Scaffolding safety procedures and its types

Nasim Khan
MDP Consultant & Coach
MDP Consultant & Coach nasim.khan@3ptraining.org

Scaffold Designs

Working at height ;
Staging Platforms & Stairs in
Boiler & Turbine area of Power Plant Erection ;
Scaffolding

Pics of scaffolding in power plant
Fatalities in Construction (OSHA)
Fall Protection (3 methods):
•Fall Prevention (e.g.,
guardrail system)
•Work Positioning, secures
you to a location, thus
preventing a fall
•Fall Arrest Systems,
consisting of a full body
harness, lanyard, and
anchorage

Statutory Requirements for Scaffolding :
• Employers must include scaffold safety training in their accident
prevention program if erecting, dismantling, and using scaffolds in
their work operations.
• The employer must ensure that the scaffold and its components
are capable of supporting, without failure, not less than four (4)
times the maximum intended load.
• Scaffolds and scaffold components must be inspected for visible
defects by a competent person before each work shift and after
any occurrence that could affect a scaffold’s structural integrity.

Competent person
• Inspect scaffolding and
components prior to each work
shift
• Determine feasibility of providing
fall protection and access
• Evaluate connections to support
load and prevent swaying
• Determine structural soundness
when intermixing components
manufacturer
• Train erectors and dismantlers to
recognize work hazards

standards

Specifications and Procedures of Scaffolding erection
All Scaffold components shall conform to relevant Indian Standard, IS:4014 (for Steel Tubular), IS:3696 (Part-1). They shall be
maintained in good condition. Damaged or deteriorated components shall not be used. Tube shall be free of cracks, surface
flaws and other defects. Also, Tubes shall be straight. All tubes should be maintained in good condition and regularly inspected.
Fittings should be regularly examined. Moving parts should be regularly lubricated for easy movement.
Metallic Planks shall only be used and Timber or Aluminum Scaffolding shall not be used in the Refinery. The Planks of Scaffold
should overhang not less than 6" but not more than 12" on either end. They should be securely fastened on both ends and laid
tight.
All elevated Structures/Working Platform areas should be guarded on all sides.
All Platforms shall be provided with Guardrails, Toe-Boards and means of access. Planks shall be secured from movement by
Metal Wire or Clamp. Nylon or other Combustible materials should not be used.
Scaffolds should be designed to support at least 4 times the anticipated Weight of Men and Materials.
Ensure that all Scaffolds are plumb and level at all times.
Manila/Cotton Ropes should not be used for erecting Scaffolds.
Scaffolding must be constructed with at least 2 Planks width.
A good Base for the Scaffold is essential. So, the Ground or Floor on which the Scaffolding is going to stand should be carefully
examined. Loose Soil or backfilled Ground shall be avoided to support load of the Scaffold. Sole Plates of at least 9" x 1½"
(230mm x 40mm) cross-section are required to spread the Load on Earth, made-up Ground, Asphalted surface, etc.
Standards/Posts shall be pitched on the Base Plates and Sole Plates or Sleepers. Standards shall not be spaced more than 2
Meters Longitudinally

Section 32(b) of Factories Act,1948 there shall, so far as is reasonably practicable
be provided and maintained safe means of access to every place at which any
person is at any time required to work;
Section 32 (c) of Factories Act,1948 when any person has to work at a height from where
he is likely to fall, provision shall be made, so far as is reasonably practicable, by fencing or
otherwise, to ensure the safety of the person so working.
Section 33 of Factories Act,1948 Rule 42(5) In every factory every fixed vessel, sump,
tank, pit or opening in the ground or in a floor which, by reason of its depth, situation,
construction or contents, is or may be a source of danger, shall be either securely covered
or securely fenced.
Rule 42(6) of WB BOCW Rule,2004 Wherever building workers at a building or other
construction work are exposed to the hazards of falling from height while emploed on such
work, they shall be provided by the employer with adequate equipment or means for saving
them from such hazards. Such equipment or means shall be in accordance with the
national standards
Rule 42(5) In every factory every fixed vessel, sump, tank, pit or opening in the ground or
in a floor which, by reason of its depth, situation, construction or contents, is or may be
asource of danger, shall be either securely covered or Safely guarded or securely fenced.

