Sc2218 lecture 6 (2010)

SC2218: Anthropology and the Human Condition Lecture 6: Gender and Sexuality Eric C. Thompson Semester 1, 2008/2009

Where Are We Going? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],YOU ARE HERE

Lecture Outline: Gender and Sexuality ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Patri- and Matri- (Some Terminology) Patri- (male) Matri- (female) -archy (rule, govern) -lineal (in the line of) -local (residence, location) Patriarchy: society in which power is disproportionately held by men Examples: Matrilineal: society in which property, names, status, etc. is inherited through women Patrilocal: society in which married couples live with the man’s side of the family *These are all different things; a society can be matrilineal but patriarchal

Words You Should Know ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Patrilineal, Patrilocal* Systems ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],*Also called “virilocal”: living with the man/husband

Matrilineal, Matrilocal* Systems ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],*Also called “uxorilocal”: living with the uncle/mother’s-brother

Why have patrilineal or matrilineal inheritance? What are the social effects of these cultural rules?

Thought Question ,[object Object],Parents 4 Children 16 Grandchildren 32 Great- Grandchildren Large Plot Medium Plot Small Plot Tiny Plot!

“ Dadi’s Family” ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Creating Mothers-in-law ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Mothers-in-law & Daughters-in-law ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Patrilineal, Patrilocal Rules produce Patriarchal Relationships ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Matrilineal Systems: Minangkabau ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Matrilineal, Matrilocal Rules produce Egalitarian Relationships ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Other Effects of Matrilineality ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Bilateral, Neolocal Systems ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Why the Shift to Bilateral, Neolocal Systems? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Sex, Gender and Sexuality What is the difference?

What makes boys and girls different?

Sex / Gender / Sexuality ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Examples of Gender and Sexuality (“elaborations on” Biological Sex) ,[object Object],[object Object]

Example 1: Marriage ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Example 2: Inheritance Patterns ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

More Examples (“elaborations on” Biological Sex) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

INTERMISSION… For your consideration: “Best Gender Song” Voted by the Gender Studies Class of 2008/2009

Third Genders & Gender Pluralism ,[object Object],[object Object]

Examples of Gender Pluralism ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Common Terms ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Gender versus Sexuality ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

“ The Gender Tango” ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Ways in which the Human Sex/Sexuality Shapes Gender ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

The Human Sexual System ,[object Object],[object Object],Homo sapiens sapiens ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Human Hermaphrodites ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],The Reclining Hermaphrodite 1 st century BCE sculpture Transvestite/Transsexual Girl Band: Venus Fly Trap

Effects of “Dedicated Heterosexuality” ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Sex for Social Bonding ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],*Not only in humans, this is true in other species as well, such as Bonobo Chimpanzees. (Compared to bonobos, human use of sex for social bonding is simple and primitive!)

The Oddity of Human Sexuality ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Hidden Ovulation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Baboon in Estrus

Fact: Human Offspring Require Substantial Care, Feeding and Investment of Resources Who is going to do this?

Who’s Taking Care of the Baby!? ,[object Object],[object Object]

Who’s Taking Care of the Baby!? ,[object Object]

Who’s Taking Care of the Baby!? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Adult Male Adult Female Infant Surplus Resources Sexual Gratification Surplus Resources Human Pair Bonding & Sexual Exchange System This is only one part of human exchange, sexuality, and bonding systems. For example, Fathers very commonly give resources to children (in the absence of any relationship to the Mother). Men and Women very commonly exchange things other than sex for resources. Pure LOVE does exist ; but, it to is only one small part of the human system.

Ongoing “incorporation” of males into society ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

The “Nature” of Gender and Sexuality? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],*Air-conditioning is certainly not “natural”. I have yet to hear anyone demand it be banned or outlawed on that basis?

Gender and Sexuality: Summing Up ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Bye-bye . . . See you next week in two weeks!

Sc2218 lecture 6 (2010)

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Sc2218 lecture 6 (2010)