Idiopathic pulmonology fibrosis of disease

1. TOPIC:- IDIOPATHIC
PULMONARY FIBROSIS
NAME :- SARITA
GROUP:- 116

2. IPF:-
PULMONARY FIBROSIS IS A LONG-TERM
DISEASE WHERE THE
LUNGS (PULMONARY) BECOME SCARRED
(FIBROSIS). THE
SCARRING CAUSES THE PART OF THE LUNG
WHERE OXYGEN IS MOVED TO THE BLOOD
(INTERSTITIAL) TO BECOME THICK AND
STIFF. IF THE REASON OR CAUSE OF THE
DISEASE IS UNKNOWN IT IS CALLED
IDIOPATHIC.

3. • SOME PEOPLE REFER TO PULMONARY FIBROSIS
AS A RESTRICTIVE DISEASE BECAUSE IT IS HARD
TO
• FULLY EXPAND THE LUNGS WHEN TAKING A
BREATH IN.
•
• I – IDIOPATHIC (UNKNOWN CAUSE)
•
• P – PULMONARY (LUNGS)
•
• F – FIBROSIS (SCAR TISSUE)

4. SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
• WHEN THE LUNGS BECOME SCARRED, IT IS HARD TO GET OXYGEN TO THE
ORGANS AND BODY. THE LACK OF OXYGEN CAN CAUSE DIFFERENT SIGNS AND
SYMPTOMS

5. • .SHORTNESS OF BREATH
• DRY COUGH
• INSPIRATORY CRACKLES
• FINGER CLUBBING
• WT.LOSS AND FEELING UNWELL
• PEDAL EDEMA

6. IPF IS OFTEN DIVIDED INTO TWO
CATEGORIES:-
• 1. 1..KNOWN CAUSE: CERTAIN ENVIRONMENTAL
EXPOSURES(THINGS FROM WHERE WE LIVE OR WORK),
MEDICATIONS FOR INFLAMMATION (ANTI-
INFLAMMATORY), CANCER (CHEMOTHERAPY), INFECTION
(ANTIBIOTICS), THE HEART (CARDIAC), THE STOMACH
(GASTROINTESTINAL) AND THE BRAIN (NEUROLOGICAL)
CAN CAUSE SCARRING IN THE LUNGS. RADIATION,
CERTAIN INHALED DRUGS OR CHEMICALS (COCAINE,
ZINC CHLORIDE, AMMONIA) AND CONNECTIVE TISSUE
DISEASE (RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS, POLYMYOSITIS , AND

7. • 2. UNKNOWN CAUSE: AS THE NAME (IDIOPATHIC) SUGGESTS, WE DO NOT KNOW
WHAT CAUSES IPF. THERE ARE DIFFERENT FACTORS THAT MAY INCREASE A
PERSON’ CHANCES OF GETTING THE DISEASE.

8. COMPLICATIONS
• LIVING WITH IPF MAY CAUSE ANXIETY, STRESS, AND DEPRESSION. A DOCTOR
MAY RECOMMEND:
• COGNITIVE BEHAVIORAL THERAPY (CBT)
• MEDICATIONS, SUCH AS ANTIDEPRESSANTS
• A PATIENT SUPPORT GROUP POSSIBLE COMPLICATIONS OF IPF CAN INCLUDE:
• LUNG CANCER
• PULMONARY HYPERTENSION, WHICH IS AN INCREASE OF BLOOD PRESSURE IN
THE BLOOD VESSELS TO THE LUNGS
• RESPIRATORY FAILURE, WHEN THE LUNGS CANNOT PROVIDE ENOUGH OXYGEN
TO THE BLOOD
• DIFFICULTY SLEEPING

9. POSSIBLE IPF RISK FACTORS
• SMOKING
• ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS
• VIRUSES
• GERD
• GENETICS
• GENDER
• AGE

10. TEST TO FIND OUT OF IPF
• MEDICAL HISTORY
• PHYSICSL EXAMINATION
• PULSE OXIMETRY
• ARTERIAL BLOOD GAS
• PULMONARY FUNCTION TEST
• SIX MINUTE WALK TEST
• BLOOD TEST
• CHEST RADIOGRAPHY
• BRONCHOSCOPY
• LUNG BIOSCOPY
• HRCT( HIGH RESOLUTION COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY)

11. DIAGNOSIS IPF
• IN ORDER TO DIAGNOSE YOU WITH IPF DOCTORS MUST:
•
• 1. RULE OUT OTHER KNOWN CAUSES OF INTERSTITIAL LUNG DISEASE (TOXINS,
ENVIRONMENTAL
• OR OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURES).
• 2. SEE A SPECIFIC PATTERN ON THE CHEST X-RAY, REFERRED TO AS ‘USUAL
INTERSTITIAL PNEUMONIA PATTERN’, WHICH SHOWS SCARRING AND OTHER
ABNORMALITIES IN THE LUNG TISSUES.
• 3. SEE A SPECIFIC PATTERN IN THE LUNG TISSUE FROM THE CT SCAN OR
SURGICAL LUNG BIOPSY.