The word Scaffolding means Erecting a
Temporary Structure to Support Crew of Men At
Workmen at Height & To Support Staging
Of Materials Or Equipments at a Specific Height

FUNCTION
 As a working platform
- so that the worker can stand on the platform do the
work easily & safely
 As a platform for placing material & logistic needed by the
workers to carry out their job
 As a platform and walking passage
- scaffolding support the platform that been used by the
worker as their walking path to transport the material &
logistic

TWO BROAD TYPES OF SCAFFOLDING
A
Supported Scaffold
Welded Frame Scaffold
Tube & Fittings
Mobile Scaffold
B
Suspension Scaffold
 Single point suspension
Double Point Suspension
Bostwain Scaffold

2 Basic forms of scaffolding are as follows:
• Putlog Scaffold
- Single row of uprights / standards set outside the
perimeter of the building.
- It’s a partly supported by the structure
• Independent Scaffolds
- It have 2 rows of standards that are tied by cross
members called transoms.

Independent Scaffold :
• This scaffold has 2 rows of standards that are toed by
cross members called transoms.
• This scaffold doesn’t rely upon the building for support
• Suitable for use in conjunction with framed structures.

Putlog Scaffolds :
• It consists of a single row of uprights or standards set
away from the wall at a distance that will accommodate
the required width of the working platform
• The standards are joined together with horizontal
members called “ledgers”
• The ledgers are tied to the building with cross members
called putlog.
• It is erected as the building rises & mostly used for
buildings of traditional brick construction

Putlog Scaffold tied into the brickwork using putlogs or
tubes with putlog adaptors

There are different names of scaffolding types :
• Single scaffolding
• Double scaffolding
• Steel or tubular scaffolding
• Cantilever or needle scaffolding
• Qucikstage modular scaffold
• Mobile scaffolding

Other Types Of Scaffold :
Besides putlog depended scaffold & supported
independent scaffold there are other types of
scaffoldings such as :
• Slung Scaffold
• Truss-Out Scaffold
• Suspended Scaffolds
• Mobile Tower Scaffold
• Birdcage Scaffolds
• Gantries

Scaffold can be made of the following material:
a) Tubular steel
b) Tubular aluminium alloy
c) Timber

Tube and Coupler scaffold
• Transverse bracing forming an "X" across the width of the scaffold
must be installed at the scaffold ends, and at least at:
– Every third set of posts horizontally (measured from only one end)
– Every fourth runner vertically
• Bracing must extend upward diagonally to opposite sides of the
scaffold
• Where length is greater than their height, longitudinal bracing must
be repeated beginning at least at every fifth post
• On outside posts, tube and coupler guardrails and midrails may be
used in lieu of outside runners

Fabricated frame
• Existing platforms remain
until the frames are set /
braced
– Joined with stack pin
• Must be designed by
registered engineer when
over 125 ft.

Supported Scaffolds
• Ladder Jack
• Pump Jack
• Frame or Fabricated
• Tube and Coupler
• Mobile
• Specialty
• Pole

Dependent Scaffold
A scaffold, which has two
lines of standards, one
supporting the outside of the
deck and one the inside. It is
not free standing being
connected or tied to the
building or a structure.

Bird-cage scaffolds
are constructed in a
grid pattern using
standards arranged at
regular intervals in
parallel lines.
BIRD CAGE SCAFFOLD

Trestle Scaffolding:
• Working platforms consisting of the metal trestle and horizontal
planks or metal decking.
• Parts can also be made of wood.
• It can be used up to 3 meters high. When used in the vicinity of
openings with a risk of more than 2 meters falls, collective protection
must be used.

