This presentation highlights the opportunities in the mineral sector in Ghana to scale up value addition for broader local economic development. It focuses in particular on the need to strengthen supply chain development.
This presentation was given to the master class Environment and Development (ENP 33306) under the Social Sciences Group at the Wageningen University (April 22,2015). The core of the topic is upgrading in the value chain. The elements in the vertical and horizontal dimensions of the value chain and the capabilities literature are the theoretical lens used to gain a deeper understanding of upgrading. The theory has been applied to the cases of Philippine tuna fishery.
Improving the performance of pro-poor value chains of sheep and goats for enh...ILRI
Presented by Barbara Rischkowsky (ICARDA) at the Ethiopia Small Ruminants Value Chain Strategy and Implementation Planning Workshop, Addis Ababa, 8-9 June 2015
Topics:
-Question about whether Cooperatives target the poorest and how to identify this segment of population.
-Production aspects of the value chain development
ICT tools development and application
-Capacity building based on Nico’s summary
-----In addition to mobilization, also members need training on bookkeeping, by laws, management, governance, leadership, organization design for cooperative health.
-Highlight the importance of DETAILS
This presentation was given to the master class Environment and Development (ENP 33306) under the Social Sciences Group at the Wageningen University (April 22,2015). The core of the topic is upgrading in the value chain. The elements in the vertical and horizontal dimensions of the value chain and the capabilities literature are the theoretical lens used to gain a deeper understanding of upgrading. The theory has been applied to the cases of Philippine tuna fishery.
Improving the performance of pro-poor value chains of sheep and goats for enh...ILRI
Presented by Barbara Rischkowsky (ICARDA) at the Ethiopia Small Ruminants Value Chain Strategy and Implementation Planning Workshop, Addis Ababa, 8-9 June 2015
Topics:
-Question about whether Cooperatives target the poorest and how to identify this segment of population.
-Production aspects of the value chain development
ICT tools development and application
-Capacity building based on Nico’s summary
-----In addition to mobilization, also members need training on bookkeeping, by laws, management, governance, leadership, organization design for cooperative health.
-Highlight the importance of DETAILS
Workshop 2: Value Chain Development and Inclusive Business Models at The Caribbean-Pacific Agri-Food Forum 2015 (CPAF2015) taking place 2-6 November in Barbados with support from the Intra-ACP Agricultural Policy programme, organized in partnership with the Barbados Agricultural Society (BAS) and the Inter-American Institute for Cooperation on Agriculture (IICA). http://www.cta.int/en/news/caribbean-pacific-agri-food-forum.html
Webinar about the new book "Value Chain Development and The Poor: Promise, delivery, and opportunities for impact at scale" (eds. Jason Donovan, Dietmar Stoian, and Jon Hellin), recorded on June 17, 2021. For more information and video recording, visit https://bit.ly/3goPP5r
New ICT solutions for agricultural development are being developed at break-neck speed, and its hard to keep track of what’s out there, what works, and how it best fits into your project. At this month’s Tech Talk, GBI will demonstrate how ICT applications can complement a value chain approach to agricultural development, and we will bring in users and developers of these apps to explain their tools and how they are implemented. We’ll also unveil a new and useful interactive tool “Ag Apps Along the Value Chain,” that maps a collected inventory of over 120 apps and ICT solutions along the agricultural value chain.
Approaches to value chain analysis for sheep and goat value chains developmen...ILRI
Presented by Getachew Legese (ICARDA consultant) at the ICARDA-ILRI Training on Tools for Rapid Assessment of Sheep and Goat Value Chains in Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, 5-8 November 2012
Sheep and goat value chains development in Ethiopia: Basic concepts of value ...ILRI
Presented by Getachew Legese (ICARDA) at the Workshop on ICARDA-ILRI Training on Tools for Benchmarking Sheep and Goat Value Chains in Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, 6-9 November 2013
The Value Chain Approach to Economic Growth and Poverty ReductionJason Wolfe
Overview of USAID's value chain approach delivered at the 16th Session of the United Nations Commission on Sustainable Development Learning Centre, 6 May 2008
Introduction to agricultural value chains and supply chain managementILRI
Presented by Karl M. Rich at the Training program for “Methods for livestock value chain analysis: Qualitative and quantitative methods”, ILRI, Nairobi, 1 July 2013
Uses of the value chain approach in livestock and beefILRI
Presentation by Theo Knight-Jones at a workshop on animal health challenges to Southern Africa–EU beef export trade, Gaborone, Botswana, 8-9 September 2015.
