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Rural administration involves taking care of villagers' needs like electricity, water, and roads, as well as maintaining land records and resolving conflicts. Police stations have fixed jurisdictions over areas, where people can register complaints about issues like theft, injury, or accidents. Rural land records are maintained by patwaris, who help measure land, collect revenue, and provide information to the government about crops grown.
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Rural administration oversees the needs of villages such as water, electricity, roads, and land records. A police station has jurisdiction over a fixed area, where people can register complaints about crimes or accidents. At the police station, complaints are recorded in a First Information Report and the Station House Officer is in charge of investigations. Land records are maintained by the Patwari, who measures land and collects revenue from farmers. Districts are divided into sub-units governed by revenue officers called tehsildars, who resolve land disputes and provide copies of records to farmers.
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Guidance is of a world of learning where resource materials are created, Managed and used in the best interest of students. It is based on the compelling truth that improving quality knowledge is the key to the each and every success.
We are dedicated to provide excellence in education, preparing leaders for a diverse, engaged in research and creative activities that generate new knowledge and applications for effective practice and that foster interdisciplinary approaches to address information challenges.
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PUA 6304, Local Government 1
Course Learning Outcomes for Unit IV
Upon completion of this unit, students should be able to:
1. Identify the concept of local government service.
2. Examine the functions of local government.
Reading Assignment
State and Local Government:
Chapter 10:
Local Government: Types and Functions
Unit Lesson
Local governments have a long history in this country. As settlements began to develop there were common
or public needs that were identified. These local needs included the provision of potable water sources,
managing waste water, building roads and bridges and protective services like fire and police. Clearly, the
adoption of the services were aimed at providing local services. To identify and respond to these local needs
the US adopted a model that was far different than the central government model that was prevalent in
Europe. In particular, the US model of governance is based on two tiers in the Constitution (federal and state).
Local governments (which are not specifically identified in the Constitution) are under the jurisdiction of the
states and the state legislature.
As communities developed in the US the model included the use of regular, public gatherings of citizens to
consider the types of services and functions that the community was prepared to initiate. These "town hall"
meetings became a hallmark of American democracy in action. Over time, the increasing complexities in
development patterns required more formal structures and organizations to manage communities properly.
For a more detailed discussion of some of the current challenges and solutions related to local government,
see the National League of Cities (NLC) web site at http://www.nlc.org/. The NLC represents more than
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On a practical basis, most communities have a physical Town Hall which serves as the operational center for
a local government. As we see in the readings, the role of the local government is to provide local services
that serve the best interest of a community from the perspective of both property related services and
services of benefit to the residents. Of course, this part of the system using locally elected officials is very
similar to that used in state legislatures and the federal system. The main difference is that local officials live
in the communities that they govern full time. Hence, they are more readily available to their friends,
neighbors, and citizens. In many cases, local officials are elected on a district or ward basis allowing them to
represent a specific sub-area of the community. Alternatively, we do see some communities where officials
may be elected at-large, representing the entire city.
Practically, decisions are made by locally-elected officials operating as boards or councils. The spokesperson
for local governments usually takes the role of mayor. Again, this is an elected positi ...
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Urban areas in India have over 5,000 towns and 27 major cities with populations over 1 million. Many villagers migrate to cities for better access to facilities and employment opportunities. Street vendors work self-employed jobs in cities, selling goods from temporary street stalls that can be dismantled by police. While efforts are being made to protect street vendors' livelihoods, there are also shop owners in markets and showrooms, as well as various types of factory and office workers, ranging from casual day laborers with no benefits to permanent employees with job security.
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Our constitution establishes India as a democratic, socialist, secular republic. It guarantees certain fundamental rights to citizens and also outlines corresponding duties. The constitution was adopted in 1949 and came into force in 1950 on January 26th, which is celebrated as Republic Day. It provides guidelines for the government to ensure welfare of all citizens and improvement of living conditions, especially for weaker sections of society.
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This document provides information about words used to describe people in ancient Indian texts like the Rigveda. It discusses:
1. Words used in the Rigveda to describe people based on their work (priests, warriors), community/tribe (jana, vish), or language/culture (Aryas vs. Dasyus).
2. Megalithic burial sites from 3000 years ago across India involving large stones marking graves. Burials contained pottery, tools, weapons and ornaments indicating social status.