Steel Scaffolding :
• Steel scaffolding is made up of steel tubes.
• They are joined by steel fittings or couplers.
• These are its scaffold fittings. It’s simple to erect and dismantle.
• Though it is not affordable cost wise, it provides greater safety for
workers. That’s the precise reason it is used so widely these days.
• It has better robustness,greater durability & superior fire resistance.

Patented Scaffolding :
• Patented scaffoldings are also made up of steel and joined with
special Scaffolding materials -couplings and frames.
• Working platform is set on the brackets that are adjustable to the
required level in this type of scaffolding.
• These are ready-made scaffoldings that are obtainable on the market.

Suspended Scaffolding :
• Suspended scaffolding helps workers for paintings, repair works, etc.
with the assistance of chains or wire ropes etc., the working platform
is suspended from roofs.
• It can be lifted or lowered to the desired level.

Boatswain’s Chair :
Seat slings must:
• Pass through four corner holes in the seat,
• Cross on the underside of the seat,
• Be rigged to prevent slippage which could cause the chair to be
out-of-level, and
• Be at least 5/8” diameter fiber, synthetic, or other first-grade manila
rope of equivalent criteria (strength, slip resistance, durability, etc.).

Aluminium Scaffolding :
• Need protective treatment when they are to be used in contact with
materials such as damp line, wet cement & sea water to prevent
corrosion to the tubes.
• Coating the tube with bitumastic paint before using it would be a
suitable protective treatment.

Timber Scaffolding :
• Extensively used in the developing country
• Members are lashed together with wire or rope instead of the
coupling fittings used with metal scaffolds.

Bamboo Sacffolding (In Hong Kong)

Bamboo Scaffolding

Mobile Tower Scaffold :
• The mobile scaffold would have small tyres under the standards.
• Designed to be easily moved
• Commonly used for things such as painting and plastering, where
workers must frequently change position.
• Used mainly by painters & maintenance to gain access to ceilings.

Specialty Scaffolds :
Specialty Scaffolds are designed for a narrow and very specific
range of applications. Specialty Scaffolds Include:
• Plasterers, ‘Decorators', and
other large-area scaffolds;
• Bricklayers' square scaffolds;
• Horse scaffolds
• Outrigger scaffolds
• Step, platform, and trestle
ladder scaffolds
• Form and carpenter's bracket
scaffolds
• Window jack scaffolds;
• Crawling boards and chicken
ladders
• Roof bracket scaffolds.

Light duty mobile aluminium scaffolds
Scaffolds :
Outrigger beams must be:
• Secured in place to prevent movement, and
• Securely braced at the fulcrum point to prevent tipping.

Pump jack
• Brackets, braces must be fabricated from
metal plates and angles
• Each bracket must have two positive
gripping mechanisms
• Workbench may be used as a top-rail
when guardrails used for fall protection
• Work benches must not be used as
scaffold platforms
• Poles must be secured to structure by
rigid triangular bracing, or equivalent

Ladder jack
• Must meet requirements of subpart
“X”, stairways and ladders
– Exception: Job-made ladders must not
be used to support ladder jack scaffolds
• Ladder jacks must be designed and
constructed to bear on:
– Side rails and ladder rungs, or
– Ladder rungs alone
• Ladders used to support ladder jack
scaffolds must be:
– Placed and fastened to prevent slipping

Suspended scaffolds
• Suspended scaffolds are
platforms suspended by
ropes, or other non-rigid
means, from an overhead
structure

Two point swing stage
• Platform limited to 36”
• Platform securely fastened to
hangars
• Platforms must be of ladder, plank
or beam type
• Must not be bridged together unless
bridge and hoist is appropriately
sized

Single-point adjustable
• Supporting rope between scaffold
and the suspension device must be
kept vertical unless:
– Rigging has been designed by a
qualified person
– Scaffold is accessible to rescuers
– Support rope is protected from
rubbing during direction changes, and
– Scaffold is positioned so swinging
cannot bring it into contact with other
surfaces

