Second Industrial Revolution

Second Industrial Revolution
Second US Industrial Revolution, 1870 –1910
Darris Adkins
Abstract
In this brief paper, a description of two developments of industrialization that positively affected the United States and two developments that negatively
affected the United States will be discussed. An analysis of whether or not industrialization was generally beneficial or detrimental to the lives of
Americans and the history of the United States will be outlined.
Second US Industrial Revolution, 1870 –1910
In this brief paper, a description of two developments of industrialization that positively affected American lives and a description of two developments
of industrialization that negatively affected American lives will be discussed. Further, an analysis... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
I believe that industrialization was generally beneficial to the lives of the American people and the history of the United States. Several of the
advantages are outlined in the above paragraph. Overall, Americans enjoyed a higher standard of living and a longer life span, thanks to the Industrial
Revolution. "...before the eighteenth century there was no mechanism by which long–term sustainable growth could take place. By the mid–nineteenth
century such growth was an established fact of life: for the first time rapid population increase was accompanied by sustained growth in income per
person." (More, C. 2000).
In this brief paper, we have discussed two elements of industrialization that positively affected American lives and two elements of industrialization that
negatively affected American lives. One of these negative elements was the employment of children in the industrial arena. The second negative aspect
was that the roots of our environmentally challenged society stemmed from the Industrial Revolution.
From a positive stance, American grew and prospered economically, and became a superpower on the world stage. Laws governing child labor were
enacted and in general the population became healthier and enjoyed a longer life span.
We have also looked at whether or not industrialization was generally beneficial or detrimental to the lives of
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The Industrial Revolution And The Evolution Of The...
Katie–Rose Knoblock Professor Taylor AMH–2010–O1M 6 November 2017 Evolution of the Industrial Revolution Many factories did this by
targeting women and children as they could be paid less than men with no repercussions. The workers that were hired to these positions,
especially women, were subject to some very harsh work conditions. They were subject to terrible work environments including buildings called
sweatshops, which were poorly lit and ventilated for maximum productivity. They were forced to work in dangerous conditions where a person
could easily be maimed or even killed if they mishandled the equipment they used for their work. It was not unheard of for the workers to be
expected to work as much as 16 hours a day under threats of being fired or even physically abused if they did not complete their work with great
speed. Even after all their effort in the workplace, it was not uncommon for a person to be paid as little as a single dollar for their day's efforts.
These poor working conditions gave rise to labor unions in the 19th century to insure proper working conditions for all laborers. The labor unions
aided in workplace safety and fairness by using a large group of people to sway greedy business owners in the right direction. The major advancement
in the factory system occurred in the early 20th century with what was called the assembly line. The assembly line enabled a product being assembled
to pass on a mechanized conveyor from one

Industrial Revolutions During Europe During The Industrial...
Industrial Revolution in Europe
Before the industrial revolution, Europe was mostly dominated by farmers but as the industrial revolution progressed this changed dramatically.
Industrial revolution had a significant impact in the process by making new demands that shaped the way of life through increased competition and
technological innovation. Generally, it was a historical period that sparked in a stroke a number numerous changes in the economic, social and political
dimensions. It is considered as a period that made the biggest impact on 19th century Europe considering that it was the period that the countries
realized significant progress that shaped their economies in great details with nationalism and imperialism as well being direct impacts of the revolution.
Not many could have anticipated the rapid rise of the European industry that was realized from industrial revolution. As a note, dominance in wage
labor, rapid growth of cities and evolution of industries mostly from steel and iron factories were perhaps the greatest changes that were experienced.
In economic changes, manifestations were evident through the increased rates of immigration to better places, rapid growth of cities as centers of
trade and changes in the type of work and working structures. Socially, reorganization of family was experienced as well as changes in ownership of
jobs, rural to urban migration as well as where and when to work (Lynn et al. 413–414). Politics also played a great role in

Industrial Revolution Dbq
Towards the end of the 18th century a new revolution was formed. This period was called the Industrial Revolution, which lasted approximately 60
years. The industrial Revolution was a time when we switched from hands to machines, and industry. The movement began in Great Britain, then
spread to America. New ideas, inventions, and transportation advances caused America to thrive economically.
To begin with, factories were a huge contribution to the Industrial Revolution. Some change was for the greater, and some was for the worse. These
factories brought jobs, not crazy high paying one's, but enough to get by. You could say if pollution and smoke stopped emitting into the air, the
economy would come to a halt, due to lack of jobs. I believe

The Industrial Revolution
Think about your life for one second: you communicate with people, travel, make purchases, and utilize those commodities. But have you ever
wondered what made those things possible? After all, you go to the store to buy things you need. You drive a car to work and to visit your friends. If
you need to talk to someone, you simply pick up your phone or computer. However, none of this would be possible without a means of communication,
factories to manufacture the products you need, places to work, and ways to travel and transport goods. And what made these possible? The answer is
the Industrial Revolution, which started in Europe around the year 1730. A revolution is a major change or turning point in something. The Industrial
Revolution ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
His engine used steam to power a pump, which turned a wheel, which moved machinery. It worked quickly and generated more power than the
waterwheel had. Europe wanted to keep all this progress to itself, so anyone who had worked around the machinery could not leave the country. It
was illegal, and if they were apprehended, they could be punished severely. Nonetheless, a certain Samuel Slater took the plans for a cotton mill
and fled Britain in the year 1789. He quickly traveled to the United States, where the Revolution would soon expand and pop, like the balloon.
Slater went first to Rhode Island, where he opened up a cotton mill powered by a waterwheel. His work was peculiar and new to the Americans,
but once they realized how productive it was, and how much more available the textiles were, they loved the new mills. Machines could make
more goods at a lower price. The ready availability of cotton, threads, and clothing. Slater had brought ideas for the new mechanical looms and
spinning engines as well, and people liked the ideas. After people realized how productive Slater's new mills were, factories for all different kinds of
goods and products started popping up all over the United States. The new factories, which used Adam Smith's division of labor theory, required a
large amount of manpower. The more people worked, the more productive it was to own a factory. Of course, all of this new productivity came with a

