The document discusses different types of computer programming languages. It defines computer programming as the process of developing executable programs from problem formulations. It distinguishes between scripting languages like Python and Ruby, and web application frameworks like Ruby on Rails that are built on languages. Assembly languages have a close correspondence to machine code instructions, while low-level languages provide little abstraction from computer architectures.
A programming language is a formal language used to communicate instructions to a computer. Programming languages allow programmers to create programs that control machine behavior and express algorithms. There are thousands of programming languages, with new ones still being created each year. Programming languages require computation to be specified through either imperative or declarative forms. The basic concepts of any programming language include variables, control structures, data structures, syntax, and tools.
VTC Academy được thành lập vào năm 2010, với tầm nhìn là trở thành cơ sở đào tạo và nghiên cứu Công nghệ nội dung số hàng đầu tại Việt Nam. Chương trình đào tạo tại VTC Academy theo chuẩn quốc tế được hệ thống BTEC (Anh Quốc) chứng nhận. Hiện nay, VTC Academy đang đào tạo ngành học “đón đầu” xu hướng phát triển trong lĩnh vực lập trình và thiết kế: Thiết kế 3D Game ( 3D Game Design); Hiệu ứng hình ảnh và hoạt hình 3D (3D Animation & VFX); Lập trình phát triển Game (Game Development); Lập trình phát triển ứng dụng di động (Mobile Application Development). - Tham khảo thêm thông tin tại
Wedsite: http://www.vtcacademy.edu.vn
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Computer programming languages allow humans to communicate instructions to machines like computers. The earliest programming languages predated digital computers and were used to direct machines like looms and player pianos. There are thousands of programming languages today across many domains like computer science. Programming languages require specifying computation through imperative forms like sequences of operations or declarative forms. The description of a programming language is split into syntax which defines form and semantics which defines meaning. Some languages have specification documents while others use a dominant implementation as a reference.
This document discusses the program development cycle and different programming paradigms. The program development cycle includes steps like analysis, design, coding, testing and debugging, and documentation. It then defines four major programming paradigms: imperative, functional, logic, and object-oriented. Each paradigm is described in terms of its approach, examples of languages that use it, and differences from the other paradigms.
The document discusses different types of computer programming languages. It defines computer programming as the process of developing executable programs from problem formulations. It distinguishes between scripting languages like Python and Ruby, and web application frameworks like Ruby on Rails that are built on languages. Assembly languages have a close correspondence to machine code instructions, while low-level languages provide little abstraction from computer architectures.
A programming language is a formal language used to communicate instructions to a computer. Programming languages allow programmers to create programs that control machine behavior and express algorithms. There are thousands of programming languages, with new ones still being created each year. Programming languages require computation to be specified through either imperative or declarative forms. The basic concepts of any programming language include variables, control structures, data structures, syntax, and tools.
VTC Academy được thành lập vào năm 2010, với tầm nhìn là trở thành cơ sở đào tạo và nghiên cứu Công nghệ nội dung số hàng đầu tại Việt Nam. Chương trình đào tạo tại VTC Academy theo chuẩn quốc tế được hệ thống BTEC (Anh Quốc) chứng nhận. Hiện nay, VTC Academy đang đào tạo ngành học “đón đầu” xu hướng phát triển trong lĩnh vực lập trình và thiết kế: Thiết kế 3D Game ( 3D Game Design); Hiệu ứng hình ảnh và hoạt hình 3D (3D Animation & VFX); Lập trình phát triển Game (Game Development); Lập trình phát triển ứng dụng di động (Mobile Application Development). - Tham khảo thêm thông tin tại
Wedsite: http://www.vtcacademy.edu.vn
Fanpage: https://www.facebook.com/VtcAcademyHcm
Computer programming languages allow humans to communicate instructions to machines like computers. The earliest programming languages predated digital computers and were used to direct machines like looms and player pianos. There are thousands of programming languages today across many domains like computer science. Programming languages require specifying computation through imperative forms like sequences of operations or declarative forms. The description of a programming language is split into syntax which defines form and semantics which defines meaning. Some languages have specification documents while others use a dominant implementation as a reference.