Creating local employment in up and downstream value chains: Case of mining s...Isabelle Ramdoo
This presentation looks at jobs opportunities in the mining sector in Ghana. It looks at both upstream and downstream value chains and at the challenges and opportunities in the mining sector. Some lessons are drawn for the oil and gas sector
Local content policies in the mining sector: lessons, challenges and new toolsIsabelle Ramdoo
This presentation is based on an expert paper, that unpacks local content policies in the mining sector. It highlights the different mechanisms and tools that governments can use to implement such policies as well as other voluntary initiatives used by mining industry. Finally it stresses on opportunities and challenges faced in designing such policies.
Workshop 2: Value Chain Development and Inclusive Business Models at The Caribbean-Pacific Agri-Food Forum 2015 (CPAF2015) taking place 2-6 November in Barbados with support from the Intra-ACP Agricultural Policy programme, organized in partnership with the Barbados Agricultural Society (BAS) and the Inter-American Institute for Cooperation on Agriculture (IICA). http://www.cta.int/en/news/caribbean-pacific-agri-food-forum.html
Webinar about the new book "Value Chain Development and The Poor: Promise, delivery, and opportunities for impact at scale" (eds. Jason Donovan, Dietmar Stoian, and Jon Hellin), recorded on June 17, 2021. For more information and video recording, visit https://bit.ly/3goPP5r
New ICT solutions for agricultural development are being developed at break-neck speed, and its hard to keep track of what’s out there, what works, and how it best fits into your project. At this month’s Tech Talk, GBI will demonstrate how ICT applications can complement a value chain approach to agricultural development, and we will bring in users and developers of these apps to explain their tools and how they are implemented. We’ll also unveil a new and useful interactive tool “Ag Apps Along the Value Chain,” that maps a collected inventory of over 120 apps and ICT solutions along the agricultural value chain.
Approaches to value chain analysis for sheep and goat value chains developmen...ILRI
Presented by Getachew Legese (ICARDA consultant) at the ICARDA-ILRI Training on Tools for Rapid Assessment of Sheep and Goat Value Chains in Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, 5-8 November 2012
Sheep and goat value chains development in Ethiopia: Basic concepts of value ...ILRI
Presented by Getachew Legese (ICARDA) at the Workshop on ICARDA-ILRI Training on Tools for Benchmarking Sheep and Goat Value Chains in Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, 6-9 November 2013
The Value Chain Approach to Economic Growth and Poverty ReductionJason Wolfe
Overview of USAID's value chain approach delivered at the 16th Session of the United Nations Commission on Sustainable Development Learning Centre, 6 May 2008
Introduction to agricultural value chains and supply chain managementILRI
Presented by Karl M. Rich at the Training program for “Methods for livestock value chain analysis: Qualitative and quantitative methods”, ILRI, Nairobi, 1 July 2013
Uses of the value chain approach in livestock and beefILRI
Presentation by Theo Knight-Jones at a workshop on animal health challenges to Southern Africa–EU beef export trade, Gaborone, Botswana, 8-9 September 2015.
Creating local employment in up and downstream value chains: Case of mining s...Isabelle Ramdoo
This presentation looks at jobs opportunities in the mining sector in Ghana. It looks at both upstream and downstream value chains and at the challenges and opportunities in the mining sector. Some lessons are drawn for the oil and gas sector
Local content policies in the mining sector: lessons, challenges and new toolsIsabelle Ramdoo
This presentation is based on an expert paper, that unpacks local content policies in the mining sector. It highlights the different mechanisms and tools that governments can use to implement such policies as well as other voluntary initiatives used by mining industry. Finally it stresses on opportunities and challenges faced in designing such policies.
