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ART
1
Scaling Agile Principles to Large Organizations
Malmi S. Amadoru
2
Travel Map
• SAFe Principles
• SAFe in Act
• Challenges
3
SAFe
• Based on Lean & Agile principles
• 9 principles
• Shortest Sustainable Lead Time
• Alignment/Synchronization
4
#1: Take an economic view
• All must understand economic impact of
decisions they are making
• Develop an economic framework for decision
making
5
#2: Apply system thinking
• Understand boundaries
– Not only the building system
– Systems which it interacts with
• Optimize system as a whole, not just component wise
6
#3: Assume variability: preserve options
• Naturally tend to reduce variability
– Risk avoidance culture
• Variability not inherently GOOD or BAD
– Economics associated for outcome
• Approach: Set-Based Design/ Set-Based Concurrent
Engineering
7
#4: Build incrementally with fast integrated
learning cycles
• Integration points create knowledge from
uncertainty
– Not only to test technical viability
– Prototypes to test the market to gain feedback
– Fast feedback allows to pivot to alternative option
8
#5: Base milestones on objective evaluation of
working systems
• Build incrementally
• Integration point demonstrates viability of current in-
process solution
• Evaluated frequently by stakeholders
9
#6: Visualize & limit WIP, reduce batch sizes, and
manage queue lengths
• Too much WIP causes frequent context switching
• Make visible current WIP to all stakeholders
• Smaller batch size results lower WIP
• Keep backlogs short & uncommitted
10
#7: Apply cadence, synchronize with cross-
domain planning
• Sufficient uncertainty provides freedom for innovation
• Sufficient certainty allows business to operate
• Synchronization allows
– Align development teams & business to a common
mission
– Integrate customer into development process
11
#8: Unlock intrinsic motivation of knowledge
workers
• Knowledge workers know more than their bosses
• Motivate instead of managing
• Leverage the system view
– Empower to take decision based on economics
– Provide autonomy
• Understand the role of compensation
• Create an environment of mutual influence
– Respected
12
#9: Decentralize decision making
• Centralize strategic decisions
– Infrequent & long lasting
• Decentralize everything else
– Frequent & time critical
13
SAFe 3.0
Portfolio Level
Program Level
Team Level
Team
Backlog
(Stories)
Program
Backlog
(Features)
Portfolio
Backlog
(Epics)
Portfolio
Backlog
(Epics)
Portfolio Level
Program
Backlog
(Features)
Program Level
Team
Backlog 2
(Stories)
Team
Backlog 1
(Stories)
Team Level
14
Team Level
• No changes, usual 2 weeks Scrum
• Start & end dates synchronized between teams
• Continuous integration & quality focus
₋ Pair Programming
₋ ATDD (Acceptance Test Driven Development)
15
SAFe in 7 Minutes
16
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RXzurBazN-I
Team Backlog
17
Team Level - 2 week Sprint
18
Program Level
• Program Increments
– 5 sprints time-box
– 4 normal sprints + 1 HIP sprint
• System Demos
– Every 2 weeks
• Agile Release Train
• Program Backlog
• Release Planning
19
Agile Release Train (ART)
• Long lived team of agile teams (50-125)
• Organized around enterprise’s value streams
• Common mission
• Departs & arrives on a reliable schedule
– Velocity & predictable planning
• All cargo goes on train
– Code, documentation etc.
• Continuous integration across all teams on
train
20
Program Backlog
• Product Manager responsible for defining & prioritizing
21
Features Vs. Architectural Changes
22
Release Planning Meeting
• All members of all teams (50-125)
• Develop, refine & estimate Team Backlog
• Output
– Program PI Objectives
– Team PI Objectives
23
Agenda & Artifacts
24
Program Level in a Nutshell
• Release Train Engineer (Scrum Master of Program
Level)
• System Team – System level integration
25
Portfolio Level
• Portfolio Backlog
• Business Epic
• Architecture Epic
• Kanban
• Multiple agile release trains
across different value streams
26
Portfolio Level
• Programs aligned to enterprise business strategy
– Along value stream lines
27
Portfolio Backlog
28
29
Challenges
• Need to transform organization
• Train all those who involved
• Constrained by business target deadlines
• Not so easy!
• Not suitable for every circumstance
• Other Options
– LeSS (Large-Scale Scrum)
– DAD (Disciplined Agile Development)
30
Post Your Query!