Multi-level
• Must be equipped with additional
independent support lines that are:
– Equal in number to number of points
supported
– Equal in strength to the suspension ropes
– Rigged to support scaffold if the suspension
ropes fail
• Independent support lines and
suspension ropes must not be anchored
to the same points
• Supports for platforms must be attached
directly to support stirrups (not to other
platforms)

1926.453 - Aerial lifts
• Must meet ANSI criteria
• Secured to lower traveling
position by a locking device
before moving
• Ensure proper fall protection
prior to using
– Includes use of guardrails
• Lifts must allow you to access
heights and work from a
protected area

Erecting the Scaffolding
Safety begins with properly erecting the scaffold. The footings should be rigid
and stable. Don’t use bricks, barrels, boxes or other objects that could shift or
move to support your scaffold. The planks of the scaffold should be strong
enough to hold four times the load that’s actually on them; if a scaffold is
designed to support one person, don’t let two people work on it at the same time.
The wire or rope that supports the scaffold must be able to support six times the
designated load for the scaffolding.
• The first step in the scaffold erection process is effective pre-
planning
• A qualified person should do adequate pre-planning to make
sure a plan has been develop to make sure the scaffold is
erected properly.
Successful pre-planning activities
include the following :
• Determine the type of scaffold
necessary for the job.
• Determine the maximum load of
the scaffold.
• Assure a good foundation.
• Avoid electrical hazards.

The factors that need to be considered during the
design process of scaffold are as follows:
• Easier to be erected
• Strong
• Light / Not heavy
• Safe
• Suitable
• Passage Link / Passage connecting to other places
• In sites wherein the workers need to be working with
electricity, there is a provision for insulation so as to
reduce the danger of any sort that can occur due to
electric shock.
• Scaffolding should be well-built and firm to support
workers and other construction material.

• Scaffolding differs according to each work.
• For the installation of scaffolding, there are other materials
that can be utilized like steel and they’re aluminum, timber
etc.
• Sometime pre-manufactured components of a single design scaffold is available as a
integrated kit .
Safety Equipment
Occupational Safety and Health Administration, or OSHA, guidelines
require workers to use fall protection – a safety harness or belt attached
to a stable structure, such as a building. This applies to employees who
are erecting a scaffold, as well as workers on the scaffolding. If you’re
working in a situation where there’s a danger of falling debris, you
should wear a hard hat. If you’re working on scaffolding over water,
such as in a shipyard, you should wear a life vest.

SCAFFOLD ELEMENTS

SCAFFOLD ELEMENTS
• Standards / “Tiang”
• Ledger / “belebas”
• Transom / “Pepat”
• Double Coupler / “Pengganding Berkembar”
• Swivel Coupler / “Pengganding Swivel”
• Putlog Coupler / “Pengganding Putlog”
• Base Plate /
• Split Joint Pin
• Reveal Pin
• Putlog End

a) Double Coupler
- the only real loadbearing fitting used in scaffolding
- used to join ledgers to standards

b) Swivel Coupler
- Composed of 2 single coupler riveted together
so that it is possible to rotate them & use them for
connecting 2 scaffold tubes at any angle.

c) Putlog Coupler
- use solely for fixing putlogs/transoms to the
horizontal ledgers.

d) Base Plate
- It is used to distribute the load from the foot of
a standard on to a sole plate or firm ground.

e) Split Joint Pin
- A connection fitting used to joint scaffold tubes
end to end.
- A centre bolt expands the 2 segments that grip
on the bore of the tubes

f) Reveal Pin
- Fits into the end of a tube to form an adjustable strut

g) Putlog End
- A flat plate that fits on the end of a scaffold tube to
convert it into a putlog

Manually Propelled Mobile Scaffolds :
• The load rating of the casters will limit the size, configuration, and
load capacity of the rolling tower. Casters must be rated 4 times
the maximum rated load of the scaffold
• Caster and wheel stem shall be pinned, bolted or otherwise
secured in scaffold legs or adjustment screws.

