Running head: ARTICLE CRITIQUE INSTRUCTIONS 1
ARTICLE CRITIQUE INSTRUCTIONS 2
Purpose of The Article Critique Paper
1). Psychological Purpose
This paper serves several purposes, the first of which is helping you gain insight into research papers in psychology. As this may be your first time reading and writing papers in psychology, one goal of Paper I is to give you insight into what goes into such papers. This article critique paper will help you learn about the various sections of an empirical research report by reading at least one peer-reviewed articles (articles that have a Title Page, Abstract*, Literature Review, Methods Section, Results Section, and References Page—I have already selected some articles for you to critique, so make sure you only critique one in the folder provided on Canvas) This paper will also give you some insights into how the results sections are written in APA formatted research articles. Pay close attention to those sections, as throughout this course you’ll be writing up some results of your own!
In this relatively short paper, you will read one of five articles posted on Canvas and summarize what the authors did and what they found. The first part of the paper should focus on summarizing the design the authors used for their project. That is, you will identify the independent and dependent variables, talk about how the authors carried out their study, and then summarize the results (you don’t need to fully understand the statistics in the results, but try to get a sense of what the authors did in their analyses). In the second part of the paper, you will critique the article for its methodological strengths and weaknesses. Finally, in part three, you will provide your references for the Article Critique Paper in APA format.
2). APA Formatting Purpose
The second purpose of the Article Critique paper is to teach you proper American Psychological Association (APA) formatting. In the instructions below, I tell you how to format your paper using APA style. There are a lot of very specific requirements in APA papers, so pay attention to the instructions below as well as Chapter 14 in your textbook! I highly recommend using the Paper I Checklist before submitting your paper, as it will help walk you through the picky nuances of APA formatting.
3). Writing Purpose
Finally, this paper is intended to help you grow as a writer. Few psychology classes give you the chance to write papers and receive feedback on your work. This class will! We will give you feedback on this paper in terms of content, spelling, and grammar.
Article Critique Paper (60 points possible)
Each student is required to write an article critique paper based on one of the research articles present on Canvas only those articles listed on Canvas can be critiqued – if you critique a different article, it will not be graded). If you are unclear about any of this information, please ask.
What is an article critique paper?
An article critique is ...
Running head ARTICLE CRITIQUE INSTRUCTIONS1ARTICLE CRITIQUE I.docxtoddr4
Running head: ARTICLE CRITIQUE INSTRUCTIONS 1
ARTICLE CRITIQUE INSTRUCTIONS 2
Article Critique Instructions (60 points possible)
Ryan J. Winter
Florida International University
Purpose of The Article Critique Paper
1). Psychological Purpose
This paper serves several purposes, the first of which is helping you gain insight into research papers in psychology. As this may be your first time reading and writing papers in psychology, one goal of Paper I is to give you insight into what goes into such papers. This article critique paper will help you learn about the various sections of an empirical research report by reading at least one peer-reviewed articles (articles that have a Title Page, Abstract*, Literature Review, Methods Section, Results Section, and References Page—I have already selected some articles for you to critique, so make sure you only critique one in the folder provided on Canvas) This paper will also give you some insights into how the results sections are written in APA formatted research articles. Pay close attention to those sections, as throughout this course you’ll be writing up some results of your own!
In this relatively short paper, you will read one of five articles posted on Canvas and summarize what the authors did and what they found. The first part of the paper should focus on summarizing the design the authors used for their project. That is, you will identify the independent and dependent variables, talk about how the authors carried out their study, and then summarize the results (you don’t need to fully understand the statistics in the results, but try to get a sense of what the authors did in their analyses). In the second part of the paper, you will critique the article for its methodological strengths and weaknesses. Finally, in part three, you will provide your references for the Article Critique Paper in APA format.
2). APA Formatting Purpose
The second purpose of the Article Critique paper is to teach you proper American Psychological Association (APA) formatting. In the instructions below, I tell you how to format your paper using APA style. There are a lot of very specific requirements in APA papers, so pay attention to the instructions below as well as Chapter 14 in your textbook! I highly recommend using the Paper I Checklist before submitting your paper, as it will help walk you through the picky nuances of APA formatting.
3). Writing Purpose
Finally, this paper is intended to help you grow as a writer. Few psychology classes give you the chance to write papers and receive feedback on your work. This class will! We will give you feedback on this paper in terms of content, spelling, and grammar.
Article Critique Paper (60 points possible)
Each student is required to write an article critique paper based on one of the research articles present on Canvas only those articles listed on Canvas can be critiqued – if you critique a different article, it will not be graded). If you ar.
