The document discusses using small cells to address increasing mobile broadband demand. It notes that mobile traffic is increasing exponentially and small cells can provide significantly more capacity than traditional macrocells. However, challenges include interference management, resource management across a heterogeneous network of small cells and macrocells, and coordinating a multi-vendor small cell environment. The document promotes NEC's small cell solutions and software-defined networking approach for optimizing a multi-vendor heterogeneous network.

1. High Quality, High Capacity and
Cost Effective Wireless Broadband
LTE World Summit 2012
23rd- 24th May 2012, Barcelona
NEC Europe
Prof. Shahram G Niri
Director of Global LTE/SAE Strategy & Solution

2. Towards Future Mobile Broadband
 More mobile broadband users
Service
 More connected devices, smartphones,
PDAs, enabled laptops & M2M
 More services and applications, social NW,
m commerce, internet mobility
 More bandwidth hungry applications, video
centric
 Subscribers more than ever demanding
Capacity
 User satisfaction more than ever important
Mobile traffic likely to increase (1000 fold
every 10 years)
Revenue flattens Traffi
c
Cost
Networks to improve in intelligence, flexibility, Gap
Revenue
automation, resilience, efficiency, capacity, speed,
and latency YET at lower delivery cost Time
Page 2 © NEC Corporation 2012

3. Small Cells - Big Capacity and Cost Effective
8000
Petabytes
Up to 32 times (2010-2015), Up to 1000 times (2010-2020)
7000
Per Month The volume of the capacity increase and the speed of
50%CAGR
x32 upgrade are key challenges
6000
A continuous challenge to stay ahead of traffic increase
5000 100% CAGR
4000
3000
Off-load will be one of the solutions help to cope with
capacity demand
x10
2000  Frequency reuse a key to keep up with exponential
1000 increase of traffic in the future with limited spectrum
0
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Small Cells Solutions - Femto to Micro
Architecture & Pico/Micro
Technical Topology Femto
Advances
Off- 4
Loads ~ X1000
More 3 X3
Spectrum > X10
2 X1.5
Home Enterprise / Hot
1 X2
Zone Hot Spots Zone
Page 3 3
Page © NEC Corporation 2012

4. LTE Small Cell & Het-Net
Heterogeneous network
LTE Coverage Layer
Coverage Layer (lower frequency) +
2G/3G
Capacity Layer (higher frequency and
small cells)
Small Cell benefits include:
 Big capacity
LTE Capacity Layer  High performance
 Easier operation
 Faster deployment
Outdoor
LTE pico/micro >1W  Low TCO
LTE pico/micro
< 5W  New services
 Additional revenue
Enterprise Residential Public
Challenges include:
 Interference
Indoor
< 1W  Resource management
 Multi vendor SON & management
 Backhaul
Femtocell/WiFi Femtocell/WiFi
Femtocell
 Mind Set Change!
The small cell solutions will be key element of a sustainable
mobile broadband business
Page 4 © NEC Corporation 2012

5. Performance, Small Cells
VS
Macro ISD=500m 3-sectors Micro ISD=200m 3.3x capacity”
Dense Urban
Macro Micro
Tx power 40W 8W
Antenna Height 30 meters 10 meters
Spectrum 2.6GHz (10MHz) 2.6GHz (10MHz)
Sectorization 3-sectors OMNI
2x faster!
3.3x capacity
3.3x higher system throughput
2x faster average user data rate @ 100Mbps/km2
Far better cell edge/indoor performance
Page 5 © NEC Corporation 2012

6. Performance, Small Cells in Het-Net
Macro only Het-Net: Small cell & Macro
(Up to Micro/Macro ratio =10 )
Macro eNB
3 Sector Macro Cell
Micro eNB Micro Cell
1 Sector (Omni)
System Throughput User Data Rate CAPEX and OPEX for Similar Capacity
1 1 1.0 1
0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8
Downlink
Uplink 4x 9x CAPEX
0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6
Downlink OPEX
6x 7x 4x
0.4 0.4 0.4
Uplink
0.4
0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
0 0 0.0 0
Macro Only Micro/Macro Micro/Macro Micro/Macro Macro Only Micro/Macro Micro/Macro Micro/Macro Macro Only Micro/Macro Micro/Macro Micro/Macro
ratio =2 ratio =5 ratio =10 ratio =2 ratio =5 ratio =10 ratio =2 ratio =5 ratio =10
up to 6-7 times system throughput up to 4 times downlink and 9 times up to 75% less CAPEX compared to
increased by Het-Net uplink user data rate improvement traditional Macro only approach
Page 6 © NEC Corporation 2012