12. • DURING THE PHYSICAL EXAMINATION, THEY MAY CHECK WHETHER A PERSON
HAS:
•
• BLUE HANDS AND FEET
• CLUBBED TOES OR FINGERS
• HIGH PITCHED CRACKLES COMING FROM THE LUNGS
• A COMBINATION OF TESTS MAY HELP A DOCTOR CONFIRM A DIAGNOSIS OF IPF.
THESE TESTS MAY INCLUDE:
•
• BREATHING TEST: TO CHECK HOW WELL THE LUNGS BREATHE AIR IN AND OUT
AND HOW WELL THEY OXYGENATE THE BLOOD.
• CHEST X-RAY: TO LOOK FOR SIGNS OF DISEASE AND PROGRESSION.
• BLOOD TESTS: TO IDENTIFY OTHER REASONS FOR LUNG SCARRING.
• CT SCAN: TO LOOK FOR SCARRING IN THE LUNGS.
• LUNG BIOPSY: TO CONFIRM A DIAGNOSIS IF THIS IS NOT POSSIBLE BASED ON A

13. MANAGEMENT
•MEDICATIONS LIKE
PIRFENIDONE,NINTENDANIB
CORTICOSTEROIDS PILLS (
PREDNISOLONE) ,

14. 1. ATTENDING REGULAR CHECKUPS
2. REFRAINING FROM SMOKING CIGARETTES AND AVOIDING SECONDHAND
SMOKE
3. AVOIDING SUBSTANCES THAT CAN IRRITATE THE LUNGS, SUCH AS CHEMICALS
AND DUST
4. STAYING PHYSICALLY ACTIVE AND KEEPING UP REGULAR, MODERATE
EXERCISE, SUCH AS WALKING OR USING AN EXERCISE BIKE
5. MAINTAINING A MODERATE WEIGHT
6. EATING TO SUPPORT HEART AND LUNG HEALTH, SUCH AS EATING SMALLER
MEALS TO REDUCE FULLNESS, WHICH MAY EASE BREATHING
7. JOINING SUPPORT GROUPS, HAVING COUNSELING, AND TALKING WITH FAMILY
AND FRIENDS CAN HELP PEOPLE TAKE CARE OF THEIR MENTAL HEALTH
8. AVOIDING PLACES OR SITUATIONS THAT MAY MAKE BREATHING MORE
DIFFICULT, SUCH AS BEING AT HIGH ALTITUDE.

15. TREATMENT
• THERE’S CURRENTLY NO CURE FOR IDIOPATHIC PULMONARY FIBROSIS (IPF). THE
MAIN AIM OF TREATMENT IS TO RELIEVE THE SYMPTOMS AS MUCH AS POSSIBLE
AND SLOW DOWN ITS PROGRESSION.
• SELF CARE
• THERE ARE SEVERAL THINGS YOU CAN DO TO STAY AS HEALTHY AS POSSIBLE IF
YOU HAVE IPF. THESE INCLUDE:
• STOPPING SMOKING IF YOU SMOKE
• EXERCISING REGULARLY AND STAYING AS FIT AS YOU CAN
• EATING A HEALTHY, BALANCED DIET
• MAKING SURE YOU GET THE ANNUAL FLU VACCINE AND ONE-OFF
PNEUMOCOCCAL VACCINE – THESE INFECTIONS CAN BE MORE SERIOUS IF YOU
HAVE A LUNG CONDITION
• TRY TO KEEP AWAY FROM PEOPLE WITH CHEST INFECTIONS AND COLDS

16. • KINASE INHIBITORS: THIS TYPE OF MEDICATION CAN HELP SLOW DOWN A LOSS
OF LUNG FUNCTION AND MAY PREVENT A SUDDEN WORSENING OF IPF.
• ANTACIDS: THESE HELP TREAT GERD IF PEOPLE ALSO HAVE THIS CONDITION.
• OXYGEN THERAPY: INITIALLY, A PERSON MAY NEED THIS THERAPY AFTER
EXERTION. IN THE LATER STAGES OF IPF, THEY MAY NEED IT CONTINUALLY.
• VENTILATOR SUPPORT: A PERSON MAY NEED THIS SUPPORT IF THEIR BREATHING
PROBLEMS BECOME SEVERE.
• LUNG TRANSPLANT: THIS SURGERY MAY BE NECESSARY FOR PEOPLE WITH
ADVANCED IPF.

17. •THANKU