• Lock all casters before getting on a rolling tower.
• Casters shall remain locked while in use
Manually Propelled Mobile Scaffolds :

h) Transom
A horizontal transverse scaffold member, that may support platform
units, and which is supported by at least two ledgers or connected
directly to at least two standards.

i) Ledger
A lengthwise horizontal scaffold tube that extends from standard to
standard, that supports the transom and that forms a tie between the
standards.

Brace :
A member placed diagonally with respect to the vertical or horizontal
members of a scaffold and fixed them to afford stability.

“T” Fittings

“T” Fittings
“T” Fittings

Base Plate For Scaffold

Pitch Extension Ladders
• Extension ladders should
be used at a 4 to 1 pitch
(1.2 to .3 m).
• For every 4 ft. (1.2 m) in
height, the bottom of the
ladder should be 1 ft. (.3
m) away from the
structure.
82
Example:
20 ft. (height) ÷ 4 ft. = 5 ft. pitch

Proper Height Extension Ladders
When accessing another
level, the ladder must
extend at least 3ft. (0.9m)
above the landing to
provide a hand hold for
getting on and off the
ladder.
83
3 ft.

Secure and Stabilize Ladders, cont.
84

Step Ladders, cont.
• Stepladders are
designed for use in an
opened-and-locked
position.
86

Side and End Brackets :
• Side and end brackets are designed to support people ONLY.
• Brackets are not to be used on rolling towers
• Brackets introduce overturning and/or uplift forces.

Side and End Brackets :
• Do not store materials on side or end bracket platforms
• Only store materials on scaffolds which are for immediate use
• Do not overload platforms with materials.

webbings:
• webbings are welded frames to the standards or metal
made pipes for
Climbing ease of people .(patented pre fabricated fixed
design scaffold)

Scaffolding may not be
• erected
• moved
• dismantled
• altered
except by a competent person
Precautionary Notification ; A Must On Scaffolds

Scaffold Tagging & Inspection:

Access
ladders :
• Do not climb on cross members or railings
• Access ladders must be used; attachable ladders must extend 3
feet above platform

ladders
• Hook-on attachable ladders
– Specifically designed for type of
scaffold
– Lowest rung no more than 24 inches
above level on which scaffold is
supported
– Rest platforms at 35 foot intervals
when more than 35 feet high
– Minimum rung length 11 ½ inches,
and a maximum space between rungs
16 ¾ inches

Climb Safely :
• Face the rungs
• Use both hands
• Do not carry materials while you climb
• Keep one hand firmly on frame or ladder at all times
• Rungs and shoes should be clean to avoid slipping

Full Body Harness :
• Full body harness complete with rear dorsal ring (EN 361)
• 1.75m fixed length lanyard (EN 362)
• Shock absorbing device (EN 355)
• 55 mm opening scaffold hook for one handed operation (EN 362)

Stairways with four or more risers, or higher than 30 inches, must be
equipped with at least one handrail.
Handrails :

Stairways with four or more risers or more than 30 inches high must
have a stair rail along each unprotected side or edge.
Stair rails :

Handrail vs. Stairrail :
Stair rail Handrail
System

• Install between 30 and 50 degrees.
• Must have uniform riser height and tread depth, with less than a
1/4-inch variation.
Stairs :
No more than 1/4 inch
variation in any stairway system

Toe Board :
A barrier minimum 150 mm height to prevent slip/fall of material from
platform.

Overlap :
Each plank on a continuous run scaffold must extend over its
supports by at least 6” and overlap each other by at least 12”

Guardrails and Toeboards :
• Guardrails and toeboards must be put on all open sides and ends
of scaffolds 10’ or higher
• Screening required when materials are stacked higher than
toeboard

Ties, Guys, Bracing :
• Scaffolds must be secured to the structure when the height
exceeds 4 times the minimum base width
 every 30 horizontal feet
 every 20 feet or less (for scaffolds less than 3 feet wide) or 26 vertical feet
or less (for >3 feet wide)
 Outriggers, if used, must be installed on both sides

1 – Clean and Maintain :
Before anything else, clean the parts of your scaffolding. Simple
rinse with water and wipe down with a rag to prevent rust and build-
up. If necessary, use a sander to remove paint and other amassed
debris.
More importantly, keep track of all parts that are missing, loose,
rusted or need to be replaced. This should be done before any
storing.