Nobel Prize laureate and economist Robert Emerson Lucas wrote in regards to the Industrial revolution: "For the first time in history, the living
standards of the masses of ordinary people have begun to undergo sustained growth. The novelty of the discovery that a human society has this
potential for generating sustained improvement in the material aspects of the lives of all its members, not just the ruling elite, cannot be overstressed."
(Lucas 2002). The revolution itself was centred in Britain before spreading to the rest of Europe and America, and is most commonly placed within a
general time period of the 18th to 19th century, though it is commonly accepted that it begun in approximately 1760 AD, and ended in 1830 AD
(Ashton 1997).
The Industrial Revolution was characterised by Britain's transformation from an agrarian society, to one of manufacturing, rapid urbanisation, mass
production, globalising markets, transport and communication developments, and most significantly– constantly increasing technological advances
unlike any other point in history (Mokyr 1990). Employment opportunities were different to ever before, as factories, mills, mines, and positions in
development became available (Miller & Dodd 2014). Whilst industrialisation paved the way for some of the most significant advances in human
history, it is also important to consider the impact it had upon the society in terms of what were often poor living and working conditions.
B A C K G R O U N D /

Industrial Revolution Essay
The most far–reaching, influential transformation of human culture since the advent of agriculture eight or ten thousand years ago, was the industrial
revolution of eighteenth century Europe. The consequences of this revolution would change irrevocably human labor, consumption, family structure,
social structure, and even the very soul and thoughts of the individual. This revolution involved more than technology; to be sure, there had been
industrial "revolutions" throughout European history and non–European history. In Europe, for instance, the twelfth and thirteenth centuries
saw an explosion of technological knowledge and a consequent change in production and labor. However, theindustrial revolution was more than ...
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Another reason given for the Industrial Revolution is the substantial increase in the population of Europe; this is such an old chestnut of historians that
we don't question it. Population growth, however, is a mysterious affair to explain; it most often occurs when standards of production rise. So whether
the Industrial Revolution was started off by a rise in population, or whether the Industrial Revolution started a rise in population is hard to guess. It's
clear, though, that the transition to an industrial, manufacturing economy required more people to labor at this manufacture. While the logic of a
national economy founded centrally on the family economy and family production is more or less a subsistence economy–most production is oriented
around keeping the family alive, the logic of a manufacturing economy is a surplus economy. In a manufacturing economy, a person's productive labor
needs to produce more than they need to keep life going. This surplus production is what produces profits for the owners of the manufacture. This
surplus economy not only makes population growth possible, it makes it desirable.
England While it's hard to pinpoint a beginning to the Industrial Revolution, historians generally agree that it basically originated in England, both in a
series of technological and social innovations. Historians propose a number of reasons. Among the most compelling is the exponential increase in

Slavery, new energy sources, global trade, and technology all contributed to Britain's Industrial Revolution. Jane Burbank and Frederick Cooper
emphasize the importance of slavery for the development of the Industrial revolution and capitalism. However, as James Carter, Richard Warren, and
Robert Marks demonstrate, global trade and new technology were just as important factors as slavery because they increased both the efficiency of
production and demand for British–made goods. Carter and Warren classically connect the idea ofcapitalism to the Industrial revolution because the
Industrial Revolution created an influx of wealth that allowed people to, while the other historians don't clearly connect the idea of capitalism to the
Industrial ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Burbank and Cooper then argue that due to this surge in food, people were able to use the land for other needs, such as manufacturing goods.
Additionally, prior to the discovery and use of new energy sources, such as water energy and coal, all of the energy people had came from the sun.
People mostly used trees as energy, burning them to get heat energy. This was considered the biological old regime. Efficiently, Marks argues that
the discovery of coal energy was exactly what was needed to propel humans out of the biological old regime and into the Industrial revolution. The
Industrial revolution could not have occurred without the extra energy provided by coal. Coal allowed for the population to grow because there
was now more energy floating around. Carter and Warren both argue another essential use of coal for Britain was for powering their railroads and
steamships. Prior to coal energy, the boats relied on winds to reach their destinations. Relying on wind takes a much longer amount of time to get
places, so coal increased the productivity of global trade as well. In contrast, Burbank and Cooper do not emphasize the importance of coal. Burbank
and Cooper focus more on the slave trade and less on coal, which really facilitated the slave trade in the first place.
An additional important factor in the development of the Industrial revolution was global trade. Originally, India was the country that was making the

The Enlightenment And The Industrial Revolution
During the Enlightenment new ideas and thinkers emerged with different perspectives on government, economics, and social issues. Amidst this
breakthrough in thought the world shifted in the pace of production, the development of the factory as a means of mass production was shot many
countries of Europe into the Industrial Revolution. From the Industrial Revolution, there were rippling effects on the working class of Europe. The
factory made the skill of the craftsperson obsolete, led unhealthy living and conditions, and created competitively low wages. This led to the emergence
of liberalism and socialism, both ideologies offered solutions to improve or eliminate the problems brought about by the Industrial Revolution.
The Enlightenment was ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The workers of these factories men, women, and children were subjected to dangerous working conditions and unhealthy, crowded living conditions.
The workers were not the only to suffer the effects of the Industrial Revolution, before industrialization most products were made by trained
craftsmen, many of whom resided in rural areas. Factory production economically devastated the people of these areas, this would lead to a large
movement of people from the country to the city in search of factory jobs, adding to the crowded conditions. Even then, employment was not
guaranteed. And of the workers in the factories, there was no control of wages and there was dangerous lowering of wages as well as the long
(sometimes up to 14–16 hours) working shifts without significant breaks. These conditions were the cause of factories' focuses on maximizing profits
as strong capitalistic enterprises. During the Industrial Revolution, political theorists of liberalism and socialism witnessed the potential negative
effects of the capitalistic laissez–faire governments of England and other European nations at the time which highlighted these effects inside the

DBQ: The Industrial Revolution
The Industrial Revolution was a long, slow, uneven process in which production shifted from simple hand tools to complex machines. The revolution
began in 1750, in Great Britain, where many new sources of power began to replace humans and animals. It started with improved methods of
farming, a population explosion, and new technology. It was a success and innovated many aspects of life. However, to get to all the good, the
Industrial Revolution had to go through some bad. The Industrial Revolution persuaded many people to urbanize or move to the cities. However,
many of those people were forced to pack into tenements and work in dangerous, mindless, and unvarying factories. People who worked in factories,
worked long hours in unsafe atmospheres and did not get paid well or fairly. They also suffered from lifelong illnesses. In Document 13, an excerpt
from Joseph Hebergam's testimony to the Sadler Committee is shown. In his testimony, Hebergam states, "I have damaged lungs. My leg muscles do
not function properly and will not support the weight of my bones...[the doctor] told me that [my ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In Document 9, a positive asset of the factories is expressed. It shows a picture of a factory with many women working inside and carrying out a job.
Other benefits of the Industrial Age were formed by many inventors who created many innovations that improved and developed life today. When
demand for new inventions grew, inventors created machines and used factories to produce large quantities of goods more efficiently. In Document 15,
Robert Hessen agrees with the positive impact factories had and states, "The factory system led to a rise in the general standard of living, to rapidly
falling urban death rates and decreasing infant mortality...". This document supports the claim that the Industrial Revolution had various profits and