This document discusses the program development cycle and different programming paradigms. The program development cycle includes steps like analysis, design, coding, testing and debugging, and documentation. It then defines four major programming paradigms: imperative, functional, logic, and object-oriented. Each paradigm is described in terms of its approach, examples of languages that use it, and differences from the other paradigms.
The document provides an overview of common Linux commands organized into categories, with brief explanations of each command. It covers commands for working with files and directories (ls, cd, cp, rm), processes (ps, top, kill), networking (ping, ifconfig), file archiving and compression (tar, gzip), and more. It also lists important directories in the Linux file system such as /bin, /usr/bin, /etc, and directories under /usr.
Linux is an open-source operating system developed by Linus Torvalds in 1991. It has a reputation for being efficient and fast-performing. The document then lists and describes 50 common Linux commands, including their syntax and usage. Examples include commands for changing directories, copying files, displaying the date/time, searching files with grep, and more.
This document describes the functions of various Linux commands, including commands for listing files (ls), creating directories (mkdir) and files (touch, cat), copying files (cp), changing directories (cd), moving files (mv), finding file locations (whereis, which), displaying manual pages (man, info), checking disk usage (df, du), viewing running processes (ps), setting aliases (alias), changing user identity (su, sudo), viewing command history (history), setting the system date and time (date), displaying calendars (cal), and clearing the terminal screen (clear). It provides the syntax and examples for using each command.
Linux is an open-source operating system that can be used as an alternative to proprietary operating systems like Windows. The document provides an overview of Linux, including its history beginning as a free Unix-like kernel developed by Linus Torvalds. It discusses the GNU project and how Linux combined with GNU software to form a complete free operating system. Additionally, it covers topics like Debian Linux, package management, GUI and CLI interfaces, and basic Linux commands.
This document provides an introduction to the Linux operating system, including its history and key components. It describes how the GNU Project was established to create a free UNIX-like OS and how Linus Torvalds later developed the first Linux kernel. It outlines some of Linux's main features like being open source and virus-free, and discusses popular desktop distributions like Ubuntu, Fedora and Debian. Certifications for Linux like Red Hat's RHCT and RHCE are also briefly mentioned.
The document discusses human and computer languages. It defines computer languages as those that allow users to command computers through algorithms. There are two types of computer languages: low-level and high-level. Low-level languages like machine code and assembly languages provide little abstraction from hardware and are used for first and second generation computers. High-level languages like C, Java, and Visual Basic provide more abstraction and are easier for humans to use. They were introduced for third generation computers.
There are four categories of computer languages: high-level languages, low-level languages, assembly language, and machine language. High-level languages are closer to human language and need translators to be understood by computers. Low-level languages are closer to machine language and do not need translators. Assembly language sits between high-level and machine language by using mnemonic codes. Machine language consists of binary and is the only language computers can directly understand. Translators like compilers, interpreters, and assemblers are used to convert between these language categories.
This document provides an overview of 27 basic Linux commands, including ls to list files, rm to remove files, rmdir to remove empty directories, cat to display file contents, cd to change directories, mv to move/rename files, who to display logged in users, mkdir to create directories, cp to copy files, and man to view command manuals. It also covers commands for permissions (chmod), clearing the screen (clear), viewing users (w), remote login (telnet), creating files (touch), editing files (vi), displaying date and time (date), viewing calendar (cal), showing IP address (ifconfig), and hostname.
Popular third generation languages include C++, Visual Basic, and Java. C++ is widely used for hardware design. Visual Basic is relatively easy to learn with an
A programming language is a set of rules that allows humans to tell computers what operations to perform. Programming languages provide tools for developing executable models for problem domains and exist at various levels from high-level languages that are closer to human language to low-level machine code. Some of the principal programming paradigms include imperative, object-oriented, logic/declarative, and functional programming. Popular high-level languages include FORTRAN, COBOL, BASIC, C, C++, Java, and markup languages like HTML and XML.