7. SON & Het-Net
Future Het-Net outlook: e.g. Europe
Het-Net Building Blocks
SON
Server
LTE Coverage Layer Multiple Multiple tx
Management
800MHz/1800MHz/2600MHz technologies power
System
LTE Capacity Layer
EPC Multiple form
Small Cells 1800MHz/2600MHz/3500MHz Multi-vendor
factors
GW
Multiple
SON Spectrum
Configuration
Server
Het-Net Challenges
Interference Macro cells and small cells at the same frequency
Macro cells and small cells at different frequencies
Radio Resource HO, Load Balancing & Mobility Management
Management
All small cells (Femto & Pico/Micro) connected to GW
Architecture Femto only connected to Femto GW – Pico/Micro connected directly to ePC
Coordination & SON: Centralised, Distributed, Hybrid
Management  Multi vendor SON
Page 7 © NEC Corporation 2012

8. Multi-Vendor SON in Het-Net
 Het-Net is a new term for 3GPP HCS
 Het-Net is mainly used when there are two different RATs -> LTE Macro + LET small cell is not really a Het-Net
 3GPP addresses most of the challenges in phases, Rel.9,10 and 11
 Coordination in Het-Net is needed but the level of coordination depends on scenarios
 The SON architecture flavour, i.e. distributed, centralised or hybrid, varies between vendors
 Availability & openness of X2 and N-Int are important factor and will lead to different solutions by each vendor
Macro vendor’s Hybrid Architecture
NMS  SON functions are placed at the best suited
position for each use case
Macro Itf-N
EMS NEC’s
NEC EMS
SON  NEC’s eNB executes SON-related
Server measurements and short-term parameter
updates, such as load balancing
X2
 NEC’s SON server executes statistical
Macro eNB X2 analysis, long-term parameter updates and
provide interwork function with other vendor’s
NM-level SON over Itf-N
Page 8 © NEC Corporation 2012

9. Multi-Vendor SON in Het-Net
Interference Management: Cell Optimization
 CCO, eICIC, ICIC (if X2 available)
Resource Management:
 Speed based HO, Enhanced Scheduler,
Advanced QoS provisioning, Energy Saving, …
Multi-Vendor SON in Het-Net
Different Solutions depending on scenarios Interfered Mobile
 Option 1: Macro-cell provides SON-related
standardised information via X2
Various Options
 Option 2: Macro-cell provides SON-related
standardised information via O&M SON Option 1: Option 2: Option 3
Features X2 OAM NEC
 Option 3: if the information could not be obtained PCI TS 36.423 TS 32.762
from macro vendors, a set of NEC specific
eNB and S1, …
ANR NA NA
Info from UE,
algorithms used- measurements or statistics
MRO TS 36.423 TS 32.425
collected from NEC’s eNB or UEs.
MLB TS 36.423 TS 32.425
CCO TS 36.423 TS 32.425
Page 9 © NEC Corporation 2012

10. NEC LTE Small Cell Solution Tool Box
MB-4300 eNB(REC+RE) LTE Femto-cells
• Small form factor, light weight
• High capacity and performance •Indoor / Outdoor deployment
• Compact: 10L/10 Kg •Residential, Enterprise, Public
• Zero foot print, wall/poll mount •Zero Touch, Plug&Play
• Fan less and air-cooling •Lightweight, Wall/Ceiling/Desk mounted
• Green & low power consumption •Multiple frequencies support
• Carrier grade quality and reliability •SON managed
• SON managed/ Het-Net adaptation •Connected to EPC via GW
• Scalable OMC • Various TX power options
• Electrical and Optical backhaul
interface
iPASOLINK SX Multivendor SON for Het-Net
• Short-reach high capacity packet
• Pole solution , No footprint, Plug & Play • Full set of SON Implementation under
flexible hybrid SON architecture
• All-outdoor with integrated antenna
• Fully integrated SON features:
• Lightweight design (3L/3kg) COC/CCO/ANR/MRO/MLB
• Utilises ‘zero-cost’ spectrum • Multi-vendor SON solution based on
• Unique SW feature usage between iPASOLINK standardised information and NEC’s
SX and eNB unique algorithms
• Enables nodal aggregation and ring & mesh • Flexible management system to adapt
topologies the multi-vendor environment based on
operator’s requirements
Page 10 © NEC Corporation 2012

11. Concluding Remarks
 The capacity crunch and spectrum shortage are both real
 The small cell solution will provide significant capacity, rapidly and at low cost
 Need small cells in a Het-Net environment with a more intelligent, automated, resilient and
efficient SON system
 The small cells deployment is a paradigm shift and operators need to rethink their Models
 Different approach to deployment Macro-cell Vs Small Cell mainly with regard to
 Backhaul, operation and management, cost, …
 Move away from macro: small cell ratio calculation in the cost analysis -> Cost: Mbs/Hz/Km²
 Cost analysis will be different if Macro LTE and small cell is carried out in isolation
 The site options, backhaul, regulation and cost needs to be carefully taken into account
 The Multi-Vendor SON for Het-Net is more of an IOT and vendor’s willingness to cooperate
 A mind set change is needed
Page 11 © NEC Corporation 2012