Due to the Industrial Revolution, many changes started occurring in this new era such as the factories began to use more mechanics, limiting skill
needed to produce products as well as hastening the harvesting of raw materials. Secondarily there was a huge standard of living and wage drop in
cities due to urbanization which occurred after the factories created an abundance of jobs. Also, there was a huge shift in the population and there was
a massive population growth due to the excess food and productivity being made during this time.
During the industrial revolution, many technological advancements were made such as the steam engine made by Thomas Newcomen and were later
improved upon by James Watt, the Spinning Jenny, the telegraph... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This period also saw the creation of a middle class that enjoyed the benefits of this new lifestyle. People started spending their free time entertaining
themselves in theatres, concert halls, and sports facilities.
During the industrial revolution as economic activities in many villages and countrysides moved from agriculture to manufacturing, production
went from traditional locations such as people's own homes and small workshops to factories. Large portions of the population relocated from the
countryside to the towns and cities where manufacturing centers were found. The overall amount of goods and services produced expanded very
dramatically. New groups of investors, businesspeople, and managers emerged and took financial risks and reaped great rewards. These people
were also known as entrepreneurs. Many people either became rich or became poorer due to the wages that were given to them by the people at the
factories this led to social and economic unrest for the people who ended having low pay wages and who did mass amounts of work, this led to the
people revolting which began to lead to many more problems.
The industrial revolution change the way that people back then lived. Communication and transportation innovations were made, because of the new
technology. It also changes the way people worked and how they did

Skylar Molnar
Mrs. Lordi
Honors English 9
8 January 2018
The Time Throughout America had its ups and downs in the time period of the Industrial Revolution. The Industrial Revolution changed the way
people lived. As stated, "It was the best of times, it was the worst of times, it was the age of wisdom, it was the age of foolishness" (Dickens 1). This
is a quote written by Charles Dickens from the novel A Tale of Two Cities that explains how the French Revolution had its ups and downs, similar to the
Industrial Revolution. Dickens was explaining how there were positives and negatives in this quote which also relates to the Industrial Revolution. The
Industrial Revolution became a turning point in history for people throughout America. It ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The faster rate of production caused products to be much cheaper and made it one of the best of times in history. The Industrial Revolution had faster
production, but it also had faster and cheaper transportation. Particularly, a 591–mile National Road was built from Cumberland and went all the way
through Indiana. The National Road made it easier to get goods to places and they could now send goods to farther places that could not receive
them before (McCormick 57). In addition, the Erie Canal in New York was created. In the first year of the Erie Canal, about 13,000 boats had gone
through and New York made $556,000 (McCormick 57). Also, the first coast
–to–coast railroad was built in 1869. It was now even easier to transport
goods to places and they were now able to go to places that had been isolated. The transportation of the railroad made it much quicker to get items to
places (McCormick 60). Furthermore, some companies made up about 225,000 rail miles across America in 1906. The railroads helped people get to
where they wanted to be faster and was much cheaper (Hillstrom and Hillstrom Railroads 83–84). In addition, the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad made a
great impact on the Industrial Revolution because of the new technology used, which resulted in faster transportation during the time period (Hillstrom
and Hillstrom Railroads 59). In 1830, steam pocket service helped prices decrease. Sugar went

The Industrial Revolution became a defining transitional period in United States history. The Industrial Revolution created opportunities for society
through, employment, higher pay and allowed for the meeting of many cultures. As a result of high employment opportunities, people flocked to the
North and populated areas of the nation creating urban cities. Urban cities of the nation have not changed much since the Industrial Revolution; people
are still drawn to the urban culture because of the variety in social and economic opportunities. The urban culture has allowed us to observe the
interaction among various cultures and the development of the social class through time.
We are currently living in an urban culture where the division that separates social classes has faded away because of human dignity. Human dignity,
the need to find self–worth and self–respect for us and others has increased dramatically within society, but this new found self–worth and respect is
being developed through capitalism and materialism. Human dignity has evolved into the need to present ourselves to society through the acquisition
of materialistic luxuries. In urban cities more value is being placed on extrinsic dignity in the form of materialism. Materialism has taken over the
essence of human dignity and has limited our dignity. We must evaluate ourselves carefully and observe the reasons that help develop our own sense of
human dignity. People who live in urban cities must be extra

Background Of Industrial Evolution Of The Industrial...
Background of industrial evolution in Britain
From 1760s to 1840s, a great revolution, called as the Industrial Revolution later by historians, happened firstly in England and soon after whole
European continent (Landes, 1969). Later in 19th century, the revolution also influenced North America. Machines' flourish in inventions and
applications is treated as one symbol of this period, thus, it is called "the Age of Machines" by some historians as well. In the mid–1700s, Hargreaves
invented Spinning Jenny, which is the symbol of the beginning of the Industrial Revolution. Then in 1775, Watt improved performances of steam
engines, which is the most important turn point in the history of the Industrial Revolution. After that, a series of inventions occurred, replacing
manpower with machines one by one and sharply improved working efficiency, making the world change from traditional agricultural society into
modern industrial society and capitalism begin to take the power from the hand of feudalism.
From above brief introductions to the Industrial Revolution, it is apparent that Britain is its birth land and Britain owes almost all inventions' birth
place. However, why Britain is the first country to raise this revolution? This essay will discuss about the background of the Industrial Revolution in
England to make reasons clearer. In the first place, it will introduce colonial expansion after success of exploration around the world and what it caused.
After that, Enclosure and