2 – Organize :
You can keep your scaffolding organized by breaking down the
equipment before storing. This will allow you to utilize space more
efficiently and to keep track of all the pieces of each scaffolding unit.

3 – Storage :
The storage of your scaffolding equipment is primarily to protect it
from the elements, which will ensure that it lasts longer. Find a
storage area that is large enough to house all of the equipment
together, providing space for large items (like planks and poles) as
well as small parts (like screws and bolts).

How To Store Scaffolding :
Storing scaffolding equipment does not have to involve an
elaborate process. Your storage routine can be quite simple and
effective for the longevity of the equipment.
1 – Clean and Maintain
2 – Organize
3 – Storage

• The purpose of this procedure is to ensure scaffolding is
adequate for the work to be performed and properly erected and
dismantled.
• It covers selecting, erecting, and dismantling all types of
scaffolds.
• It applies to workers, supervisors, scaffoldqualified persons,
scaffold custodians, and Facilities.
DISMANTLING SCAFFOLDS :

DISMANTLING PROCEDURES :
Points to check before dismantling any type of scaffolding:
• Have any ties been removed?
• Have any ledgers been removed?
• Have any transoms been removed?
• Have any braces been removed.
• Have any other structural parts been removed?
• Is there any damage to the scaffolding?
• Are there any changes to the ground conditions?
• Has the area been cordoned off with barriers and signs to warn
others?

Dismantelleing &
Errecting

Inspection Rejection and Reporting
Inspection for reporting is done by a group of
competent personnel such as safety officer,
respective departmental Engineer, scaffolder,
mechanical and any other if required.
General inspection is a request to every body who
is trained or is informed about the components
and methods of scaffolding : in this case ine
information must be first provide about the fault or
faults to the safety officer of the area .

The report made after inspection must consist :
• Location & description of scaffold
• Date of inspection
• Result of inspection, statin the condition of scaffold
• Signature & office of the person making the inspection
Badly assembled & neglected scaffold have been
a significant contributory factor to the high accident rate
associated with the thermal plant.

Scaffold Tagging & Inspection:
Green – Tag will be hung on scaffolds that have been inspected and
are safe for use. A green "SAFE FOR USE" tag(s), and should be
attached to the scaffold at each access point after the initial inspection
is complete.
Yellow - "CAUTION” tag(s), will replace all green "Safe Scaffold"
tag(s) whenever the scaffold has been modified to meet work
requirements, and as a result could present a hazard to the user.
This tag indicates special requirements for safe use.
Red " DANGER – UNSAFE FOR USE" tag(s), will be used during
erection or dismantling when the scaffold is left unattended and
replace all green "Safe for Use " tag(s) or yellow “Caution / Hazard
“ tag(s) in the event a scaffold has been deemed unfit for use.

Classes and their duties
Light duty – Minimum access through a scaffold. For persons with
hand tools only.
Live load maximum 225kg per platform per bay. Maximum
concentrated load per platform per bay 100kg.
Used mainly by:
 Electricians
 Painters
 Window cleaners
 Light maintenance work

Medium duty – For persons with materials and hand tools.
Used mainly by:
 Carpenters
 Welders
 Glaziers
 Plasterers/renderers

Heavy duty – For trades like brick layers and demolition contractors.
Used mainly by:
 Brick layers
 Stone masons
 Demolition work

Scaffold classes/duties and dimensions
Scaffold
class
Minimum Bay
Size
Length Width
Maximum Bay
Size
Length Width
Max hight
of lift
Light 0.45m 0.45m
2 boards
3.0m 2.4m
10 boards
2.0m
Medium 0.9m 0.9m
3 or 4
boards
2.4m 1.8m
8 boards
2.0m
Heavy 1.0m 1.0m 1.8m 1.275m
5 boards
2.0m