This document provides a summary of the Unix and GNU/Linux command line. It begins with an overview of files and file systems in Unix, including that everything is treated as a file. It then discusses command line interpreters (shells), and commands for handling files and directories like ls, cd, cp, and rm. It also covers redirecting standard input/output, pipes, and controlling processes. The document is intended as training material and provides a detailed outline of its contents.
The document provides an overview of Linux, including its history and features. It discusses how Linux originated from the GNU project and was started by Linus Torvalds. Linux is an open source operating system that can run on various platforms. It provides features like multi-user access, multitasking, and security benefits compared to other operating systems. The document also describes the typical Linux desktop environment and popular software applications available for Linux.
Here are the key differences between relative and absolute paths in Linux:
- Relative paths specify a location relative to the current working directory, while absolute paths specify a location from the root directory.
- Relative paths start from the current directory, denoted by a period (.). Absolute paths always start from the root directory, denoted by a forward slash (/).
- Relative paths are dependent on the current working directory and may change if the working directory changes. Absolute paths will always refer to the same location regardless of current working directory.
- Examples:
- Relative: ./file.txt (current directory)
- Absolute: /home/user/file.txt (from root directory)
So in summary, relative paths
This document provides an overview of Linux including:
- Different pronunciations of Linux and the origins of each pronunciation.
- A definition of Linux as a generic term for Unix-like operating systems with graphical user interfaces.
- Why Linux is significant as a powerful, free, and customizable operating system that runs on multiple hardware platforms.
- An introduction to key Linux concepts like multi-user systems, multiprocessing, multitasking and open source software.
- Examples of common Linux commands for file handling, text processing, and system administration.
Lect 1. introduction to programming languagesVarun Garg
A programming language is a set of rules that allows humans to communicate instructions to computers. There are many programming languages because they have evolved over time as better ways to design them have been developed. Programming languages can be categorized based on their generation or programming paradigm such as imperative, object-oriented, logic-based, and functional. Characteristics like writability, readability, reliability and maintainability are important qualities for programming languages.
The document provides an overview of common Linux commands organized into categories, with brief explanations of each command. It covers commands for working with files and directories (ls, cd, cp, rm), processes (ps, top, kill), networking (ping, ifconfig), file archiving and compression (tar, gzip), and more. It also lists important directories in the Linux file system such as /bin, /usr/bin, /etc, and directories under /usr.
Linux is an open-source operating system developed by Linus Torvalds in 1991. It has a reputation for being efficient and fast-performing. The document then lists and describes 50 common Linux commands, including their syntax and usage. Examples include commands for changing directories, copying files, displaying the date/time, searching files with grep, and more.
This document describes the functions of various Linux commands, including commands for listing files (ls), creating directories (mkdir) and files (touch, cat), copying files (cp), changing directories (cd), moving files (mv), finding file locations (whereis, which), displaying manual pages (man, info), checking disk usage (df, du), viewing running processes (ps), setting aliases (alias), changing user identity (su, sudo), viewing command history (history), setting the system date and time (date), displaying calendars (cal), and clearing the terminal screen (clear). It provides the syntax and examples for using each command.
Linux is an open-source operating system that can be used as an alternative to proprietary operating systems like Windows. The document provides an overview of Linux, including its history beginning as a free Unix-like kernel developed by Linus Torvalds. It discusses the GNU project and how Linux combined with GNU software to form a complete free operating system. Additionally, it covers topics like Debian Linux, package management, GUI and CLI interfaces, and basic Linux commands.
This document provides an introduction to the Linux operating system, including its history and key components. It describes how the GNU Project was established to create a free UNIX-like OS and how Linus Torvalds later developed the first Linux kernel. It outlines some of Linux's main features like being open source and virus-free, and discusses popular desktop distributions like Ubuntu, Fedora and Debian. Certifications for Linux like Red Hat's RHCT and RHCE are also briefly mentioned.