Building supply chain potential in the mining sector in GhanaIsabelle Ramdoo
This presentation looks at the potential to build stronger and deeper supply chains in the mining sector in Ghana. It is based on a comprehensive study that looks at the local economic development in the mining sector in Ghana
What prospects, instruments and challenges for African economies?
Conference on Local Content Policy in the Extractive Sector in Africa
Isabelle Ramdoo
Deputy Head of Programme, Economic Transformation and Trade, ECDPM
21 – 22 April 2015, Nairobi, Kenya
Local content in the extractive sector: what opportunities in a challenging e...Isabelle Ramdoo
This presentation looks at local content policies in the extractive sector. It focuses in particular at the opportunities for developing countries in a challenging global environment
Skills development in the mining sector: Making more strategic use of local c...Isabelle Ramdoo
This presentation focuses essentially on the skills dimension of local content policies, and the need to lay a particular attention on training, competencies and skills strategies for future jobs in the mining sector
An overview of IGF Guidance Local content policiesIsabelle Ramdoo
In 2018, IGF released a Guidance to the attention of governments on the design of local content policies. The Guidance provides the key steps that are necessary for effective policy design, and highlights the necessary pre-requisits that need to be in place for successful policies. Key instruments of local content are also highlighted. The Guidance is informed by case studies of successful and failed policies.
The Productivity Commission has just released its final report on boosting productivity in the services sector. The report shines a spotlight on the critical role that the sector plays in the New Zealand economy and includes a raft of recommendations to lift its performance. Implementing these recommendations would sharpen competition in the sector and help firms in the services sector to more effectively harness information and communications technology (ICT). The Commission believes that these recommendations can make a significant contribution to lifting the sector’s productivity, and to New Zealand’s overall economic performance.
a complete styduy of how strategic management concepts are actually practiced in practical world we have made different models of management for lucky cement after gathering a detailed information good luck :)
A review of technological trends in the mining sectorIsabelle Ramdoo
This presentation is based on a Paper that maps the technological trends coming on stream in the mining sector and the likely implications those will have on local content and employment, in particular
Anchoring mineral infrastructure in regional integration: what role for polic...Isabelle Ramdoo
This paper is based on an expert paper written for the E15 Initiative working group on extractive industries. It focuses on the opportunities to anchor mineral infrastructure in regional integration for broader economic development and diversification. The presentation looks at potential synergies and the role for policy makers.
How is technological development is changing the face of mining in Africa?Isabelle Ramdoo
This presentation highlights new technological trends unfolding in the mining sector, and the likely impacts in Africa. In particular, it highlights the main types of technologies relevant to mining and the likely implications for local content policies and employment.
This presentation highlights the main rationale for local content policies in the mining sector. It highlights in particular arguments around the importance of using the mining sector as a stepping stone for broader diversification.
The presentation unpacks the key concepts covered by local content policies in the mining sector. It highlights in particular the key characteristics of local content policies and the link between LCPs and the international trade and investment frameworks.
Unpacking local content requirements in the extractive sectorIsabelle Ramdoo
The E15 Initiative Expert Group on Trade and Investment in the Extractive Sector commissioned a paper on local content requirements. This presentation outlines the key elements of the Paper and unpacks the key characteristics of local content requirements.
Establishing Regional Centres of Excellence on the Blue Economy in the Indian...Isabelle Ramdoo
This presentation makes the case for the establishment of Regional Centres of Excellence on the Blue Economy in the Indian Ocean, to support African countries in making the most of their opportunities.
Cette présentation brosse un tableau de la contribution du secteur minier en Afrique. L'exemple du Ghana est brièvement présenté. La présentation parle également de l'impact des nouvelles technologie sur le secteur minier.
Cette présentation présente les fondements théoriques de la politique industrielle. Elle recadre le débat sur dans l'histoire de la pensée économique. Un bref aperçu des étapes clés de la politique industrielle en Afrique de l'Ouest est présenté.