The Industrial Revolution : The Positive Effects Of The...
1760, that was the day machines began to run Manchester, then the rest of the world. The shift from hand field labor to artificial labor done by
machines is what we like to call the Industrial Revolution. Which is the reason why we have many of the electronics we do today. Inventors,
machinist, tinkers, and engineers had the world at their fingertips. While the Industrial Revolution had may positive impacts, it had disastrous
effects on all people working there and living around the factories. In William Cooper's testimony before the Sadler Committee in 1832 he stresses
that as a kid he had to work at the factories 16 hours a day. According to the passage in Document #1, William Cooper had to work 16 hour days,
and because of this he could not attend day school. Cooper only had one break a day, which was only forty minutes long. He is not the only child
who received this type of treatment. This effect of the Industrial Revolution was definitely negative because children did not have enough time to
be children because they were too busy working. They most likely come home to tired to do anything, their day is basically over with. Cooper
started work at five in the morning and stopped at nine at night. If people working were not awake and attentive, they were strapped. If you worked
at a factory in the 1700's you could possibly get your lunch break taken away, free will, or your life. An excerpt by Joseph Hebergeman to the Sadler
Committee in Document #2 states the grim

Jennifer Yulfo
Mr. Sotak
Honors English 9
5 January 2018
The Best of Times and The Worst of Times
"The Industrial Revolution has tended to produce everywhere great urban masses that seem to be increasingly careless of ethical standards" (Babbitt
139). The Industrial Revolution was a time of new production methods with extraordinary results in mass production. New travel options such as
steamboats,railroads, and automotive vehicles with groundbreaking speeds and cheaper means of transportation were invented and coming into use.
Notwithstanding the astounding accomplishments of the time, the Industrial Revolution was also a time of horrendous ethical standards. The use of child
labor and harsh working conditions were not uncommon. The ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Later on in 1961, Ford made and sold seven hundred thirty–nine thousand. T Models. This was one half of all the cars manufactured in the United States
. Each year after that they experienced similar numbers. In 1927 the company ceased producing Model T's and more than 15 million had been sold. It
was an amazing triumph even by today's standards (Nardo United States 63).
In addition to faster, cheaper, and more efficient production methods, the development of faster, better, and more reliable travel options during the
Industrial Revolution made it the best of times. The production of steam locomotives helped create faster, cheaper, and timetabled transportation.
During the Industrial Revolution the first steam locomotive to travel by railroads was developed. "In 1830, England's Liverpool and Manchester
Railway became the first to offer regular, timetabled passenger services" ("Industrial Revolution"). Timetable transportation services before this time
were unheard of and very rare. In England the new steam locomotives lowered the cost of shipping by carriage by sixty to seventy percent ("Early
Railroads"). Americans were amazed by this and when the United States began using railroads in 1833, a 40– mile canal trip that took all day was
lessened to a 17– mile trip that took less than an hour by the use of railroads ("Early Railroads"). Additionally, during this time steamboats were also
coming into use. The invention of the

Industrial Revolution
Industrialization of the 19th Century in America
Matt Capone
FIN 419
Professor Moore
May 3, 2014
Over the course of time, the country of America has changed in many ways. Towards the end of the 19th century, a significant change took place in the
fundamental structure of the economy. That change was industrialization. During this time period, the United States of America changed from a large,
agricultural country, to an urban industrial society. The process of industrialization began to take place in America, and eventually took over the
economy during this period. Entrepreneurs and inventors put together various machines and businesses to help better the country function on a
day–to–day basis. The advantages ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Another negative impact that industrialization led to was the impact it had on the social and political issues that resulted. A bunch of factories were
built in a short period of time, and done so without any knowledge of the type of air pollution that would result from the factories. It has been proven
that the steel, sulfur and other various factories produce some sort of smog into the air and can cause harm to the environment. In terms of politics, the
immigrants coming over from other counties were taking the jobs that should have been to the Americans that already lived in the country. More and
more people moved to America and jobs started to become scarce. In my opinion, I would have to say that the good benefits outweighed the bad in
terms of industrialization. The country definitely benefited more from the industrial revolution than it regressed. Society improved and there were so
many more opportunities available to the people of America. There are a ton of similarities that the industrial revolution of the late 19th century and the
21st century globalization that we are personally experiencing now. Today, technology is all around us and it helps us to simplify everyday tasks. The
country of America went through a big technological change in the 19th century as well, which played a big part in the industrialization of the country.
The globalization that is taking place right now is also significantly impacted by the

Before the advent of the Industrial Revolution, most people resided in small, rural communities where their daily existences revolved around farming.
Life for the average person was difficult, as incomes were meager, and malnourishment and disease were common. People produced the bulk of their
own food, clothing, furniture and tools. Most manufacturing was done in homes or small, rural shops, using hand tools or simple machines.
Did You Know?
The word "luddite" refers to a person who is opposed to technological change. The term is derived from a group of early 19th century English
workers who attacked factories and destroyed machinery as a means of protest. They were supposedly led by a man named Ned Ladd, though he may
have been an ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Workers set their own schedules under this system, which proved difficult for merchants to regulate and resulted in numerous inefficiencies. In the
1700s, a series of innovations led to ever–increasing productivity, while requiring less human energy. For example, around 1764, Englishman James
Hargreaves (1722–1778) invented the spinning jenny ("jenny" was an early abbreviation of the word "engine"), a machine that enabled an individual
to produce multiple spools of threads simultaneously. By the time of Hargreaves' death, there were over 20,000 spinning jenny 's in use across Britain.
The spinning jenny was improved upon by British inventor Samuel Compton's (1753–1827) spinning mule, as well as later machines. Another key
innovation in textiles, the power loom, which mechanized the process of weaving cloth, was developed in the 1780s by English inventor Edmund
Cartwright (1743–1823).
Developments in the iron industry also played a central role in the Industrial Revolution. In the early 18th century, Englishman Abraham Darby
(1678–1717) discovered a cheaper, easier method to produce cast iron, using a coke–fueled (as opposed to charcoal–fired) furnace. In the 1850s, British
engineer Henry Bessemer (1813–1898) developed the first inexpensive process for mass–producing steel. Both iron

The Industrial Metamorphosis
The beginning of the Industrial Metamorphosis
In the 18th century, Britain and other countries were transformed by the industrial restructuring. This change meant a higher standard of living for
everyone. And as a result, Britain became richer.
Scientific knowledge in the Industrial restructuring era
Technological advances made the restructuring possible. Abraham Darby (1677–1717) owned an ironworks. He was looking for more efficient fuel to
melt the iron ore, so he began using coke instead of charcoal. Thomas Newcomen (1712) made steam engines to pump water from coal mines. James
Watt made a more efficient steam engine in the 1780s. Iron production grew rapidly. In 1784, Henry Cort invented a better way to make wrought the
iron. Up until

