Russian presidential elections of 1991, 1996, 2000, 2004, 2008, and 2012

 Held in Russian SFSR on 12
June 1991; first presidential
election in the nation’s history,
following referendum on
electing a president in March
 Result was victory for Boris
Yeltsin, who won 58.6% of the
vote , and won over CPSU
candidate Nikolai Ryzhkov
 Yeltsin ran as an independent,
but was supported by
Democratic Russia

 Presidential candidate: Boris Yeltsin
 Vice-presidential candidate: Alexander Rutskoy
 Party: None
 Votes: 45,552,041
 Percent: 58.6
 Presidential candidate: Nikolai Ryzhkov
 Vice-presidential candidate: Boris Gromov
 Party: Communist Party of the Soviet Union
 Votes: 13,395,335
 Percent: 17.2
 Presidential candidate: Vladimir Zhirinovsky
 Vice-presidential candidate: Andrey Zavidiya
 Party: Liberal Democratic Party
 Votes: 6,211,007
 Percent: 8.0

 Presidential candidate: Aman Tuleyev
 Vice-presidential candidate: Victor Bocharov
 Votes: 5,417,464
 Percent: 7.0
 Presidential candidate: Albert Makashov
 Vice-presidential candidate: Aleksei Sergeyev
 Votes: 2,969,511
 Percent: 3.8
 Presidential candidate: Vadim Bakatin
 Vice-presidential candidate: Ramazan Abdulatipov
 Votes: 2,719,757
 Percent: 3.5

 Against all
 Votes: 1,525,410
 Percent: 2.0
 Invalid/blank votes
 Votes: 1,716,757
 Percent: -
 Total
 Votes: 79,507,282
 Percent: 100
 Registered voters/turnout
 Votes: 106,484,518
 Percent: 74.7

 Held in Russia on 16 June 1996;
second round was held 3 July
 Result was victory for
incumbent President Boris
Yeltsin, who ran as independent
and defeated opponent
Gennady Zyuganov of
Communist Party of the Russian
Federation in run-off
 Yeltsin won 54.4% of the vote;
his inauguration ceremony was
held on Friday 9 August

 Candidate:  Candidate: Gennady
Boris Yeltsin Zyuganov
 Party: Communist
 Party: None
Party of the Russian
 Votes: Federation
26,665,495  Votes: 24,211,686
 Percent: 35.8  Percent: 32.5

 Candidate: Boris  Candidate: Gennady
Zyuganov
Yeltsin
 Party: Communist Party
 Party: None of the Russian
Federation
 Votes: 40,203,948
 Votes: 30,102,288
 Percent: 54.4  Percent: 40.7

 Held in Russia on 26 March
2000
 Incumbent PM and acting
President Vladimir Putin,
who ascended to the
presidency in the wake of
Boris Yeltsin’s resignation on
31 December 1999, was
seeking a four-year term
 Putin won the elections in
first round over Communist
opponent Gennady
Zyuganov

 Candidate: Vladimir Putin  Candidate: Aman Tuleyev
 Party: None  Party: None
 Votes: 39,740,467  Votes: 2,217,364
 Percent: 53.4  Percent: 3.0
 Candidate: Gennady  Candidate: Vladimir
Zyuganov Zhirinovsky
 Party: Communist Party of the  Party: Liberal Democratic
Russian Federation Party of Russia
 Votes: 21,928,468  Votes: 2,026,509
 Candidate: Grigory  Konstantin Titov
Yavlinsky  Party: None (unofficially
 Party: Yabloko aligned with Union of Right
 Votes: 4,351,450 Forces)
 Percent: 5.9  Votes: 1,107,269
 Percent: 1.5

 Candidate: Ella Pamfilova  Candidate: Alexey Podberezkin
 Party: For Civic Dignity  Party: Spiritual Heritage
 Votes: 758,967  Votes: 98,177
 Candidate: Stanislav Govorukhin  Candidate: Umar Dzhabrailov
 Party: None  Party: None
 Votes: 328,723  Votes: 78,498
 Candidate: Yury Skuratov  Against all
 Party: None  Votes: 1,414,673
 Votes: 319,189  Percent: 1.9
 Percent: 0.4  Invalid/blank votes
 Votes: 701,016
 Percent: -
 Total
 Votes: 75,070,770
 Percent: 100
 Votes: 109,372,043
 Percent: 68.6

 Held in Russia on 14 March
2004
 Incumbent President
Vladimir Putin was seeking
another four-year term
 Putin was re-elected with
71.9% of the vote, winning
over Communist Party
candidate Nikolay
Kharitonov