Ressources minières et industrialisation: Les liens et les politiques de cont...Isabelle Ramdoo
Cette présentation est particulièrement axée sur le lien entre les politiques minières et l'industrialisation. Elle traite essentiellement des liens qui peuvent être exploitées par le biais des politiques de contenu local. Les mécanismes et les instruments de politiques de contenu local y sont présentés ainsi que les conditions préalables qui doivent être mis en place pour que les politiques fonctionnent.
Les nouvelles politiques industrielles: Les chaines de valeurIsabelle Ramdoo
Cette présentation sur les nouvelles politiques industrielles couvre plus particulièrement les chaines de valeur et leur importance pour les économies en développement.
Quelques potentiels y sont présentés: celles-ci sont particulièrement importantes pour l'Afrique de l'ouest. Quelques pistes pour améliorer la participation des pays de l'Afrique de l'ouest sont également présentées.
Cette présentation introduit les grandes questions relatives aux nouvelles politiques industrielles. Elle introduit les concepts clés, les fondements théoriques et les caractérisques clés de l'industrialisation 4.0/
how to sell pi coins at high rate quickly.DOT TECH
Where can I sell my pi coins at a high rate.
Pi is not launched yet on any exchange. But one can easily sell his or her pi coins to investors who want to hold pi till mainnet launch.
This means crypto whales want to hold pi. And you can get a good rate for selling pi to them. I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi vendor below.
A vendor is someone who buys from a miner and resell it to a holder or crypto whale.
Here is the telegram contact of my vendor:
@Pi_vendor_247
Introduction to Indian Financial System ()Avanish Goel
The financial system of a country is an important tool for economic development of the country, as it helps in creation of wealth by linking savings with investments.
It facilitates the flow of funds form the households (savers) to business firms (investors) to aid in wealth creation and development of both the parties
what is the future of Pi Network currency.DOT TECH
The future of the Pi cryptocurrency is uncertain, and its success will depend on several factors. Pi is a relatively new cryptocurrency that aims to be user-friendly and accessible to a wide audience. Here are a few key considerations for its future:
Message: @Pi_vendor_247 on telegram if u want to sell PI COINS.
1. Mainnet Launch: As of my last knowledge update in January 2022, Pi was still in the testnet phase. Its success will depend on a successful transition to a mainnet, where actual transactions can take place.
2. User Adoption: Pi's success will be closely tied to user adoption. The more users who join the network and actively participate, the stronger the ecosystem can become.
3. Utility and Use Cases: For a cryptocurrency to thrive, it must offer utility and practical use cases. The Pi team has talked about various applications, including peer-to-peer transactions, smart contracts, and more. The development and implementation of these features will be essential.
4. Regulatory Environment: The regulatory environment for cryptocurrencies is evolving globally. How Pi navigates and complies with regulations in various jurisdictions will significantly impact its future.
5. Technology Development: The Pi network must continue to develop and improve its technology, security, and scalability to compete with established cryptocurrencies.
6. Community Engagement: The Pi community plays a critical role in its future. Engaged users can help build trust and grow the network.
7. Monetization and Sustainability: The Pi team's monetization strategy, such as fees, partnerships, or other revenue sources, will affect its long-term sustainability.
It's essential to approach Pi or any new cryptocurrency with caution and conduct due diligence. Cryptocurrency investments involve risks, and potential rewards can be uncertain. The success and future of Pi will depend on the collective efforts of its team, community, and the broader cryptocurrency market dynamics. It's advisable to stay updated on Pi's development and follow any updates from the official Pi Network website or announcements from the team.
What price will pi network be listed on exchangesDOT TECH
The rate at which pi will be listed is practically unknown. But due to speculations surrounding it the predicted rate is tends to be from 30$ — 50$.
So if you are interested in selling your pi network coins at a high rate tho. Or you can't wait till the mainnet launch in 2026. You can easily trade your pi coins with a merchant.
A merchant is someone who buys pi coins from miners and resell them to Investors looking forward to hold massive quantities till mainnet launch.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi vendor to trade with.