Running head ARTICLE CRITIQUE INSTRUCTIONS1ARTICLE CRITIQUE I.docxhealdkathaleen
Running head: ARTICLE CRITIQUE INSTRUCTIONS 1
ARTICLE CRITIQUE INSTRUCTIONS 6
Article Critique Instructions (30 points possible)
Ryan J. Winter
Florida International University
Purpose of The Article Critique Paper
1). Psychological Purpose
This paper serves several purposes, the first of which is helping you gain insight into research papers in psychology. As this may be your first time reading and writing papers in psychology, one goal of Paper I is to give you insight into what goes into such papers. This article critique paper will help you learn about the various sections of an empirical research report by reading at least one peer-reviewed articles (articles that have a Title Page, Abstract*, Literature Review, Methods Section, Results Section, and References Page—I have already selected some articles for you to critique, so make sure you only critique one in the folder provided on Blackboard). This paper will also give you some insights into how the results sections are written in APA formatted research articles. Pay close attention to those sections, as throughout this course you’ll be writing up some results of your own!
In this relatively short paper, you will read one of five articles posted on blackboard and summarize what the authors did and what they found. The first part of the paper should focus on summarizing the design the authors used for their project. That is, you will identify the independent and dependent variables, talk about how the authors carried out their study, and then summarize the results (you don’t need to fully understand the statistics in the results, but try to get a sense of what the authors did in their analyses). In the second part of the paper, you will critique the article for its methodological strengths and weaknesses. Finally, in part three, you will provide your references for the Article Critique Paper in APA format.
2). APA Formatting Purpose
The second purpose of the Article Critique paper is to teach you proper American Psychological Association (APA) formatting. In the instructions below, I tell you how to format your paper using APA style. There are a lot of very specific requirements in APA papers, so pay attention to the instructions below as well as Chapter 14 in your textbook! I highly recommend using the Paper I Checklist before submitting your paper, as it will help walk you through the picky nuances of APA formatting.
3). Writing Purpose
Finally, this paper is intended to help you grow as a writer. Few psychology classes give you the chance to write papers and receive feedback on your work. This class will! We will give you feedback on this paper in terms of content, spelling, and grammar.
*Most peer-reviewed articles do include an abstract, but the articles you will see on Blackboard lack an Abstract. There is a good reason for this, which you’ll find out about in a later paper!
Article Critique Paper (30 points possible)
Each student is required to write an ar ...
Article is uploaded1). Psychological PurposeThis paper serv.docxssusera34210
Article: is uploaded
1). Psychological Purpose
This paper serves several purposes, the first of which is helping you gain insight into research papers in psychology. As this may be your first time reading and writing papers in psychology, one goal of Paper I is to give you insight into what goes into such papers. This article critique paper will help you learn about the various sections of an empirical research report by reading at least
one
peer-reviewed articles (articles that have a Title Page, Abstract*, Literature Review, Methods Section, Results Section, and References Page—I have already selected some articles for you to critique, so make sure you only critique one in the folder provided on Canvas) This paper will also give you some insights into how the results sections are written in APA formatted research articles. Pay close attention to those sections, as throughout this course you’ll be writing up some results of your own!
In this relatively short paper, you will read one of five articles posted on Canvas and summarize what the authors did and what they found. The first part of the paper should focus on summarizing the design the authors used for their project. That is, you will identify the independent and dependent variables, talk about how the authors carried out their study, and then summarize the results (you don’t need to fully understand the statistics in the results, but try to get a sense of what the authors did in their analyses). In the second part of the paper, you will critique the article for its methodological strengths and weaknesses. Finally, in part three, you will provide your references for the Article Critique Paper in APA format.
2). APA Formatting Purpose
The second purpose of the Article Critique paper is to teach you proper American Psychological Association (APA) formatting. In the instructions below, I tell you how to format your paper using APA style. There are a lot of very specific requirements in APA papers, so pay attention to the instructions below as well as the APA style powerpoint on Canvas. We are using the 7th edition of the APA style manual.
3). Writing Purpose
Finally, this paper is intended to help you grow as a writer. Few psychology classes give you the chance to write papers and receive feedback on your work. This class will! We will give you feedback on this paper in terms of content, spelling, and grammar.
Article Critique Paper (60 points possible)
Each student is required to write an article critique paper based on one of the research articles present on Canvas only those articles listed on Canvas can be critiqued – if you critique a different article, it will not be graded). If you are unclear about any of this information, please ask.
What is an article critique paper?
An article critique is a written communication that conveys your understanding of a research article and how it relates to the conceptual issues of interest to this course.
This article critique .