 Candidate: Vladimir Putin
 Party: None
 Votes: 49,558,328
 Percent: 71.9
 Candidate: Nikolay Kharitinov
 Party: Communist Party of the Russian Federation
 Votes: 9,514,554
 Percent: 13.8
 Candidate: Sergey Glazyev
 Party: None
 Votes: 2,850,610
 Percent: 4.1
 Candidate: Irina Khakamada
 Party: None
 Votes: 2,672,189
 Percent: 3.9

 Oleg Malyshkin
 Party: Liberal Democratic Party of Russia
 Votes: 1,405,326
 Percent: 2.0
 Sergey Mironov
 Party: Russian Party of Life
 Votes: 524,332
 Percent: 0.8
 Against all
 Votes: 2,397,140
 Percent: 3.5
 Invalid/blank votes
 Votes: 578,847
 Percent: -
 Total
 Votes: 69,501,326
 Percent: 100
 Votes: 108,064,281
 Percent: 64.3

 Held on 2 March 2008; resulted in
election of Dmitry Medvedev as third
President of Russia
 Medvedev’s candidacy was backed by
incumbent President Vladimir Putin and
five political parties (United Russia, Fair
Russia, Agrarian Party, Civilian Power,
Russian Ecological Party “The Greens”)
and he won 71% of the vote, defeating
candidates from Communist Party of the
Russian Federation, Liberal Democratic
Party of Russia and Democratic Party of
Russia
 The fairness of this election was disputed
and official monitoring groups gave
conflicting reports; some reported the
election was free and fair and others
reported that not every candidate had
equal coverage from the media and that
Kremlin opposition was not treated fairly
 OSCE election monitoring group declined
to monitor the election because of what it
labeled “severe restrictions on its
observers by the Russian government”, a
charge Russia fervidly dismissed

 Candidate: Dmitry Medvedev
 Nominating parties: United Russia (was also supported by Agrarian Party, Fair Russia,
Russian Ecological Party – “The Greens” and Civilian Power, but was officially nominated
by United Russia)
 Votes: 52,530,712
 Percent: 71.2
 Candidate: Gennady Zyuganov
 Nominating parties: Communist Party of the Russian Federation
 Votes: 13,243,550
 Percent: 18.0
 Candidate: Vladimir Zhirinovsky
 Nominating parties: Liberal Democratic Party of Russia
 Votes: 6,988,510
 Percent: 9.5
 Candidate: Andrei Bogdanov
 Nominating parties: Democratic Party of Russia
 Votes: 968,344
 Percent: 1.3
 Invalid/blank ballots
 Votes: 1,105,533
 Percent: -

 Total
 Votes: 74,746,649
 Percent: 100
 Votes: 107,222,016
 Percent: 69.7

 Held on 4 March 2012 with five officially
registered candidates: four representatives
(each one from a party represented in State
Duma) and one independent
 This election was for the new and extended
term of six years
 At the United Russia Congress, held in
Moscow on 24 September 2011, incumbent
President Dmitry Medvedev offered
incumbent PM and predecessor Vladimir
Putin to reclaim the presidency, which Putin
accepted, offering Medvedev in turn to
stand on United Russia ticket in legislative
election in December so Medvedev could be
PM at the close of his presidential term
 Putin gained 63.64 percent of the vote with
nearly 100% of the votes counted; with this
victory, he has received a third term in the
Kremlin
 Observers from Organization for Security
and Cooperation in Europe reported there
were irregularities including ballot stuffing
at nearly a third of the stations they
monitored
 Next presidential election will be in 2018

 Candidate: Vladimir Putin
 Nominating parties: United Russia
 Votes: 45,513,001
 Percent: 63.64
 Candidate: Gennady Zyuganov
 Nominating parties: Communist Party of the Russian Federation
 Votes: 12,288,624
 Percent: 17.18
 Candidate: Mikhail Prokhorov
 Nominating parties: None
 Votes: 5,680,558
 Percent: 7.94
 Candidate: Vladimir Zhirinovsky
 Nominating parties: Liberal Democratic Party of Russia
 Votes: 4,448,959
 Percent: 6.22

 Sergey Mironov
 Party: A Just Russia
 Votes: 2,755,642
 Percent: 3.85
 Valid votes
 Votes: 70,686,784
 Percent: 98.84
 Invalid votes
 Votes: 833,191
 Percent: 1.16
 Total votes
 Votes: 71,519,975
 Percent: 100.00
 Votes: 109,610,812
 Percent: 65.25

Russian presidential elections of 1991, 1996, 2000, 2004, 2008, and 2012

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