@Pi_vendor_247
The secret way to sell pi coins effortlessly.DOT TECH
Well as we all know pi isn't launched yet. But you can still sell your pi coins effortlessly because some whales in China are interested in holding massive pi coins. And they are willing to pay good money for it. If you are interested in selling I will leave a contact for you. Just telegram this number below. I sold about 3000 pi coins to him and he paid me immediately.
Telegram: @Pi_vendor_247
How to get verified on Coinbase Account?_.docxBuy bitget
t's important to note that buying verified Coinbase accounts is not recommended and may violate Coinbase's terms of service. Instead of searching to "buy verified Coinbase accounts," follow the proper steps to verify your own account to ensure compliance and security.
Financial Assets: Debit vs Equity Securities.pptxWrito-Finance
financial assets represent claim for future benefit or cash. Financial assets are formed by establishing contracts between participants. These financial assets are used for collection of huge amounts of money for business purposes.
Two major Types: Debt Securities and Equity Securities.
Debt Securities are Also known as fixed-income securities or instruments. The type of assets is formed by establishing contracts between investor and issuer of the asset.
• The first type of Debit securities is BONDS. Bonds are issued by corporations and government (both local and national government).
• The second important type of Debit security is NOTES. Apart from similarities associated with notes and bonds, notes have shorter term maturity.
• The 3rd important type of Debit security is TRESURY BILLS. These securities have short-term ranging from three months, six months, and one year. Issuer of such securities are governments.
• Above discussed debit securities are mostly issued by governments and corporations. CERTIFICATE OF DEPOSITS CDs are issued by Banks and Financial Institutions. Risk factor associated with CDs gets reduced when issued by reputable institutions or Banks.
Following are the risk attached with debt securities: Credit risk, interest rate risk and currency risk
There are no fixed maturity dates in such securities, and asset’s value is determined by company’s performance. There are two major types of equity securities: common stock and preferred stock.
Common Stock: These are simple equity securities and bear no complexities which the preferred stock bears. Holders of such securities or instrument have the voting rights when it comes to select the company’s board of director or the business decisions to be made.
Preferred Stock: Preferred stocks are sometime referred to as hybrid securities, because it contains elements of both debit security and equity security. Preferred stock confers ownership rights to security holder that is why it is equity instrument
<a href="https://www.writofinance.com/equity-securities-features-types-risk/" >Equity securities </a> as a whole is used for capital funding for companies. Companies have multiple expenses to cover. Potential growth of company is required in competitive market. So, these securities are used for capital generation, and then uses it for company’s growth.
Concluding remarks
Both are employed in business. Businesses are often established through debit securities, then what is the need for equity securities. Companies have to cover multiple expenses and expansion of business. They can also use equity instruments for repayment of debits. So, there are multiple uses for securities. As an investor, you need tools for analysis. Investment decisions are made by carefully analyzing the market. For better analysis of the stock market, investors often employ financial analysis of companies.
What website can I sell pi coins securely.DOT TECH
Currently there are no website or exchange that allow buying or selling of pi coins..
But you can still easily sell pi coins, by reselling it to exchanges/crypto whales interested in holding thousands of pi coins before the mainnet launch.
Who is a pi merchant?
A pi merchant is someone who buys pi coins from miners and resell to these crypto whales and holders of pi..
This is because pi network is not doing any pre-sale. The only way exchanges can get pi is by buying from miners and pi merchants stands in between the miners and the exchanges.
How can I sell my pi coins?
Selling pi coins is really easy, but first you need to migrate to mainnet wallet before you can do that. I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade with.
Tele-gram.
@Pi_vendor_247
how can I sell pi coins after successfully completing KYCDOT TECH
Pi coins is not launched yet in any exchange 💱 this means it's not swappable, the current pi displaying on coin market cap is the iou version of pi. And you can learn all about that on my previous post.
RIGHT NOW THE ONLY WAY you can sell pi coins is through verified pi merchants. A pi merchant is someone who buys pi coins and resell them to exchanges and crypto whales. Looking forward to hold massive quantities of pi coins before the mainnet launch.
This is because pi network is not doing any pre-sale or ico offerings, the only way to get my coins is from buying from miners. So a merchant facilitates the transactions between the miners and these exchanges holding pi.
