual pressure control to each section.
Manifold PE (Max. flow rate) Main line ( Max. flow rate)
PE PC Regular P.E class 6 PVC class 6
ø class 4 ø ID dripline dripline ø ø ø int. ø ø int.
ø mm (mm) m3/hr m3/hr (mm) (mm) m3/hr (mm) m3/hr
3/4” 20/4 17.8 1.5 1.0 11/4” 32/6 28.2 4.5 11/4” 28.8 5.5
1” 25/4 21.2 4.0 3.2 11/2” 40/6 35.2 8.0 11/2” 36.2 10.0
11/4” 32/4 27.2 7.5 6.0 2” 50/6 44.0 15.0 2” 45.2 18.0
11/2” 40/4 36.8 13.0 10.0 21/2” 63/6 55.4 25.0 21/2” 59.2 28.0
2” 50/4 46.0 20.0 14.0 3” 75/6 66.0 35.0 3” 70.6 40.0
21/2” 63/4 58.2 25.0 19.0 31/2” 90/6 79.2 45.0 31/2” 84.6 50.0
3” 75/4 69.2 32.0 24.0
Greenhouse 120 x 83 m
16 mm lateral 40 m
24 m 24 m 24 m Manifold 24 m 24 m
Pump
Main line
16 mm lateral 40 m
120 m
35