How Did The Industrial Revolution Affect The Industrial...
The Industrial Revolution has been viewed as one of the most influential events to occur in the history of modern society in economic growth. The
many new inventions helped people perform specific tasks in much shorter time periods, causing goods to be produced at a faster pace. In addition to
the production of goods, the Industrial Revolution impacted the economic growth of the world were people had access to a wider variety of
manufactured goods and services. The standard for living also improved for many, but resulted in often cruel employment and living conditions for
the working classes and poor. Machines were central to the creation of the working class due to replacing the handwork of skilled workers.
Furthermore, machines were also able to produce goods much faster. An example of this would be the spinning jenny, which was able to spin more
than one ball of yarn at a time, making it easier to cloth. The evolution of textile machines was slow, but eventually became efficient enough to take
the work out of sheds and into small water powered mills (726.1) Since the production of goods was at a more rapid pace, the demand for goods
grew, causing the economy to start rising. The downside of machines was that it caused impoverishment for the workers. In addition, the machines left
the workers with "poorly paid, menial, empty, and dignity destroying work of tending machines having been made dispensable by those very
machines" (153.2) However, these machines also created

Industrial Revolution And The Industrial Age
The Industrial Revolution affected all aspects of American life, and it provoked more changes than just those in the factories. How one
experienced the Industrial Revolution depended on where one lived. By 1900, more than a third of America's people lived in cities, and city
populations were growing twice as fast as the population as a whole. Between 1870 and 1920, the number of Americans living in cities increased
fivefold, from 10 million to 54 million. Most of the massive industries of the Industrial Age emerged in the North. Because the work was there, these
cities ballooned into metropolises. And as the cities of the North grew, economic disparities between the wealthy and the poor became more
pronounced; the corporations of the Industrial Age generated enormous fortunes for a handful of people, leaving most industrial laborers living in
poverty. Most of the people living in these growing cities were workers working in the new factories of the Industrial Age. The manufacturers
sometimes provided company housing close to the factories so that the entire work force could walk to work. The independent builders sought quick
profits and got away with throwing up inferior houses because they had no building codes. Those developers also carved up previously built
single–family homes into multiple–unit dwellings called tenements, which often had thin walls and frequently lacked windows as well. These kinds of
close quarters led to communal childcare networks, and they also

Short Term Misery... Long Term Gain There are two major industrializations that have occurred through out history, both which began in England.
The Industrial Revolution was from 1750 until 1800. The first and second industrialization were filled with many inventions, new societal ideas, new
raw materials, new sources of power, also new ideas and societal implements were made enabling the world and society to evolve. Overall these
industrialization was filled with death, neglect, and disease but ended up changing the world forever with creating a new economic life, altered social
relations, and a change in power; therefore one is able to agree that "Short term misery, long term gain" would be an adequate representation to this
time period. The Industrial Revolution first began with the textile industry and its continuous growth economically and socially. The industrial
revolution began in England due to its harbors, mercantilism, and the smallness of the country, and the great transportation infrastructure. England also
had a higher standard of living, a large population growth, and the political atmosphere was much more stable. The social atmosphere of England
included the ending of feudalism, a small standing army, more established businesses, and more schools. The industrial revolution affected the different
levels of society in many ways, especially depending on the amount of money one had. Also, the roles of women and children were completely
changed in order for them

British Industrial Revolution
The Industrial Revolution in Great Britain began in eighteenth–century due to the economic differences in many areas, the rise of factories, and the
advances in technologies. The Industrial Revolution created a foundation for the modern world's economy and helped advance the world's markets and
industries. It also affected the social system and improved the people's living standard. Learning about the Industrial Revolution will help us understand
more about the history of our prosperous economy.
There were many factors that started the British Industrial Revolution such as economic differences in rural areas and cities, the rise of many
factories which fulfilled the needs for workers and increased jobs, along with the advancement in technologies which created new production
methods. In rural areas, labours were cheap and many workers became unemployed and this increased poverty. In cities, the economy was different.
Many factories were formed which created more jobs causing the people in rural areas to leave their towns to work in cities. Since the majority of
people lived in cities and worked in factories, it created the industrial system (1). During the Industrial Revolution, men, women, and even children
needed to work in order to survive. They worked in dangerous environments and were paid with low wages. Children and women were favored to
work in coal mining industry because they were slim. They suffered severe contamination And children were abused for what was

Child labor during the Industrial Revolution was horrid. The Industrial Revolution started in the late 18th century and ended around the mid 19th
century. Although we did benefit from this industrial age, many people suffered, most notably children, because of this advancement. In today's
standards, what these children went through was repulsive. It is worse to think that this kind of treatment lasted for over 100 years in some places
and that it, not only just happened in one part of the world but in multiple parts of the world. One of the worst places that children had to work in
were the mines. The kind of work the children in the coal mines had to do was not only dangerous but unsanitary and unhealthy as well. The owners of
coal mines... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Usually these trappers were five years old and had to work all day long. There was a lot of coal mining in America as well. According to the
website something "Coal mining was a prominent industry throughout eastern Pennsylvania, northern Maryland, and Wyoming." It wasn't until the
late 19th century that a legislation was passed that limited what age a child could start working in the mines. Even with these working age
restrictions, some children as young as five or six years old, still worked in the mines. The youngest workers worked as breaker boys, whose job
was to separate the debris from the coal. Because the breaker boys were not allowed to wear gloves they would often catch a skin disease that they
called "red tips" which was caused by the sulfur when touching coal too often. Many diseases and deformities affected the miners. For many of the
young miners who worked on the ground deformities of this spinal column, feet, knees and legs were not uncommon from working in such cramped
conditions. A lot of the time, ponies would pull the cars, but when the tunnels became too small for the ponies, young women and children were used
to pull the carts. Many of the young women who worked in the mines, had to have chains around the waist to pull the heavy cars up, often, steep
slopes. These chains would more