I and my friends has sold more than 6000 pi coins successfully with this method. I will be happy to share the contact of my personal pi merchant. The one i trade with, if you have your own merchant you can trade with them. For those who are new.
Message: @Pi_vendor_247 on telegram.
I wouldn't advise you selling all percentage of the pi coins. Leave at least a before so its a win win during open mainnet. Have a nice day pioneers ♥️
#kyc #mainnet #picoins #pi #sellpi #piwallet
#pinetwork
how to swap pi coins to foreign currency withdrawable.DOT TECH
As of my last update, Pi is still in the testing phase and is not tradable on any exchanges.
However, Pi Network has announced plans to launch its Testnet and Mainnet in the future, which may include listing Pi on exchanges.
The current method for selling pi coins involves exchanging them with a pi vendor who purchases pi coins for investment reasons.
If you want to sell your pi coins, reach out to a pi vendor and sell them to anyone looking to sell pi coins from any country around the globe.
Below is the contact information for my personal pi vendor.
Telegram: @Pi_vendor_247
how can i use my minded pi coins I need some funds.DOT TECH
If you are interested in selling your pi coins, i have a verified pi merchant, who buys pi coins and resell them to exchanges looking forward to hold till mainnet launch.
Because the core team has announced that pi network will not be doing any pre-sale. The only way exchanges like huobi, bitmart and hotbit can get pi is by buying from miners.
Now a merchant stands in between these exchanges and the miners. As a link to make transactions smooth. Because right now in the enclosed mainnet you can't sell pi coins your self. You need the help of a merchant,
i will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant below. 👇 I and my friends has traded more than 3000pi coins with him successfully.
@Pi_vendor_247
The Evolution of Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs) in India: Challenges...beulahfernandes8
Role in Financial System
NBFCs are critical in bridging the financial inclusion gap.
They provide specialized financial services that cater to segments often neglected by traditional banks.
Economic Impact
NBFCs contribute significantly to India's GDP.
They support sectors like micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs), housing finance, and personal loans.
Empowering the Unbanked: The Vital Role of NBFCs in Promoting Financial Inclu...Vighnesh Shashtri
In India, financial inclusion remains a critical challenge, with a significant portion of the population still unbanked. Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs) have emerged as key players in bridging this gap by providing financial services to those often overlooked by traditional banking institutions. This article delves into how NBFCs are fostering financial inclusion and empowering the unbanked.
how to sell pi coins effectively (from 50 - 100k pi)DOT TECH
Anywhere in the world, including Africa, America, and Europe, you can sell Pi Network Coins online and receive cash through online payment options.
Pi has not yet been launched on any exchange because we are currently using the confined Mainnet. The planned launch date for Pi is June 28, 2026.
Reselling to investors who want to hold until the mainnet launch in 2026 is currently the sole way to sell.
Consequently, right now. All you need to do is select the right pi network provider.
Who is a pi merchant?
An individual who buys coins from miners on the pi network and resells them to investors hoping to hang onto them until the mainnet is launched is known as a pi merchant.
debuts.
I'll provide you the Telegram username
@Pi_vendor_247
Scaling up value addition and local development in Ghana's mineral sector
1. Scaling up value addition and local development in Ghana’s
mineral sector
Isabelle Ramdoo, Senior Advisor
African Minerals Development Centre
Accra, Ghana
27 – 31 March 2017
2. OUTLINE
1. Overview of the mining sector to value creation
a. Economic contribution of the mining sector in Ghana in a
nutshell
b. Scope of the Study
2.Summary of findings: Key challenges to suppliers development
a. Policy landscape
b. Business and investment environment
c. Market size
d. Skills and technological capacities
3.Next steps: Fostering the 3C’s – capacities, capabilities and
competitiveness
4. Foreign Direct Investment
Mining dominates total FDI flows
Exports
Mining exports constitute a
significant share of foreign
revenue
Fiscal revenue
Mining taxation key
to total tax revenues
National
income
Jobs
> 50
35
16
2.3
1.1
National contributions of mining (%), 2014
1.a Economic contribution of mining in Ghana in a nutshell
Contribution of the
mining sector
should not be
underestimated.