Running head RESEARCH PROPOSALTitleNameLake.docxtoltonkendal
Running head: RESEARCH PROPOSAL
Title
Name
Lakeland College
address
city, state
telephone
email
Dr. Edward Jedlicka
Master of Arts in Counseling
Date
Research Paper Guidelines
Understanding the process that undergirds principles of research is a primary objective for this course. This project includes a thorough review of literature related the Counseling field. This project should include (1) a title page; (2) an abstract; (3) an introduction to the paper; (4) the review of literature; (5) a methods section; (6) a complete list of references used.
The paper that you will submit should be organized to carefully review research done on a particular topic of your choosing. In the review of literature, you will find it easier and more consistent to use the past tense when describing studies because they have already been completed. Therefore, you should write in the past tense for a scholarly audience, and should use clear and short sentences that generally avoid the use of personal pronouns (e.g., “I”). APA guidelines specify that your manuscript should be double spaced throughout, left justified (with regular “ragged right” margins), and margins should be set to 1 inch on all sides. Please check the Publication Manual of the APA.
Structure of the Paper
Title Page
Title. The title should summarize the main idea of the paper and include the main topic and actual theoretical issue investigated. Good titles are short (< 20 words) and would serve as a type of index of the main issues covered, including the nature of the tasks, participants, or other important variables. Type the title centered, in upper and lower cases, double-spaced.
Running head. Each page of your manuscript has a brief “title” (running head) printed in the upper right hand corner of the manuscript. It should be a maximum of 50 characters, and be followed by the specific page number for that page. A notation as to the specific Running head should be located in all caps, flush left at the top of the title page. For example, on your title page you would show (in the upper left hand corner):
Running head: RESEARCH PROPOSAL - 1
RESEARCH PROPOSAL - 1
Running head: RESEARCH PROPOSAL
On every subsequent page the running head would be right-justified with the page number. [Note: your running head would specify the content of your selected review] For example:
Research Proposal: - 2
Abstract
(This is your section header; centered on the page)
Page two is the Abstract for the paper. It is a brief (150-200 words) comprehensive summary of the research proposal. The Running head and the number 2 are typed in the upper right-hand corner of the page. The word “Abstract” is centered as the first line of type on this page. Type the abstract as a single paragraph in block format (i.e., without paragraph indentation). You may also want to list keywords from your paper in your abstract. To do this, center the text and type Keywords: (it ...
Running head LITERATURE REVIEW INSTRUCTIONS 1PAPER II METHO.docxjeanettehully
Running head: LITERATURE REVIEW INSTRUCTIONS 1
PAPER II: METHODS AND RESULTS INSTRUCTIONS3
Instructions for Paper I: Study One Literature Review Instructions (Worth 25 Points)
Ryan J. Winter
Florida International University
Purpose of Paper I: Study One Literature Review
1). Psychological Purpose
This paper serves several purposes, the first of which is helping you gain insight into research papers in psychology. As this may be your first time reading and writing papers in psychology, one goal of Paper I is to give you insight into what goes into such papers. This study one-lit review will help you a). better understand the psychology topic chosen for the course this semester (Facebook Consensus), b). learn about the various sections of an empirical research report by reading five peer-reviewed articles (that is, articles that have a Title Page, Abstract, Literature Review, Methods Section, Results Section, and References Page), and c). use information gathered from research articles in psychology to help support your hypotheses for your first study this semester (Facebook Consensus). Of course, you’ll be doing a study two literature review later in the semester, so think of this Paper I as the first part of your semester long paper. I recommend looking at the example Paper V, actually, to see what your final paper will look like. It might give you a better idea about how this current paper (as well as Papers II, III, and IV) all fit together into your final paper of the semester.
In this current paper (Paper I), you will read five research articles, summarize what the authors did and what they found, and use those summaries to support your Facebook Consensus study hypothesis. IMPORTANT: Yes you need five references, but keep in mind that you can spend a lot of time (a page or two!) summarizing one of them and a sentence or two summarizing others. Thus spend more time on the more relevant articles!
For this paper, start your paper broadly and then narrow your focus (think about the hourglass example provided in the lecture). My suggestion is to give a brief overview of your paper topic in your opening paragraph, hinting at the research variables you plan to look at for study one. Your next paragraphs will review prior research (those five references required for this paper). Make sure to draw connections between these papers, using smooth transitions between paragraphs. Your final paragraphs should use the research you just summarized to support your research hypothesis. And yes, that means you MUST include your study predictions (which we provided in the researcher instructions and the debriefing statement. Use them!). In other words, this first paper will look like the literature reviews for the five research articles you are summarizing for this assignment. Use the articles you are using as references as examples! See what they did and mimic their style! Here, though, you will end the paper after providing your hypothesi ...