Duty / Live loads
Scaffold
Class
Max load Per
Platform per Bay
Max concentrated load
Per Platform per Bay
(Should be over transom)
Light 225kg 100kg
Medium 450kg 150kg
Heavy 675kg 200kg

Maximum number of working platforms per bay
Hight of scaffold Steel Aluminium
Up to 15m 4 3
Up to 30m 3 2
Up to 45m 2 1

Safety Precaution :
• Standard must be on the same level and vertically
straight on the base plate.
• The supporting platform wood must be supported
properly.
• Working platform must been equipped with safety
elements such as hand rail.
• Scaffold must be inspected at certain times.
• Use safety tools such as safety boots, safety helmet etc.
when using platform.

Safety Precaution :
• Supervision of scaffold erection & progress/ safety
reports are undertaken by a suitable experience &
qualified person that normally occurs:
• a) within the preceding 7 days
b) after adverse weather conditions that may have
affected the scaffold’s strength or stability
c) whenever alterations / additions are made to the
scaffold

Safety precaution for a decked platform
• Fully planked and decked
– No more than 1” gap between
adjacent units and platform and
uprights
– Max openings between platform
and uprights 9 -1/2”
– Platform and walkways at least 18”
wide

Safety precaution for abutted platforms
• Each abutted end shall rest on a
separate support surface
• Overlap platforms not be less than 18”
only over supports unless restrained to
prevent movement
• On direction changes, platforms that
rests on a bearer at an angle other than
a right angle must be laid first
• Platforms that rest at right angles over
the same bearer laid second

Safety Precaution
• No paint on wood platforms, except edges that may be marked for
identification
• Fully planked between from upright and guardrail
• No mixed components, unless compatible and integrity maintained
• No modification of mixed components unless approved by
competent person
• No components or dissimilar metals unless competent person
determines galvanic action will not reduce strength

Clearances :
Any work where the tube could come into contact with the line would
need to be 6 meters plus the “Danger Zone” distance relative to the
voltage and nature of insulation in order that the scaffold tube cannot
enter the “Danger Zone”

Clearances :
Minimum Clearances From Electrical Lines
Insulated Lines
Less than 300 volts 3 feet
300 volts to 50 kv 10 feet
More than 50 kv 10 feet plus 4” for each
additional kv
Uninsulated Lines
Up to 50 kv 10 feet
More than 50 kv 10 feet plus 4” for each
additional kv

Proper clearance near overhead lines
Keep 10 foot minimum unless de-energized,
Relocated, or installed protective covering installed!

Do not use unstable objects for support

The following are do’s and don’ts that apply in using scaffolds.
DO…
Install and use scaffolding accessories based on the manufacturer’s
recommended procedures.
Place scaffolds on stable ground.
Lock scaffold wheels when in use.
Remove tools or debris on scaffold platforms.
Equip all open sides and ends of scaffold platforms with proper
guardrails, midrails, and toeboards.
Wear a hard hat when working on or under a scaffold.
Wear sturdy, nonslip shoes when working on a scaffold.
Remove anything placed on scaffolds at the end of the work shift.
Maintain at least a 10-foot distance between scaffolds and electric
power lines.
Avoid striking scaffolds with materials or vehicles.

DON’T…
Intermix scaffolds, frames and components of different
manufacturers.
Use scaffolds as storage for tools or materials.
Move scaffolds while they’re in use or occupied.
Alter scaffolding accessories.
Use makeshift scaffolds like planks laid across concrete blocks or
other materials.
Work on scaffolds when there’s a strong wind or storm.
Use ladders or other materials on top of scaffolds to increase their
height.
Remember that the height of a scaffold speaks for its own hazard. If
you don’t train your workers in the proper use and maintenance of
scaffolds, you might have to pay a very high price.

Safety precaution
Overhead protection shall be provided for
men on scaffolds and, in the same sense,
a screen is to be placed
below the scaffold
where persons may in
danger of falling objects.

Thank You

Scaffolding safety procedures and its types

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