Generally more
significant in
terms of FDI
inflows, export and
fiscal revenues
But much less
impressive in
terms of local value
added, business
spillovers and
employment
creation
5. Despite substantial contribution, the sector has largely under-performed on 2
elements:
(i)Capacity to generate employment opportunities through linkages. Mining is
capital intensive & accounts for barely 1% of direct jobs. Opportunities are
skewed: a lot of temporary unskilled prospects during construction phase, but
essentially high-skilled demand during production phase.
But potential through linkages is significant – for every direct job created, the
no. of indirect jobs supported can be significant
Country Mining
Ghana 15 – 21**
South Africa 1.9
Tanzania > 3
Chile 7
In Ghana, the number is high because
of the inclusion of informal employment
in trade and agriculture sectors. Due to
the low productivity of the informal
sector, small amount of procurement or
household spending can support many
informal jobs. Other countries only
include formal job potential.
S. Redqueen: 2017
** Multiplier ranges from 15 according to
ICMM to 21 according to Newmont
Job multipliers in the mining sector
6. (ii) Its capacity to create industrial linkages, in particular by fostering the
development of a strong suppliers’ base, which could tap into procurement
needs of mining companies, and use this as a springboard to connect to other
economic sectors.
We estimated that mining companies spent a total of US$ 17.5 billion in local
procurement in 2015 (48% of their total expenditure). Scope is therefore
significant for local suppliers, if the conditions are right
7. 1.b Scope of the Study
ü AMDC in partnership with BGR, conducted an in-depth Study to scrutinise
the mineral policy and overall business framework, within which local
businesses operate in Ghana.
ü The Study outlined the critical barriers that affect the capacity of the work
force as well as the capabilities and competitiveness of suppliers, which in
turn impact on their ability to take up opportunities that the mining industry
could provide.
ü The mining industry is viewed as an anchor client, but ultimately the
purpose of the exercise is to connect the mining industry with the rest
of the economy to ensure broad-based diversification.
8. 2. Summary of findings: Key challenges to suppliers
development
9. 1. The policy landscape
• Assessed policy environment in Ghana, in particular current policy
framework to optimise the contribution of the sector
• Too focused on rent maximisation, insufficient in relations to
supply chain development
• Key policy is local content. First assessment (2015) gave positive
signals, but seems second assessment will be less satisfactory,
notably due to supply side constraints
• Current list seems to focus on’ low hanging fruits’. What is lacking
is strategy to reinforce industrial capacity and capacity of
service providers so that new supply opportunities can be
offered
• Also seems to be disconnected from investment policy and
trade policy (e.g. Free Zone cap on domestic supply; and capital
requirements on foreign investment seems to limit FDI or JVs with
local firms; complex corporate tax policies etc. )
10. 2. Business and investment landscape
Thorough assess of the investment and business climate to
identify the hurdles facing suppliers’ development in Ghana.
Following challenges identified:
1. Systemic challenges: Over the years, Ghana has been
slowly de-industrializing in recent years: In 2016, share
industry to GDP was at 23.6% compared to 26.5% in 2012;
share of global manufacturing output is negligible
Industrial tissue is weak, business climate sometimes stiff;
access to finance for SMEs; small market size; large
informal sector; small size of firms.