Thank You! 31

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SAFe

  • 2. Scaling Agile Principles to Large Organizations Malmi S. Amadoru 2
  • 3. Travel Map • SAFe Principles • SAFe in Act • Challenges 3
  • 4. SAFe • Based on Lean & Agile principles • 9 principles • Shortest Sustainable Lead Time • Alignment/Synchronization 4
  • 5. #1: Take an economic view • All must understand economic impact of decisions they are making • Develop an economic framework for decision making 5
  • 6. #2: Apply system thinking • Understand boundaries – Not only the building system – Systems which it interacts with • Optimize system as a whole, not just component wise 6
  • 7. #3: Assume variability: preserve options • Naturally tend to reduce variability – Risk avoidance culture • Variability not inherently GOOD or BAD – Economics associated for outcome • Approach: Set-Based Design/ Set-Based Concurrent Engineering 7
  • 8. #4: Build incrementally with fast integrated learning cycles • Integration points create knowledge from uncertainty – Not only to test technical viability – Prototypes to test the market to gain feedback – Fast feedback allows to pivot to alternative option 8
  • 9. #5: Base milestones on objective evaluation of working systems • Build incrementally • Integration point demonstrates viability of current in- process solution • Evaluated frequently by stakeholders 9
  • 10. #6: Visualize & limit WIP, reduce batch sizes, and manage queue lengths • Too much WIP causes frequent context switching • Make visible current WIP to all stakeholders • Smaller batch size results lower WIP • Keep backlogs short & uncommitted 10
  • 11. #7: Apply cadence, synchronize with cross- domain planning • Sufficient uncertainty provides freedom for innovation • Sufficient certainty allows business to operate • Synchronization allows – Align development teams & business to a common mission – Integrate customer into development process 11
  • 12. #8: Unlock intrinsic motivation of knowledge workers • Knowledge workers know more than their bosses • Motivate instead of managing • Leverage the system view – Empower to take decision based on economics – Provide autonomy • Understand the role of compensation • Create an environment of mutual influence – Respected 12
  • 13. #9: Decentralize decision making • Centralize strategic decisions – Infrequent & long lasting • Decentralize everything else – Frequent & time critical 13
  • 14. SAFe 3.0 Portfolio Level Program Level Team Level Team Backlog (Stories) Program Backlog (Features) Portfolio Backlog (Epics) Portfolio Backlog (Epics) Portfolio Level Program Backlog (Features) Program Level Team Backlog 2 (Stories) Team Backlog 1 (Stories) Team Level 14
  • 15. Team Level • No changes, usual 2 weeks Scrum • Start & end dates synchronized between teams • Continuous integration & quality focus ₋ Pair Programming ₋ ATDD (Acceptance Test Driven Development) 15
  • 16. SAFe in 7 Minutes 16 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RXzurBazN-I
  • 18. Team Level - 2 week Sprint 18
  • 19. Program Level • Program Increments – 5 sprints time-box – 4 normal sprints + 1 HIP sprint • System Demos – Every 2 weeks • Agile Release Train • Program Backlog • Release Planning 19
  • 20. Agile Release Train (ART) • Long lived team of agile teams (50-125) • Organized around enterprise’s value streams • Common mission • Departs & arrives on a reliable schedule – Velocity & predictable planning • All cargo goes on train – Code, documentation etc. • Continuous integration across all teams on train 20
  • 21. Program Backlog • Product Manager responsible for defining & prioritizing 21
  • 23. Release Planning Meeting • All members of all teams (50-125) • Develop, refine & estimate Team Backlog • Output – Program PI Objectives – Team PI Objectives 23
  • 25. Program Level in a Nutshell • Release Train Engineer (Scrum Master of Program Level) • System Team – System level integration 25
  • 26. Portfolio Level • Portfolio Backlog • Business Epic • Architecture Epic • Kanban • Multiple agile release trains across different value streams 26
  • 27. Portfolio Level • Programs aligned to enterprise business strategy – Along value stream lines 27
  • 29. 29
  • 30. Challenges • Need to transform organization • Train all those who involved • Constrained by business target deadlines • Not so easy! • Not suitable for every circumstance • Other Options – LeSS (Large-Scale Scrum) – DAD (Disciplined Agile Development) 30