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Sanskrit Vowels
# Nityā’s Name Vowel IAST
Notation
Phonetics /
Pronunciation
Vowel as
Mantra
Notes
1 Kameśvarī अ a a in sofa or America अं / aṃ
2 Bhagamalinī आ ā a in father आं / āṃ
3 Nityaklinnā इ i i in pin इं / iṃ
4 Bheruṇḍā ई ī i in pique
ईं
/ īṃ
5 Vahnivāsinī उ u u in put उं / uṃ
6 Mahāvājreśvarī ऊ ū u in prune ऊ
ं / ūṃ
7 Śivadūtī ऋ ṛ re in
fi
bre ऋ
ं / ṛṁ Each zone in India
pronounces this sound
di
ff
erently.
8 Tvaritā ॠ ṝ re in
fi
bre - but
stretched longer
ॠ
ं / ṝṁ Each zone in India
pronounces this sound
di
ff
erently.
9 Kulasundarī ऌ ḷ le in bottle (or) lr in
jewelry.
ऌं / ḷṁ Various zones in India
pronounce this sound
di
ff
erently.
10 Nityā ॡ ḹ le in bottle but
stretched longer (or)
lr in jewelry but
stretched longer.
ॡं / ḹṁ Yes, this Nityā is actually
called Nityā! This is the
obsolete vowel. Various
zones in India pronounce
this sound di
ff
erently.
11 Nilapatākā ए e a in mate एं / eṁ
12 Vijayā ऐ ai ai in aisle ऐं / aiṁ
13 Sarvamaṅgalā ओ o o in boat ओं / oṁ
14 Jvālāmālinī औ au o in out औं / auṁ
15 Citrā
ं
ṃ m in sum अं / aṁ This Nityā denotes 0.75
portion of a lunar day.
This vowel assumes
di
ff
erent sounds based
on context.
16 Mahānityā : ḥ h in home अः / aḥ This denotes 0.25
portion of a lunar day.
She is the primary
goddess Sri Devi or
Shodashi. This vowel
also has some varying
sounds.
srideviom.com

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Sanskrit Vowel Pronunciation

  • 1. Sanskrit Vowels # Nityā’s Name Vowel IAST Notation Phonetics / Pronunciation Vowel as Mantra Notes 1 Kameśvarī अ a a in sofa or America अं / aṃ 2 Bhagamalinī आ ā a in father आं / āṃ 3 Nityaklinnā इ i i in pin इं / iṃ 4 Bheruṇḍā ई ī i in pique ईं / īṃ 5 Vahnivāsinī उ u u in put उं / uṃ 6 Mahāvājreśvarī ऊ ū u in prune ऊ ं / ūṃ 7 Śivadūtī ऋ ṛ re in fi bre ऋ ं / ṛṁ Each zone in India pronounces this sound di ff erently. 8 Tvaritā ॠ ṝ re in fi bre - but stretched longer ॠ ं / ṝṁ Each zone in India pronounces this sound di ff erently. 9 Kulasundarī ऌ ḷ le in bottle (or) lr in jewelry. ऌं / ḷṁ Various zones in India pronounce this sound di ff erently. 10 Nityā ॡ ḹ le in bottle but stretched longer (or) lr in jewelry but stretched longer. ॡं / ḹṁ Yes, this Nityā is actually called Nityā! This is the obsolete vowel. Various zones in India pronounce this sound di ff erently. 11 Nilapatākā ए e a in mate एं / eṁ 12 Vijayā ऐ ai ai in aisle ऐं / aiṁ 13 Sarvamaṅgalā ओ o o in boat ओं / oṁ 14 Jvālāmālinī औ au o in out औं / auṁ 15 Citrā ं ṃ m in sum अं / aṁ This Nityā denotes 0.75 portion of a lunar day. This vowel assumes di ff erent sounds based on context. 16 Mahānityā : ḥ h in home अः / aḥ This denotes 0.25 portion of a lunar day. She is the primary goddess Sri Devi or Shodashi. This vowel also has some varying sounds. srideviom.com