11. Figure 1: Share of industry is declining
0
100 000
200 000
300 000
400 000
500 000
600 000
Micro (≤5
employees)
Small (6 - 30
employees)
Medium (31
- 100
employees)
Large (≥100
employees)
No. of employees 509033,0 117329,0 9333,0 2539,0
No.ofestablishments
Figure 3: Distribution of non-household firms by size, 2014
Agriculture Industry Services Total
76
46,2
37,9 40,1
24
53,8
62,1 59,9
Formal Informal
Figure 2: Share of persons engaged, informal and
formal sector, 2014
Ghana’s industrial landscape in a nutshell
0
20 000
40 000
60 000
80 000
100 000
120 000
140 000
160 000
W
estern
region
C
entralregion
G
reaterAccraVolta
R
egion
Eastern
Region
Ashanti
Brong
Ahafo
N
orthern
region
U
pperregion
U
pperw
estregion
Large Medium Small Micro
No.ofestablishments
Figure 4: Firms’ distribution by region and
size, 2014
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Agriculture 26,77 23,67 22,16 21,82 21,96 21,65 21,67
Industry 21,00 26,00 26,50 26,30 25,30 24,80 23,60
Services 48,60 46,62 47,80 49,01 49,76 50,39 51,51
0,00
10,00
20,00
30,00
40,00
50,00
60,00
ShareofrealGDP(%)
Of these, 86% informal
(92% in industry)
12. 2. Low firms’ productivity and weak competitiveness of
the economy hinder the ability of firms to take advantage
of openings
3. Chronic infrastructure deficits (including to trade
across borders) driving up costs of doing business and
affecting productivity; E.g. power shortages and other
logistical challenges, significantly drive up the cost of doing
business for local suppliers, making them uncompetitive
etc.;
3. Institutional challenges and insufficient structured
dialogue between public and private sector concerning
supply development
13. 3. Market size
• Market size is currently too small (next presentation)
• Need to look beyond mining sector find scale, notably by
establishing linkages with other economic sectors, including
through clusters (next presentation)
• Need to look beyond Ghana : the local market may not be
significant enough if the country wants to attract suppliers,
including from abroad. Therefore a regional/ international
perspective is necessary, as this will provide wider markets to
suppliers
14. 4. Skills and technological challenges
Study identified a number of challenges relating to:
(a) Low labour productivity, due to low technical skills/
highly qualified labour for what is required for the mining
supply chain
(b) Non-existence of a skills strategy to define the long-
term needs of the labour market and firms’ needs
(c) Low Govt spending on R&D; lack of facilities to
stimulate innovation, in particular to support SMEs to find
solutions to technical specs challenges;
(d) Weak technological absorptive capacity
16. Fostering the 3C’s - Capacities, Capabilities and Competitiveness
On the basis of the Analysis, we looked at what could be done concretely to foster
local sourcing and uptake from domestic suppliers, notably by building capacities
and skills, scaling up production capabilities and improving competitiveness of
suppliers.
We propose the setting up a National Suppliers Development Programme aimed
at enabling suppliers and their ecosystems to deliver world-class products and
services and meet changing competitive requirements.
Two distinct but complementary elements
Workforce development:
> Reforming the labour market from informal to formal;
> Adapting the curriculum: moving towards more scientific
educational training;
> Training schemes; on-the-job training;
> Transfer of know-how
> Capacity building and skills development;
> Movement of talents, skills and competencies
> Access to knowledge; exchange of ideas
Suppliers’ development
> Empowering existing suppliers;
> Supporting new suppliers;
> Identifying potential/ future suppliers;
> Setting up solid networks of suppliers (supply-
side), industries (demand-side) and institutions;
> Availability of support services and infrastructure
for business development;
> Access to technology and know-how;
> Support to innovation, business incubators, start-
ups
17. The objective is two fold:
(i)To improve the efficiency of supply by scaling up competencies:
the level of skills in a country is an important determinant of the ability
to absorb technology and adapt to the exigencies of a demanding
client, like the mining industry. The programme cannot rely on low-
skilled labour.
•
(i)To provide incentives to link suppliers with large firms, not only
in the extractive sector but perhaps, more importantly, with the rest of
the economy.
18. Success will depend on strategic partnerships between the public and
the private sector as well as with research institutions. In particular
dedicated responsibilities for Government and private sector to provide:
a. Administrative support (e.g. creating national online platforms to
share information about procurement; networks of suppliers);
b. Technical support (e.g. on product design, standards setting and
support to meet those; access to high tech equipment and facilities;
development cooperation including though JVs and B2B);
c. Financial support (access to finance, special initiatives such as
business incubators, innovation hubs; govt subsidies to support
R&D) and
d. Institutional support (e.g. by supporting existing institutions or
creating new ones, to support policy coherence and coordination but
also to ensure that specific areas, such as productivity and
competitiveness get the necessary attention)