Running head LITERATURE REVIEW INSTRUCTIONS 1PAPER II METHOMalikPinckney86
This document provides instructions for students to write Paper I, which is a literature review on a topic related to social media and consensus. Students are instructed to write a minimum 2.5 page literature review summarizing at least 5 research articles on the topic and supporting their hypothesis for their own planned study. The paper should follow APA formatting guidelines and include title page, literature review section, and references page. Feedback will be provided to help students improve their writing skills. The goal is for students to integrate what they learn into their final paper for the class.
Running head METHODS II PREVIEW ASSIGNMENT INSTRUCTIONS 1MET.docxjeanettehully
Running head: METHODS II PREVIEW ASSIGNMENT INSTRUCTIONS 1
METHODS II PREVIEW ASSIGNMENT 7
Methods II Preview Assignment Instructions (Worth 40 Points)
Emanuele Rizzi
Florida International University
Methods II Preview Assignment Instructions
1). Psychological Purpose
The psychological purpose behind the Methods II Preview Assignment is to give you a brief preview to the paper you will write in Methods II next semester. Not only do I want you to see what will go into your eventual Methods II research paper, but I also want to make sure that you can write a clear, succinct paragraph for a research study that covers all of the relevant information needed to convey the important parts of a study in a single paragraph (i.e. an Abstract).
The Abstract is one of the first items readers see. You need to convey a lot of information in this very short paragraph, as the potential reader will decide whether to read your full paper based on the information in the Abstract. There are several elements needed in the Abstract about research studies, including information about: a) the research question(s), b) the participants, c) the experimental methodology, d) the findings, and e) the conclusions / implications. Being able to write a precise yet succinct Abstract takes some effort, so make sure you go through several drafts before settling on your final version. Make sure to include keywords / key phrases as well (keywords are an essential part of articles, as these are the words or phrases that library databases like PsycInfo provide to searchers interested in specific topics. Well, the authors actually recommended these keywords, so include them for this short Abstract Assignment).
2). APA Formatting Purpose
This Article Critique assignment should once again assess your ability to follow APA formatting guidelines. Use Chapter 14 in your Smith and Davis textbook for help, and look at the instructions on the next page for guidance with formatting
3). Writing Purpose
I want to make sure you can write clearly and specifically, summarizing what might be a 20 page paper in a single paragraph. This assignment serves that purpose.
Methods II Preview Assignment (Worth 20 Points)
You will read a paper written by an actual Research Methods and Design II student from a prior semester. This paper includes two studies the student conducted, with Study One introducing the main variables and Study Two offering an extension with replication of Study One. Your job is to read the whole paper and then answer the following.
You will have a CANVAS quiz to upload your answers
In Part One, Answer the following (1 point for each question, or 9 points total):
1. What is the hypothesis for study one? Please give me both the null and alternative hypotheses when you answer this question
2. What is the independent variable(s) for study one? Make sure you tell me how many IVs there are and how many levels there are for each IV
3. What is the dependent variable(s) ...
Drafting the Lit Review - Helpful TipsHelpful tips regarding theDustiBuckner14
Drafting the Lit Review - Helpful Tips
Helpful tips regarding the Lit Review Paper: Please read through the end carefully!
Just a reminder that the lit review section (Review of the Literature heading) of your paper should be organized by themes (threads) that you have chosen for your paper based on the main ideas found within all of the literature that you reviewed in regards to your research question. They are the main points that you have noticed your sources discussing in relation to your research question. Two themes should be used for this paper (please do not use more than two themes). You must use these as Level 2 headings within your paper, and you can see how this is set up within the Student Sample papers. You should havethree sources (their findings) to review under each theme to provide a thorough review of the literature and to show similarities/differences within the literature you found. Each review of the findings of the source must be in detail and list all of the findings within the article in relation to the research question, not just one or two sentences. Your readers should be able to get a good sense of what the particular sources you've found in your lit searches have written about in relation to your research question, along with making those important connections between the sources so show similarities and differences within the findings.
For example, if I was writing on the nursing shortage and my research question was "What are the factors that contribute to the nursing shortage?" I would then look at my Annotated Bibliography to see what all of my sources said about this particular question. Then I would choose the top two factors (themes) that all authors stated about this research question. Let's say out of all of my sources that I reviewed, the top factors that contribute to the nursing shortage that all authors talked about in answer to my research question was: 1. Faculty Shortage 2. Nurse Burnout/Dissatisfaction. Those two themes would actually become the Level 2 headings underneath the Review of the Literature Section of my paper (see student sample). Then, within each heading, I would review the sources that mentioned something about each particular theme under that heading. I would review their studies (their purpose in only one or two sentences maximum!) and the findings in detail using paraphrases and summaries and some quotations regarding what each author had to say under that particular theme/heading. You should have a mixture of paraphrases, quotes and summary in your paper, with more weight leaning towards paraphrasing as that is preferred by APA. Avoid over-quoting in your paper. Your reader should get a good sense of what the literature out there says about this particular theme and the connections (similarities/differences) between the sources. Do not copy from your Annotated Bibliography, as that is considered self-plagiarism, but you can certainly refer to it to help you wea ...