The document discusses human and computer languages. It defines computer languages as those that allow users to command computers through algorithms. There are two types of computer languages: low-level and high-level. Low-level languages like machine code and assembly languages provide little abstraction from hardware and are used for first and second generation computers. High-level languages like C, Java, and Visual Basic provide more abstraction and are easier for humans to use. They were introduced for third generation computers.
There are four categories of computer languages: high-level languages, low-level languages, assembly language, and machine language. High-level languages are closer to human language and need translators to be understood by computers. Low-level languages are closer to machine language and do not need translators. Assembly language sits between high-level and machine language by using mnemonic codes. Machine language consists of binary and is the only language computers can directly understand. Translators like compilers, interpreters, and assemblers are used to convert between these language categories.
This document provides an overview of 27 basic Linux commands, including ls to list files, rm to remove files, rmdir to remove empty directories, cat to display file contents, cd to change directories, mv to move/rename files, who to display logged in users, mkdir to create directories, cp to copy files, and man to view command manuals. It also covers commands for permissions (chmod), clearing the screen (clear), viewing users (w), remote login (telnet), creating files (touch), editing files (vi), displaying date and time (date), viewing calendar (cal), showing IP address (ifconfig), and hostname.
Popular third generation languages include C++, Visual Basic, and Java. C++ is widely used for hardware design. Visual Basic is relatively easy to learn with an
A programming language is a set of rules that allows humans to tell computers what operations to perform. Programming languages provide tools for developing executable models for problem domains and exist at various levels from high-level languages that are closer to human language to low-level machine code. Some of the principal programming paradigms include imperative, object-oriented, logic/declarative, and functional programming. Popular high-level languages include FORTRAN, COBOL, BASIC, C, C++, Java, and markup languages like HTML and XML.
This document provides a summary of the Unix and GNU/Linux command line. It begins with an overview of files and file systems in Unix, including that everything is treated as a file. It then discusses command line interpreters (shells), and commands for handling files and directories like ls, cd, cp, and rm. It also covers redirecting standard input/output, pipes, and controlling processes. The document is intended as training material and provides a detailed outline of its contents.
The document provides an overview of Linux, including its history and features. It discusses how Linux originated from the GNU project and was started by Linus Torvalds. Linux is an open source operating system that can run on various platforms. It provides features like multi-user access, multitasking, and security benefits compared to other operating systems. The document also describes the typical Linux desktop environment and popular software applications available for Linux.
Here are the key differences between relative and absolute paths in Linux:
- Relative paths specify a location relative to the current working directory, while absolute paths specify a location from the root directory.
- Relative paths start from the current directory, denoted by a period (.). Absolute paths always start from the root directory, denoted by a forward slash (/).
- Relative paths are dependent on the current working directory and may change if the working directory changes. Absolute paths will always refer to the same location regardless of current working directory.
- Examples:
- Relative: ./file.txt (current directory)
- Absolute: /home/user/file.txt (from root directory)
So in summary, relative paths
This document provides an overview of Linux including:
- Different pronunciations of Linux and the origins of each pronunciation.
- A definition of Linux as a generic term for Unix-like operating systems with graphical user interfaces.
- Why Linux is significant as a powerful, free, and customizable operating system that runs on multiple hardware platforms.
- An introduction to key Linux concepts like multi-user systems, multiprocessing, multitasking and open source software.
- Examples of common Linux commands for file handling, text processing, and system administration.
Lect 1. introduction to programming languagesVarun Garg
A programming language is a set of rules that allows humans to communicate instructions to computers. There are many programming languages because they have evolved over time as better ways to design them have been developed. Programming languages can be categorized based on their generation or programming paradigm such as imperative, object-oriented, logic-based, and functional. Characteristics like writability, readability, reliability and maintainability are important qualities for programming languages.