Test cases play an important role in software testing by verifying that applications work as intended. An effective test case includes steps like naming the test, describing what is being tested, listing assumptions and prerequisites, providing input test data, covering all verification points, detailing expected results, ensuring the test can be reused, and specifying post conditions. Writing thorough test cases is key to properly testing software.

2. • Test cases plays an important role for any project as this is the
basic step in any testing cycle. If anything goes wrong at this
step the impression get deduce as you move forward in the
testing cycle.
• A test case is a state under which a tester will decide whether
an application/software system is working as it is originally
established for it to do. It will decide whether a software
program has passed or failed.
• It may take many test cases to decide that a software program
is considered successful to be released. Test case writing
plays an important role and makes a test case an important
part of the test execution process.

3. Step 1: Naming Test Case Convention
• Mentioning the test case convention name is necessary
because it will make sense to anyone who will refer the test
case in future. This will help your team mates to find out which
test case is one you needed.
• You can name the test whichever the way you want but should
be sensible in comparison to test cases ID and test cases
name. Although this is the simplest step to follow but many of
us don't follow it.
Step 2: Description
• Description will contain all the details about what you are
going to test , particular behavior being verified by test ,what
needs to be verified and in which test data it is to be used.
Step 3: Assumptions and Preconditions
• You should communicate all assumptions while writing test
case, beside with any preconditions that must be met before
the test can be executed.

4. Step 4: Input Test Data
• Identification of test data is time consuming task. It may
sometime need you to create a test data afresh as creating a
new data will take lesser time with respect to identification.
• To make it easier you should you can give test data to be used
for test case within description or test case step. If you know
that the test data can be reused you can mention that data .
• You could also decide to mention the type of data which is
required to run the test and not the real test data value.
• This applies for projects where the test data keeps on
changing as multiple teams use it and may not be in the same
state when I use it the next time.

5. Step 5: Covering Verification Points
• Test case steps should be properly designed and must be
covering all the verifications for the behavior under test.
• Test case steps given for your projects through that you can
make sure that the Test Case optimally covers all the
verification points.
Step 6: Expected Results
• Test case should mention the expected result of the
applications under test. All the steps should mention that what
you expect the output of those steps.
• So, it is necessary to mention all the details of those steps
whose outcome you expect after the test.

6. Step 7: Reusable
• Before writing the test case you should be confirmed that it
could be re-used in future for other projects. It will be helpful if
you will get the test case written earlier for the same module
you can update those instead of writing new.
• So you can re-use the previous test case in future and will
save time.
Step 8: Post Conditions
• In the post conditions you have to specify the various things
that need to verify after the test was carried out. They are
used to give guiding instruction to restore the system.

7. At last, writing effective test cases is an important aspect
of Software Testing process with all proper details, prepare it
according to end user's perspective and cover all the important
points.