Running head ARTICLE CRITIQUE INSTRUCTIONS1ARTICLE CRITIQUE I.docxtoddr4
Running head: ARTICLE CRITIQUE INSTRUCTIONS 1
ARTICLE CRITIQUE INSTRUCTIONS 2
Article Critique Instructions (60 points possible)
Ryan J. Winter
Florida International University
Purpose of The Article Critique Paper
1). Psychological Purpose
This paper serves several purposes, the first of which is helping you gain insight into research papers in psychology. As this may be your first time reading and writing papers in psychology, one goal of Paper I is to give you insight into what goes into such papers. This article critique paper will help you learn about the various sections of an empirical research report by reading at least one peer-reviewed articles (articles that have a Title Page, Abstract*, Literature Review, Methods Section, Results Section, and References Page—I have already selected some articles for you to critique, so make sure you only critique one in the folder provided on Canvas) This paper will also give you some insights into how the results sections are written in APA formatted research articles. Pay close attention to those sections, as throughout this course you’ll be writing up some results of your own!
In this relatively short paper, you will read one of five articles posted on Canvas and summarize what the authors did and what they found. The first part of the paper should focus on summarizing the design the authors used for their project. That is, you will identify the independent and dependent variables, talk about how the authors carried out their study, and then summarize the results (you don’t need to fully understand the statistics in the results, but try to get a sense of what the authors did in their analyses). In the second part of the paper, you will critique the article for its methodological strengths and weaknesses. Finally, in part three, you will provide your references for the Article Critique Paper in APA format.
2). APA Formatting Purpose
The second purpose of the Article Critique paper is to teach you proper American Psychological Association (APA) formatting. In the instructions below, I tell you how to format your paper using APA style. There are a lot of very specific requirements in APA papers, so pay attention to the instructions below as well as Chapter 14 in your textbook! I highly recommend using the Paper I Checklist before submitting your paper, as it will help walk you through the picky nuances of APA formatting.
3). Writing Purpose
Finally, this paper is intended to help you grow as a writer. Few psychology classes give you the chance to write papers and receive feedback on your work. This class will! We will give you feedback on this paper in terms of content, spelling, and grammar.
Article Critique Paper (60 points possible)
Each student is required to write an article critique paper based on one of the research articles present on Canvas only those articles listed on Canvas can be critiqued – if you critique a different article, it will not be graded). If you ar.
Running head ARTICLE CRITIQUE INSTRUCTIONS1ARTICLE CRITIQUE I.docxhealdkathaleen
Running head: ARTICLE CRITIQUE INSTRUCTIONS 1
ARTICLE CRITIQUE INSTRUCTIONS 6
Article Critique Instructions (30 points possible)
Ryan J. Winter
Florida International University
Purpose of The Article Critique Paper
1). Psychological Purpose
This paper serves several purposes, the first of which is helping you gain insight into research papers in psychology. As this may be your first time reading and writing papers in psychology, one goal of Paper I is to give you insight into what goes into such papers. This article critique paper will help you learn about the various sections of an empirical research report by reading at least one peer-reviewed articles (articles that have a Title Page, Abstract*, Literature Review, Methods Section, Results Section, and References Page—I have already selected some articles for you to critique, so make sure you only critique one in the folder provided on Blackboard). This paper will also give you some insights into how the results sections are written in APA formatted research articles. Pay close attention to those sections, as throughout this course you’ll be writing up some results of your own!
In this relatively short paper, you will read one of five articles posted on blackboard and summarize what the authors did and what they found. The first part of the paper should focus on summarizing the design the authors used for their project. That is, you will identify the independent and dependent variables, talk about how the authors carried out their study, and then summarize the results (you don’t need to fully understand the statistics in the results, but try to get a sense of what the authors did in their analyses). In the second part of the paper, you will critique the article for its methodological strengths and weaknesses. Finally, in part three, you will provide your references for the Article Critique Paper in APA format.
2). APA Formatting Purpose
The second purpose of the Article Critique paper is to teach you proper American Psychological Association (APA) formatting. In the instructions below, I tell you how to format your paper using APA style. There are a lot of very specific requirements in APA papers, so pay attention to the instructions below as well as Chapter 14 in your textbook! I highly recommend using the Paper I Checklist before submitting your paper, as it will help walk you through the picky nuances of APA formatting.
3). Writing Purpose
Finally, this paper is intended to help you grow as a writer. Few psychology classes give you the chance to write papers and receive feedback on your work. This class will! We will give you feedback on this paper in terms of content, spelling, and grammar.
