marine drug and cancer

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2. Marine Anticancer Compounds
Professor: Dr Khirollah and Dr Rashidi
Presented by M. Hatami
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3. Contents
Definition of Marine Drugs
Classification of Marine Drugs.
Molecular Targets of Anticancer Compounds
Derived from Marine Sources
Conclusion
References.
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4. Definition
• Over 70% of the earth's surface is covered by oceans which
contain 95% of the earth's biosphere
• Many different marine organisms have been explored for
bioactive compounds named MNPs
• Some examples of invertebrates are sponges, coelenterates,
tunicates, echinoderms, corals, algae, molluscs and bryozoans.
• The drugs which are obtained from marine organisms
are know as marine drugs
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5. Source of marine drugs
Sponges Tunicates
bryozon algae
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6. Classification of marine drugs
Antibacterial agents
Antiviral agents
Antifungal agents
Antibiotics
Antiprotozoal agents
Anti-inflammatory agents
Anticancer agents
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7. Anticancer agents of marines
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8. Chemical Classification of Marine
Bioactive Compounds
• Alkaloids
• Polyketides
• Terpenes
• Peptides
• Carbohydrates, Glycosides
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9. Alkaloids
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10. Polyketides
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11. Terpenes
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12. Peptides
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13. Drugs in current use originally derived
from marine sources
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14. Algae types and their natural products
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15. Algae natural products
1. Polysaccharide
2. Polyphenols
3. Carotenoids
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16. Type of polysaccharide in Algae
• Ulvan
• Agar
• Carrageenan
• Fucoidan
• Laminarin
• Alginate
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17. Ulvan
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18. Agar
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19. Carrageenan
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Iota

20. Fucoidan
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21. Laminarin
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22. Alginate
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23. Polyphenols
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24. Carotenoids
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25. Mechanism of fucoidan effect on apoptosis
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Cell proliferation
/differntiation

26. Mechanism of Laminarin effect on
apoptosis
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27. Mechanism of Alginate effect on
apoptosis
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Bax,cas3,9
increase

28. Mechanism of Carrageenan effect on
apoptosis
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29. Fucoxanthin and the apoptosis signaling
pathway
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30. Phlorotannin and the apoptosis signaling
pathway
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31. Molecular Targets of Anticancer Compounds
Derived from Marine Sources
• Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 Receptor (IGF-1R)
• Cyclin-Dependent Kinases (CDKs)
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32. Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 Receptor
(IGF-1R) and acetylene alchol
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33. cyclin-dependent kinases and
Hymenialdisine
Hymenialdisine
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34. Conclusion
• Over the last 40 years, there has been an increasing interest in the
identification of novel drugs isolated from natural compounds including
algae
• One of the problems of natural product research is the purification and
identification of the active compound(s)
• Clearly, when potent effects are found, there is a need for further work to
fully purify and characterise the extracts so that activity can be attributed to
a specific class of compounds or a molecule and the mechanism of action
identified
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35. References
1.Song X, Xiong Y, Qi X, Tang W, Dai J, Gu Q, et al. Molecular Targets of Active Anticancer Compounds
Derived from Marine Sources. Marine Drugs. 2018;16(5):175. PubMed PMID: doi:10.3390/md16050175.
2.Murphy C, Hotchkiss S, Worthington J, McKeown SR. The potential of seaweed as a source of drugs for use
in cancer chemotherapy. Journal of Applied Phycology. 2014 October 01;26(5):2211-64.
3.Abatis D, Vagias C, Galanakis D, Norris JN, Moreau D, Roussakis C,Roussis V (2005) Atomarianones A and
B: two cytotoxic meroditerpenes from the brown alga Taonia atomaria. Tetrahedron Lett 46:8525–8529.
4.Ale MT, Maruyama H, Tamauchi H, Mikkelsen JD, Meyer AS (2011a) Fucoidan from Sargassum sp. and
Fucus vesiculosus reduces cell viability of lung carcinoma and melanoma cells in vitro and activates
natural killer cells in mice in vivo. J Biol Macromol 49:331–336.
5.Aravindan S, Delma CR, Thirugnanasambandan SS, Herman TS, Aravindan N (2013) Anti-pancreatic cancer
deliverables from sea: first-hand evidence on the efficacy, molecular targets and mode of action for multifarious
polyphenols from five different brown-algae. PloS One 8:e61977. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0061977
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36. 6.Fedorov S, Ermakova S, Zvyagintseva T, Stonik V. Anticancer and Cancer Preventive Properties of Marine
Polysaccharides: Some Results and Prospects. Marine Drugs. 2013;11(12):4876. PubMed PMID:
doi:10.3390/md11124876.
7. Newman D, Cragg G. Marine-Sourced Anti-Cancer and Cancer Pain Control Agents in Clinical and Late
Preclinical Development. Marine Drugs. 2014;12(1):255. PubMed PMID: doi:10.3390/md12010255.
8. Kwak J-Y. Fucoidan as a Marine Anticancer Agent in Preclinical Development. Marine Drugs.
2014;12(2):851. PubMed PMID: doi:10.3390/md12020851.
9. Moussavou G, Kwak D, Obiang-Obonou B, Maranguy C, Dinzouna-Boutamba S-D, Lee D, et al. Anticancer
Effects of Different Seaweeds on Human Colon and Breast Cancers. Marine Drugs. 2014;12(9):4898. PubMed
PMID: doi:10.3390/md12094898.
10. Atashrazm F, Lowenthal R, Woods G, Holloway A, Dickinson J. Fucoidan and Cancer: A Multifunctional
Molecule with Anti-Tumor Potential. Marine Drugs. 2015;13(4):2327. PubMed PMID:
doi:10.3390/md13042327.
11. Martínez Andrade K, Lauritano C, Romano G, Ianora A. Marine Microalgae with Anti-Cancer Properties.
Marine Drugs. 2018;16(5):165. PubMed PMID: doi:10.3390/md16050165.
12..van Andel L, Rosing H, Schellens J, Beijnen J. Review of Chromatographic Bioanalytical Assays for the
Quantitative Determination of Marine-Derived Drugs for Cancer Treatment. Marine Drugs. 2018;16(7):246.
PubMed PMID: doi:10.3390/md16070246.
13.Rengarajan T, Rajendran P, Nandakumar N, Balasubramanian M, Nishigaki I. Cancer Preventive Efficacy of
Marine Carotenoid Fucoxanthin: Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis. Nutrients. 2013;5(12):4978. PubMed PMID:
doi:10.3390/nu5124978.
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37. 14. Corina E. Antal, Andrew M. Hudson, Emily Kang, Ciro Zanca, Christopher Wirth, Natalie L. Stephenson,
Eleanor W. Trotter, Lisa L. Gallegos, Crispin J. Miller, Frank B. Furnari, Tony Hunter, John Brognard,
Alexandra C. Newton,Cancer-Associated Protein Kinase C Mutations Reveal Kinase’s Role as Tumor
Suppressor,Cell,Volume 160, Issue 3,2015,Pages 489-502,ISSN 0092-
8674,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2015.01.001.
15. Xu S-Y, Huang X, Cheong K-L. Recent Advances in Marine Algae Polysaccharides: Isolation, Structure, and
Activities. Marine Drugs. 2017;15(12):388. PubMed PMID: doi:10.3390/md15120388.
16.Patel S. Therapeutic importance of sulfated polysaccharides from seaweeds: updating the recent findings. 3
Biotech. 2012 September 01;2(3):171-85.
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