3. Skeletal studies can identify sex based on bone structure like wider pelvises in women, though ancient Indian physician Charaka estimated 360 bones in the human body versus
Discontent Among Indians.pptx
Farmers in India were forced by British East India Company officers to grow certain crops and sell them at unfairly low prices, negatively impacting farmers' livelihoods. British mill cloth also started being sold in India, hurting local traders, handloom industries, and workers. Along with unjust laws allowing British control over more kingdoms, these actions led many Indians including farmers, workers, traders, and rulers to feel angry and dissatisfied with British rule, resulting in revolts and uprisings against them.
landforms-200716152526 (1).pptx
The document describes the major landforms of Earth, including mountains, valleys, plains, plateaus, islands, lakes, oceans, coasts, deserts, and rivers. It explains that landforms are created by both internal processes like earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and plate tectonics, and external processes like erosion and deposition from forces like water, wind, and ice. Mountains, plateaus, plains, valleys, islands, lakes, oceans, coasts, deserts, and rivers are defined and examples of each are provided.
childrens-day-1226928792807945-9.pptx
The document discusses Children's Day, which is celebrated in India on November 14th each year to honor Jawaharlal Nehru's birthday. Nehru was the first Prime Minister of independent India and had a strong passion for children and their development. He often compared children to flowers and was known to pin roses on his coat after children gave them to him. Children's Day pays tribute to children around the world and is meant to celebrate childhood while remembering Nehru's dedication to children and India's future.
Biodiverse.pptx
This document discusses a student council project on biodiversity. It defines biodiversity as the variety of living things, including plants, animals and microorganisms. There are three types of biodiversity: genetic diversity within a species, species diversity in a given area, and ecosystem diversity. Biodiversity is important for ensuring health, food security, and fighting diseases. It also protects ecosystems by recycling nutrients, regulating pests and disease, and pollinating crops. Main threats to biodiversity include changes in land and water use, overexploitation, climate change, pollution, and invasive species. The document promotes conservation efforts like establishing protected areas, limiting hunting and population growth, using renewable energy, and imparting environmental education.
3. Imperialism in India
The British controlled India for over 200 years through the British East India Company, exploiting differences in language and religion among Indian people to maintain power. While the British built infrastructure like railroads and schools to strengthen their political and economic dominance, their rule also led to a Sepoy Mutiny in 1857 when Indian soldiers revolted upon learning the British disrespected their religious beliefs, after which the British government took full control of India until after World War II.
roleoftheun-140108102812-phpapp01.pptx
The UN was founded in 1945 after World War II to promote international cooperation and prevent future wars. It has six main organs: the General Assembly, Security Council, Economic and Social Council, Trusteeship Council, International Court of Justice, and Secretariat. The Security Council works to maintain peace and security, while other agencies focus on human rights, development, and other issues. When Iraq invaded Kuwait in 1990, the Security Council passed resolutions demanding Iraq's immediate withdrawal.
kabir.pptx
Kabir Das was a 15th century Indian mystic poet and saint from Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh. He was born into a Muslim family but was strongly influenced by the Hindu bhakti leader Ramananda. Kabir taught that the true God exists within those who follow the path of righteousness, and his teachings influenced both Hinduism's Bhakti movement and Sikhism. Kabir composed spiritual poems in local dialects that are still influential today. His legacy lives on through the Kabir Panth religious community which sees him as its founder.
Harappa.ppt
The Harappan civilization flourished from 2300-1750 BCE along the Indus River valley. Major cities like Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro had populations of over 35,000 people and featured gridded streets, drainage systems, and residential buildings constructed around courtyards. Artifacts reveal an advanced urban society that engaged in local agriculture and long-distance trade, as evidenced by standardized bricks, seals depicting animals and gods, and handcrafted pottery and sculptures.