*Most peer-reviewed articles do include an abstract, but the articles you will see on Blackboard lack an Abstract. There is a good reason for this, which you’ll find out about in a later paper!
Article Critique Paper (30 points possible)
Each student is required to write an ar ...
Article is uploaded1). Psychological PurposeThis paper serv.docxssusera34210
Article: is uploaded
1). Psychological Purpose
This paper serves several purposes, the first of which is helping you gain insight into research papers in psychology. As this may be your first time reading and writing papers in psychology, one goal of Paper I is to give you insight into what goes into such papers. This article critique paper will help you learn about the various sections of an empirical research report by reading at least
one
peer-reviewed articles (articles that have a Title Page, Abstract*, Literature Review, Methods Section, Results Section, and References Page—I have already selected some articles for you to critique, so make sure you only critique one in the folder provided on Canvas) This paper will also give you some insights into how the results sections are written in APA formatted research articles. Pay close attention to those sections, as throughout this course you’ll be writing up some results of your own!
In this relatively short paper, you will read one of five articles posted on Canvas and summarize what the authors did and what they found. The first part of the paper should focus on summarizing the design the authors used for their project. That is, you will identify the independent and dependent variables, talk about how the authors carried out their study, and then summarize the results (you don’t need to fully understand the statistics in the results, but try to get a sense of what the authors did in their analyses). In the second part of the paper, you will critique the article for its methodological strengths and weaknesses. Finally, in part three, you will provide your references for the Article Critique Paper in APA format.
2). APA Formatting Purpose
The second purpose of the Article Critique paper is to teach you proper American Psychological Association (APA) formatting. In the instructions below, I tell you how to format your paper using APA style. There are a lot of very specific requirements in APA papers, so pay attention to the instructions below as well as the APA style powerpoint on Canvas. We are using the 7th edition of the APA style manual.
3). Writing Purpose
Finally, this paper is intended to help you grow as a writer. Few psychology classes give you the chance to write papers and receive feedback on your work. This class will! We will give you feedback on this paper in terms of content, spelling, and grammar.
Article Critique Paper (60 points possible)
Each student is required to write an article critique paper based on one of the research articles present on Canvas only those articles listed on Canvas can be critiqued – if you critique a different article, it will not be graded). If you are unclear about any of this information, please ask.
What is an article critique paper?
An article critique is a written communication that conveys your understanding of a research article and how it relates to the conceptual issues of interest to this course.
This article critique .
Running head RESEARCH PROPOSALTitleNameLake.docxtoltonkendal
Running head: RESEARCH PROPOSAL
Title
Name
Lakeland College
address
city, state
telephone
email
Dr. Edward Jedlicka
Master of Arts in Counseling
Date
Research Paper Guidelines
Understanding the process that undergirds principles of research is a primary objective for this course. This project includes a thorough review of literature related the Counseling field. This project should include (1) a title page; (2) an abstract; (3) an introduction to the paper; (4) the review of literature; (5) a methods section; (6) a complete list of references used.
The paper that you will submit should be organized to carefully review research done on a particular topic of your choosing. In the review of literature, you will find it easier and more consistent to use the past tense when describing studies because they have already been completed. Therefore, you should write in the past tense for a scholarly audience, and should use clear and short sentences that generally avoid the use of personal pronouns (e.g., “I”). APA guidelines specify that your manuscript should be double spaced throughout, left justified (with regular “ragged right” margins), and margins should be set to 1 inch on all sides. Please check the Publication Manual of the APA.
Structure of the Paper
Title Page
Title. The title should summarize the main idea of the paper and include the main topic and actual theoretical issue investigated. Good titles are short (< 20 words) and would serve as a type of index of the main issues covered, including the nature of the tasks, participants, or other important variables. Type the title centered, in upper and lower cases, double-spaced.
Running head. Each page of your manuscript has a brief “title” (running head) printed in the upper right hand corner of the manuscript. It should be a maximum of 50 characters, and be followed by the specific page number for that page. A notation as to the specific Running head should be located in all caps, flush left at the top of the title page. For example, on your title page you would show (in the upper left hand corner):
Running head: RESEARCH PROPOSAL - 1
RESEARCH PROPOSAL - 1
Running head: RESEARCH PROPOSAL
On every subsequent page the running head would be right-justified with the page number. [Note: your running head would specify the content of your selected review] For example:
Research Proposal: - 2
Abstract
(This is your section header; centered on the page)
Page two is the Abstract for the paper. It is a brief (150-200 words) comprehensive summary of the research proposal. The Running head and the number 2 are typed in the upper right-hand corner of the page. The word “Abstract” is centered as the first line of type on this page. Type the abstract as a single paragraph in block format (i.e., without paragraph indentation). You may also want to list keywords from your paper in your abstract. To do this, center the text and type Keywords: (it ...