How Did The Industrial Revolution Contribute To The...
The industrial Revolution was a era of opportunities for many. For immigrants, it was an opportunity to get a fresh new start and to have a shot to
strike it rich and live the American dream. But for others it was an opportunity to take advantage of the hard work of others for their own good. The
industrial revolution brought many things to the US. It brought a large amount of immigrants to the US. And it also brought in many inventions that we
still use to this day. With the large amounts of immigrants, many business owners wanted to take advantage of that. So they started hiring immigrants
to work in their factories to make profits. One particular pair of business owners call the Ashton brothers took it among themselves to make homes for
all the employees of their factory. "Everywhere is to be observed a cleanliness which indicates order and comfort.".(Doc 2) Also some of the
inventions that were created in that time period also contributed to the economic growth. For example, the sewing machine. The sewing machine was
invented by Elias Howe and it revolutionized the way clothing was made. With the sewing machine, clothing was made faster and sold cheaper than
they did when they were hand stitched. The industrial revolution led us to have the luxuries we have today. Although the industrial age was an era of
economic growth it was mostly on the backbone of the workers that had to go through hardships in the factory. Not only did the workers have to go

Realism In The Industrial Revolution
The Industrial Revolution started during the mid–nineteenth century. It was the major influence for the rise of Realism in the arts. Realism is a style of
art that portrays the hardship and reality in life during the 1800s. Realism helped artists to express their feelings in a more realistic way, compared to
the earlier style, Romanticism, which mainly contours imaginations and emotions. The Industrial Revolution facilitated the development of factories
leading to. Realism artists were eager to express their feeling of dissatisfaction toward the Industrial Revolution in their artworks. The rise of Realism
in arts was mainly caused by the Industrial Revolution during the mid–19th century, due to the harsh living conditions which stimulate people ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
One example is the two paintings by Honore Daumier which portrays two different classes riding the same carriage. The Third–Class Carriage by
Honore Daumier, is a painting showing a tightly packed crowd of working–class men and women, which convey their hardship during the time. It is
also shown on their expressions, clothing, and postures. The First–Class Carriage also by Daumier, showed no physical contact and people sat apart
from each other, which showed the differences between social classes. These two paintings by the same person strongly reflected the lives between
different social classes. The upper class was able to afford a much bigger carriage and have more personal space. In contrast, the lower class was forced
to be squeezed inside a small carriage. The lower class mostly workers in factories were paid very little, therefore, they were only able to afford to live
in unclean, crowded, but cheap

Political, Industrial, & Military Powers of Industrial...
Political, Industrial, & Military Powers of Industrial Revolution By the 1750s the industrial revolution had begun and there were many advancements
directed at cotton weaving as a result of limited technology. Because of this limited technology people were slow in inventing other types of machines.
This of was a time of drastic change and transformation from the use of mere hand tools to using powerful machines. A problem with these
revolutionary machines was the amount of pollution that was produced, such as CO2, and the faulty methods in which these pollution problems were
dealt with. Industrial power, military power, and political power were changing... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
They had already established a capital, they had a surplus of labor forces, and little government interference in the economy, a growing market, and
fifty percent of the people could read and write. These factors gave England the lead in the Industrial Revolution. England spread their ideas and
discoveries all over Europe. By the late 1750's the Industrial Revolution had begun. At first, inventions were strictly limited to cotton weaving.
Inventions such as the spinning jenny and the water–powered frame, both of which provided sinning yarn faster, the spinning mule, the power loom
and the cotton gin, all the manufacturer (internet source). These new inventions were all part of the textile mills, which were the first factories to
be created. The textile mills manufactured cotton products faster than ever before. In addition, new forms of energy were also being used at this
time. The Machine in America, by Carroll Pursell summarizes the transitions of energy use simply and effectively. She states: During the next half
of the century (1) mineral coal replaced charcoal as the principal fuel, (2) blast furnaces became larger and more efficient, (3) tilt hammers and
forges were replaced by rolling mills for the production of wrought iron, (4) steam replaced as the source of power for both furnaces and forges, and
(5) the puddling furnace replaced the forge fire in the refining of pig iron. (Pursell

Effects Of The Industrial Revolution Britain. The Industrial
Effects of the Industrial Revolution Britain
The Industrial revolution began in the mid–1700 's in parts of Eastern England and Southern Scotland and probably would not have taken place without
the dramatic enhancements in farming that began in the early 1700 's. The agricultural revolution started well before the Industrial Revolution but once
mechanisation began the two revolutions became interlinked and worked hand in hand. As the historian, J.H. Clapham quantified, "even if the history
of the industrial revolution is a thrice–squeezing orange, there remains to be an astonishing amount of juice in it. "(Clapham,1930) Although, it
remains to be an issue if the Industrial Revolution had been a positive influence on Europe or not? It was ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
One of the first farmers to use the scientific approach to farming was Jethro Tull, and with it, he promoted ploughing and hoeing to break up the soil
with his invention the seed drill in 1721 which was only one of many drills that invented in the eighteenth century. These technological developments
allowed "farmers to sow seeds in well–spaced rows at certain depths." Nevertheless, the most revolutionary discovery for farmers had to be that of the
system of crop rotation. This development of scientific farming, brought about radical effect and changes on population, which brought about healthier
livestock and increased crop production which then meant more food for a growing population. the knock–on effect had been fewer people going
hungry with a general standard of nutrition, which then led to an increased improvement in their life expectancy. Nether the less, the onset of the
enclosure system was not all positive as many small farmers had been forced off their land, and then these farmers began to leave Britain for British
colonies such as North America, while, others crowded the already jam–packed cities for job possibilities.
Another obvious change brought about by the Industrial Revolution was the growth of the cities. Most Europeans, for centuries, had lived in rural
areas (Bagwell 105). Problems began occurring in the cities. There was