Jainism.pptx
Jainism was founded by Vardhamana Mahavira, the 24th tirthankara, who lived around 2500 years ago. He was a Kshatriya prince who, at age 30, renounced his home and possessions to live an ascetic life in the forest. After 12 years of hardship, he attained enlightenment and taught others. His core teachings were non-violence and that men and women must leave home and follow strict rules of ahimsa to understand the truth. Followers, called Jainas, had to live very simply by begging, being honest, and observing celibacy. Over hundreds of years, Jainism spread across North India and parts of Gujarat
PANCHAYATI RAJ.pptx
The document summarizes the structure and function of gram sabhas and panchayats in Indian villages. It explains that a gram sabha is a meeting of all adults living in an area covered by a panchayat, which can include one or multiple villages. The gram sabha discusses issues like water shortages facing the village. One solution presented is watershed development, where trees are planted and check dams and tanks are constructed to manage water flow across an area. A panchayat is divided into wards, with each ward electing a panch to represent them. Together the panchs and the sarpanch, who is elected as panchayat president, form the gram panchayat governing
Our yoga routine
This document appears to be a collection of student assignments on the topic of yoga. It includes students' names, classes, schedule details for yoga practice, and short paragraphs describing the benefits of yoga. Key points mentioned are that yoga helps keep the body healthy and fit, it is an ancient practice, and it involves activities like meditation that reduce stress and promote relaxation.
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- 1. Name: Janeth Camen Roger Magwaza Reg #: 11816142 Topic: Rural administration (Social science) Class: Six (6th) Date: February 14, 2022
- 2. • What do you understand by rural administration students?
- 3. Definition and roles of rural administration • Rural administration are those administrative practices that are done or carried out in villages and towns. • Some roles of rural administrations includes: Taking immediate care of people needs like: electricity, water, roads network and Health In addition to the mentioned above, rural administration also includes the maintenance of land records, and as well as dealing with conflict are also part of it roles.
- 4. Area and Police station It is true that every police station has a fixed area which comes under its control. Each and every person of a particular area can register complaints within their local police station. Based on the complaints, it can vary from theft, injury, fight and as well as accidents issues.
- 5. Work done at the police station The report lodged in at the police station is usually known as First Information Report (F.I.R.) The Station House Officers (S.H.O) is the main person in charge of every police station. In order to get a case registered, a person must be able to write a report at the police station then in addition to such, the police officials will then examine the case and then take legal actions as per the law of the country. Mostly in rural areas, disputes are mainly caused due to land issues.
- 6. Quick Quiz 1. It is true that every police station has a fixed area which comes under its control. A. True B. False C. Both A&B 2. Rural administration are those administrative practices that are done or carried out in villages and towns. A. False B. True C. None of the above 3. ________ Is the main person in charge of every police station. A. Station house officers B. Police commander C. Duty police officers
- 7. Maintenance of Land Records The Patwari is usually known by different names in different states. Within some villages, such officers are called “Lekhpal” and in others they are called Kanungo, Karamchari or village officers etc… The Patwari’s Functions The Patwari helps to updates and maintain the records of the village. Helps to measure land and as well keep land records in the main work of the Patwari. The Patwari is responsible for organizing the collection of land revenue from the farmers and then provide information to the government about the crops grown in this area.
- 8. The managing process of Land within a village All India’s states are divided into districts. These districts are further sub-divided known by different names such as: taluka tehsil etc... At the head is the district collector and under her are the revenue officers that can also be known as “Tehsildars”. The revenue officers or Tehsildars come under the district collector. The Tehsildar is responsible for supervising the work of the Patwari in regards to the collection of land revenue. They also perform administrative tasks like providing farmers with copies of their land records and hearing land disputes.
- 9. The New Law: Hindu Succession Amendment Act (2005) • The Hindu Succession Amendment Act (2005) came into force from September 2005. • In the new law sons, daughters and their mothers can get an equal share in the land. • The same law will apply to all states and as well as union territories of the country.
- 10. Quick Quiz 1. The _______ is usually known by different names in different states. A) Patwari B) Officers C) Villagers 2. All India’s states are divided into ______. A) Towns B) Districts C) Colonies 3. The Hindu Succession Amendment Act (2005) came into force from ____. A) November, 2005 B) June, 2018 C) September, 2005
- 11. RECAPITULATION • Dear students, today we have learnt about “Rural Development”. Pupil teacher will now ask students the following questions: 1. Outline the roles of Rural Administration. 2. Briefly discuss any two functions of the Patwari.
- 12. Home 1. How did India get its name? Explain. 2. What are tributaries? Explain with sufficient examples.