Running head LITERATURE REVIEW INSTRUCTIONS 1PAPER II METHO.docxjeanettehully
Running head: LITERATURE REVIEW INSTRUCTIONS 1
PAPER II: METHODS AND RESULTS INSTRUCTIONS3
Instructions for Paper I: Study One Literature Review Instructions (Worth 25 Points)
Ryan J. Winter
Florida International University
Purpose of Paper I: Study One Literature Review
1). Psychological Purpose
This paper serves several purposes, the first of which is helping you gain insight into research papers in psychology. As this may be your first time reading and writing papers in psychology, one goal of Paper I is to give you insight into what goes into such papers. This study one-lit review will help you a). better understand the psychology topic chosen for the course this semester (Facebook Consensus), b). learn about the various sections of an empirical research report by reading five peer-reviewed articles (that is, articles that have a Title Page, Abstract, Literature Review, Methods Section, Results Section, and References Page), and c). use information gathered from research articles in psychology to help support your hypotheses for your first study this semester (Facebook Consensus). Of course, you’ll be doing a study two literature review later in the semester, so think of this Paper I as the first part of your semester long paper. I recommend looking at the example Paper V, actually, to see what your final paper will look like. It might give you a better idea about how this current paper (as well as Papers II, III, and IV) all fit together into your final paper of the semester.
In this current paper (Paper I), you will read five research articles, summarize what the authors did and what they found, and use those summaries to support your Facebook Consensus study hypothesis. IMPORTANT: Yes you need five references, but keep in mind that you can spend a lot of time (a page or two!) summarizing one of them and a sentence or two summarizing others. Thus spend more time on the more relevant articles!
For this paper, start your paper broadly and then narrow your focus (think about the hourglass example provided in the lecture). My suggestion is to give a brief overview of your paper topic in your opening paragraph, hinting at the research variables you plan to look at for study one. Your next paragraphs will review prior research (those five references required for this paper). Make sure to draw connections between these papers, using smooth transitions between paragraphs. Your final paragraphs should use the research you just summarized to support your research hypothesis. And yes, that means you MUST include your study predictions (which we provided in the researcher instructions and the debriefing statement. Use them!). In other words, this first paper will look like the literature reviews for the five research articles you are summarizing for this assignment. Use the articles you are using as references as examples! See what they did and mimic their style! Here, though, you will end the paper after providing your hypothesi ...
Running head LITERATURE REVIEW INSTRUCTIONS 1PAPER II METHOMalikPinckney86
This document provides instructions for students to write Paper I, which is a literature review on a topic related to social media and consensus. Students are instructed to write a minimum 2.5 page literature review summarizing at least 5 research articles on the topic and supporting their hypothesis for their own planned study. The paper should follow APA formatting guidelines and include title page, literature review section, and references page. Feedback will be provided to help students improve their writing skills. The goal is for students to integrate what they learn into their final paper for the class.
Running head METHODS II PREVIEW ASSIGNMENT INSTRUCTIONS 1MET.docxjeanettehully
Running head: METHODS II PREVIEW ASSIGNMENT INSTRUCTIONS 1
METHODS II PREVIEW ASSIGNMENT 7
Methods II Preview Assignment Instructions (Worth 40 Points)
Emanuele Rizzi
Florida International University
Methods II Preview Assignment Instructions
1). Psychological Purpose
The psychological purpose behind the Methods II Preview Assignment is to give you a brief preview to the paper you will write in Methods II next semester. Not only do I want you to see what will go into your eventual Methods II research paper, but I also want to make sure that you can write a clear, succinct paragraph for a research study that covers all of the relevant information needed to convey the important parts of a study in a single paragraph (i.e. an Abstract).
The Abstract is one of the first items readers see. You need to convey a lot of information in this very short paragraph, as the potential reader will decide whether to read your full paper based on the information in the Abstract. There are several elements needed in the Abstract about research studies, including information about: a) the research question(s), b) the participants, c) the experimental methodology, d) the findings, and e) the conclusions / implications. Being able to write a precise yet succinct Abstract takes some effort, so make sure you go through several drafts before settling on your final version. Make sure to include keywords / key phrases as well (keywords are an essential part of articles, as these are the words or phrases that library databases like PsycInfo provide to searchers interested in specific topics. Well, the authors actually recommended these keywords, so include them for this short Abstract Assignment).
2). APA Formatting Purpose
This Article Critique assignment should once again assess your ability to follow APA formatting guidelines. Use Chapter 14 in your Smith and Davis textbook for help, and look at the instructions on the next page for guidance with formatting
3). Writing Purpose
I want to make sure you can write clearly and specifically, summarizing what might be a 20 page paper in a single paragraph. This assignment serves that purpose.