Industrial Revolutions
Historically, industrial revolutions have caused the most notable changes in work. The First Industrial Revolution, driven by steam, and the Second
Industrial Revolution, driven by electricity, led to an increase in technology, production, and jobs––especially among women, as illustrated by the photo
of Rosie the Riveter, depicting a woman in the workforce urging other women to engage in employment (Human Development Report; Miller). While
there had been fears of future unemployment due to the rapid rise in machines performing the tasks of people, in 1962, President John F. Kennedy
quelled these fears by claiming, "'If men have the talent to invent new machines that put men out of work, they have the talent to put those men back to
work'"... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Early in "A World Without Work," The Atlantic expresses fear for future employment by predicting "an era of technological unemployment"
(Thompson 7). However, The Atlantic also notes, "The U.S. labor force has been shaped by millennia of technological process....the total number of
jobs has always increased" (Thompson 7). While in the past, employers searched for pinsetters, milk men, newspaper readers, ice cutters, and typists,
now, those occupations as well as similar jobs have been eliminated due to the increased role that technology has played. However, the United States
Department of Labor shows that new jobs are constantly appearing. In fact, "During the Clinton–Gore administration, more than 19 million new
jobs...[were] created–a rate of growth more than twice that of the previous decade. High–technology industries account for one million of these new
jobs" ("Futurework"). With the increase in technology around the world, thus, an increase in globalization, new generations have used technology as a
resource rather than a limitation in order to create more unconventional work, as demonstrated during the Clinton–Gore

Industrial Revolution Dbq
The industrial revolution in Europe didn't happen overnight but only spread over the continent very gradually. One of the triggers was the unusually
high growth in the population which set in around the middle of the 18th century and produced a gigantic reservoir of workers. At the same time new,
more efficient methods of production became necessary in order to supply the basic needs of so many people. In this situation Great Britain enjoyed
two important advantages: an extremely productive and wealthy agricultural system, and an astonishing number of creative inventors. This was why the
United Kingdom dictated the rhythm of progress to the rest of Europe from 1750 onwards for the next century or so.
The first spinning frames were created on the British Isles. These were followed by mechanical weaving looms, and it was not long before textile
factories were shooting out of the ground. At the same time a boom in the iron industry broke out. As soon as people discovered how to turn coal into
coke iron manufacturers had excellent, almost unlimited reserves of fuel at their disposal with which to process iron ore. Once steam engines were
introduced to heat the furnace ovens more quickly and effectively, the skylines in the coal regions were quickly covered in colliery towers and the
chimney stacks of iron works.
Workers poured into the new industrial centers and in a few years villages exploded into major cities: here the masses were forced to live under
appalling conditions

Causes Of The Industrial Revolution
By 1750, there was not much doubt that if any country was going to triumph in being the first industrial power it would be England (Hobsbawm 29).
However, several factors were responsible for England's emergence as an industrial power. Some of the contributing factors for the Industrial
Revolution were: the increasing importance of imperial goods such as cotton, cultural traditions that stemmed from the Renaissance and the
Reformation, population change, and a government willing to subordinate all foreign policy to its economic ends. Socially, the Industrial Revolution in
England changed exponentially with the growing drift between the class hierarchy. Instead of reverting to social revolution as occurred in France,
England experienced political reform during the Industrial Revolution that would become a symbol of hope for thriving countries. There has been
much speculation on the exact reason the Industrial Revolution began in England in the late 18th Century, but certain components are undisputed for
the Revolution's occurrence there. Initially, Britain already had a large, developed supply of coal and iron which gave the British a start in mass
metallurgy (Perry 286). There also was a surplus of capital available for investments to be made in new industries; however, these funds came from
wealthy landowners and merchants who had grown rich in commerce through the slave trade (Perry 287). With the start of their own 'capitalist
industrialization,' England

What Were The Similarities Between Industrial And...
During the antebellum years, enslaved African Americans and industrial workers possessed some strong similarity in their experiences. Slavery was
chiefly based in the South. They worked anywhere from small farms to large plantations. Slaves were property and they were never allowed to forget
that. Some were treated with some respect and care and others were beaten to death by their masters. The greater majority of slaves worked on cotton
plantations because it was high in demand. Every slave had a different story. Northern industrial workers were populated in the north and they were
made up of Americans, Irish, and the Germans. The northern states were the most influenced from the industrial period and they had an immense
demand for tools and new technology. Men, women, and children all worked in dangerous factory conditions for long hours and low pay. They didn't
agree with slavery, but if it was abolished then slaves would take the industrial workers jobs and they didn't want that. Many of these ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Woman northern industrial workers were many of times forced out of their homes. From the Voice of Industry, "factory powers in this village of
forcing poor girls from their quiet homes to become their tools and, like Southern slaves... they are stowed in a wagon, which may find a similarity
only in the manner in which slaves are fastened in the hold of a vessel." They were forcefully taken out of their homes and stowed in a wagon like
animals. People should not be treated like anything other than respectful human beings. This document compares slaves to women industrial worker
because of all the similarities they have chiefly because of the way they were treated. This document also shows what people were told about women
that worked in factories and what actually happens to these women. This helps to show that the forcefulness used on these women was

Was the Industrial Revolution a Blessing or a Curse?
The Industrial Revolution was a period of technological improvement that took place in Britain from about 1750 into the 1900's. To many, the
Industrial Revolution was the gateway into modern–day factories and machinery. The Industrial Revolution was spurred by the competition of Britain
against India or China. India and China were both very productive in the production of goods, meaning the people of Britain had to buy the cheap
products imported from India and China. British businessmen developed new technology so they could manufacture their own cotton textiles, the main
product imported into Britain. Although some historians believe that the Industrial revolution was a blessing ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Overseers took most of the money earned and kept it for themselves. Any worker who dared go on strike or stand up for thei pay was beaten and
tortured. This piece of evidence shows that since the majority of people were part of the working class, they were abused and were arguably better
off working hard and receiving most of the fruits of their labor on farms instead of doubling their repetitive work for half of the payoff. Adolf
Levenstein, a coal miner living during the Industrial Revolution Reflected in a letter, later collected into the book, From the Depths: Workers
Letters, published in 1905, states how, "The work is becoming increasingly mechanical. No more incentive, no more haste, we muddle along
wearily, we are worn out and mindless. My forehead burns like fire.... But in my head it rages and paralyzes me beyond control or without my
being able to think. When it becomes unbearable I stop my slow, energyless working....And that is not all; the spirit too, the conscience of the
individual, degenerates. And one drudge, grown vacuous through his work, is put beside another one, and another one and finally this "modern"
circle has closed in on the entire working force" (Levenstein). The work in the mines was tiring and repetitive. Since machines have taken more of
the desirable jobs and workers have been laid off, the laborers who are still employed had to work tedious jobs. This letter provides a view into the daily

The Industrial Revolution, a 'Revolution' that began in Britain in the nineteenth century, saw people move from working in the farming industry to
working in factories. This transition from an agrarian society meant that many people moved to cities in search of jobs. New methods of
manufacturing allowed goods to be produced far more cheaply and quickly than before. However, the Revolution came with its own negative
consequences. The lives of children during the Industrial Revolution were torturous and many injustices resulted. Children were used to serve the
demands of the growing society but their needs were disregarded. Despite some reforms during the 1800s, the atrocious working and living conditions
in towns ensured that children were definitely victims not beneficiaries of the Industrial Revolution.
Children suffered enormously as a result of the poor working life of in the Industrial Revolution. By 1788, over two–thirds of workers in textile
factories were children. Some factories employed children as young as the age of five or six. Other factories forced children to work as long as 16
hours a day. Children worked in gas works, nail factories, construction sites, shipyards and as chimney sweeps. The use of child labour in factories
raised many social problems. Families, trapped by poverty, were forced to send their children to work in poor conditions for equally poor pay. Most
children worked in cotton mills. Although children were accommodated, fed and dressed,

The Industrial Revolution In America
Industrial Revolution in America
The industrial revolution in America took place in the nineteenth and twentieth century. During this period there was mass production, modern
technologies were made, people were getting rich and this made America to be the global superpower in the world. The united states economy grew
fast. America became so rich that mark twain called it the "Gilded Age"
Although there Britain was the first to have access to the industrial revolution in the 17th and 18th century, my focus will be on the American industrial
revolution. Industrial revolution came into existence after the end of the civil war. During the revolution transportation, electricity, and industrial
building came into existence and became very popular and made very significant changes in the nation.
Transportations like the railroad which was linked to different communities and states was built, steamboats, the Eerie canal, and road were also built.
Although railroad was in existence during the start of the civil war it became more popular after the end of the civil war.
During the 1860s, the Central Pacific Railroad started building rail track from Sacramento, California. While the Union Pacific started laying tracks
from Nebraska. In 1869, this made both tracks to meet at a place in Utah, this enabled the united states to travel by train from the Atlantic Ocean to the
Pacific Ocean. The development of Railroad continued all through the 1800s with rail tracks spreading in different

Industrial Of The Industrial Revolution
Jason Thibodeaux
Mrs. Martinez
English IV, 1st hour
4/29/16
The Industrial Revolution set people away from farms and small villages and moved them to cities and towns because of the job opportunities that
arose in the cities. The Industrial Revolution not only helped people move along in the late 1700s and early 1800s but also it has made the people
what they are today. During the Industrial Revolution, the movement from an agrarian society to an industrial one reshaped the roles of families, widen
the gap between classes, and led to the developments in communication, transportation, and other scientific fields that completely changed humanity.
The Industrial Revolution started in the late 1700s and early 1800s which helped the transition from agrarian to one of industrial. Before the factories
were made, the common folk would work on the farms that would make the food that they would need to survive, and they would also make their
own clothes. All the clothes and materials that the people had before the industrial revolution they would make themselves because there was no mass
production of items being made and the people who would sell the items never had enough in their inventory for everyone to buy. Factories started to
arise making it easier to mass produce items that the people wanted, like cloths and eventually everyday materials. Those factories and opportunities
for work is why people moved into cities.( History.com)
With families

Environment vs. Industrial Revolution When you hear the industrial revolution, you may think that it was good. Well, when thinking about only
certain parts of the impacts it had on things like family, economy, environment, North, South, and West, you start to see that not all of them had a
positive effect on certain aspects. Today, I will be talking about how theindustrial revolution impacted the environment. The industrial revolution did
not have a positive impact on the environment. For example, it caused an increase in pollution, a decrease of fossil fuel, and depletion of natural
resources. To start things off, air pollution was a major complication. When the industrial revolution began, an enormous increase in pollution erupted.
According

The Industrial Revolution Essay
Going to work for a full day isn't much fun after working fifteen hours the day before! 60–70 hour work days are never pleasant in anybody's mind.
How is it that so many people did this during the Industrial Revolution? Was it because they wanted the extra money? Or was it because they wanted
the high political or economic status? For some people these were the reasons, but for most it was because of one concern. Survival! The Industrial
Revolution greatly changed the workplace and the proletarians.
The Factory system was changed forever by the name of one man, Richard Arkwright. Even though Arkwright was not a great inventor, he used other
peoples ideas to advocate his own ambitions to the next level. "He ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Mathew Boulton would use the invention as a pumping device for water. This would greatly change factory development and the people who worked
their. The Steam Engine could be the most significant invention of the Industrial Revolution (Mantoux 230–250). The Spinning Jenny and the Steam
Engine were the key inventions that created the Industrial Revolution.
In the beginning of the nineteenth century factory working conditions were bad. Diseases that occurred in the occupation were at a high risk also
with, accidents and harsh discipline. These were the physical affects of the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, but with them were issues with
social class consisting of moral degradation, and female competition for male jobs. Also from the factory style of life abortion was quite high and
infant and child deaths were at the highest rate ever recorded. (King & Timmins 55)
Most 19th century factories were grim brutal places, and working conditions were harsh. The normal factory worker contained a shift of 14 to15
hours. This is not to add that it might take the workers two hours to walk there and back. Working conditions were so bad that it caused diseases. For

The New Industrial Era
In the United States, the New Industrial Era took place in the early to mid 1900s, and made the United States the main producer for steel and
kerosene at the time. The New Industrial Era provided many jobs for middle and low class workers in America. Sweatshops were often formed to
produce items when there was a high demand. Kids, teenagers, and adults were hired and force to work in unsafe working conditions for long hours
and for low pay. While many view the New Industrial Era as pain because of violence and workplace hazards, it was more progress because of
advancement in production methods, and growth of the U.S. government, and economy. Many view the New Industrial Era as pain for the U.S.
because of poor,unsafe working conditions, and monopolies. In factories, there were very unsafe working conditions that often resulted in serious
injury, or death. One example of this was the Triangle Shirtwaistfactory fire. Owners of this sweatshop and managers had bribed fire and safety
inspectors, which resulted in really bad workplace conditions. When a fire started, mandatory precautions were not taken into consideration, and 96
workers died from the fire and smoke. The building was multiple stories tall, and around 50 workers jumped out of windows, and plunged to their
deaths, resulting in the worst fire in the city's history (o.i.). There were other examples of unsafe working conditions in coal mines, and coal breakers
as well. Many young boys would sit for hours in an

Second Industrial Revolution

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