Methods II Preview Assignment (Worth 20 Points)
You will read a paper written by an actual Research Methods and Design II student from a prior semester. This paper includes two studies the student conducted, with Study One introducing the main variables and Study Two offering an extension with replication of Study One. Your job is to read the whole paper and then answer the following.
You will have a CANVAS quiz to upload your answers
In Part One, Answer the following (1 point for each question, or 9 points total):
1. What is the hypothesis for study one? Please give me both the null and alternative hypotheses when you answer this question
2. What is the independent variable(s) for study one? Make sure you tell me how many IVs there are and how many levels there are for each IV
3. What is the dependent variable(s) ...
Drafting the Lit Review - Helpful TipsHelpful tips regarding theDustiBuckner14
Drafting the Lit Review - Helpful Tips
Helpful tips regarding the Lit Review Paper: Please read through the end carefully!
Just a reminder that the lit review section (Review of the Literature heading) of your paper should be organized by themes (threads) that you have chosen for your paper based on the main ideas found within all of the literature that you reviewed in regards to your research question. They are the main points that you have noticed your sources discussing in relation to your research question. Two themes should be used for this paper (please do not use more than two themes). You must use these as Level 2 headings within your paper, and you can see how this is set up within the Student Sample papers. You should havethree sources (their findings) to review under each theme to provide a thorough review of the literature and to show similarities/differences within the literature you found. Each review of the findings of the source must be in detail and list all of the findings within the article in relation to the research question, not just one or two sentences. Your readers should be able to get a good sense of what the particular sources you've found in your lit searches have written about in relation to your research question, along with making those important connections between the sources so show similarities and differences within the findings.
For example, if I was writing on the nursing shortage and my research question was "What are the factors that contribute to the nursing shortage?" I would then look at my Annotated Bibliography to see what all of my sources said about this particular question. Then I would choose the top two factors (themes) that all authors stated about this research question. Let's say out of all of my sources that I reviewed, the top factors that contribute to the nursing shortage that all authors talked about in answer to my research question was: 1. Faculty Shortage 2. Nurse Burnout/Dissatisfaction. Those two themes would actually become the Level 2 headings underneath the Review of the Literature Section of my paper (see student sample). Then, within each heading, I would review the sources that mentioned something about each particular theme under that heading. I would review their studies (their purpose in only one or two sentences maximum!) and the findings in detail using paraphrases and summaries and some quotations regarding what each author had to say under that particular theme/heading. You should have a mixture of paraphrases, quotes and summary in your paper, with more weight leaning towards paraphrasing as that is preferred by APA. Avoid over-quoting in your paper. Your reader should get a good sense of what the literature out there says about this particular theme and the connections (similarities/differences) between the sources. Do not copy from your Annotated Bibliography, as that is considered self-plagiarism, but you can certainly refer to it to help you wea ...
The document provides an overview of the APA style format for research papers. It discusses the key sections including the title page, abstract, introduction, method, results, discussion, and references. Each section is described in detail outlining the formatting and content requirements. Examples are provided for how to structure tables, write in-text citations, and reference list entries according to APA style guidelines. The document serves as a guide for writing research papers in APA format.
BA634 Current & Emerging Technology Research Paper 1 .docxjasoninnes20
BA634 Current & Emerging Technology
Research Paper
1
Understanding Evolving Technologies
As we all know technology is evolving at a rate that, to some, seems
overwhelming. These technologies often evolve to offer higher quality products and
services at lower prices causing a disruption in markets that is sometimes perceived as
unwelcome. These disruptive technologies are sometimes the results of innovative
business models that are also part of the evolving processes of a competitive
marketplace.
This is an individual research paper required from BA634 students.
As a Research Project, select one of the following research areas:
Cloud Computing (Intranet, Extranet, and Internet)
Machine Learning
Artificial Intelligence
Internet of Things (IoT)
Robotics
Medical Technology
1) Your research paper needs to be between 12-15 pages.
2) It needs be submitted as a WORD document.
3) The research paper must only include materials from peer reviewed
journals and peer reviewed conference proceedings. APA formatted
citations are therefore required for the final submission. Newspapers,
websites (URLs), magazines, technical journals, hearsay, personal
opinions, and white papers are NOT acceptable citations.
4) Each submission will be checked for plagiarism. All plagiarized
documents will results in a grade of zero for the exercise.
5) If there is extensive synonym use or not understandable, long
sentences, the document will results in a grade of zero for the
exercise.
6) The final research paper must include your through analysis and synthesis
of the peer reviewed literature used in your research paper.
7) There will be a limit of 3 images, tables, figures are to be included in the
BA634 Current & Emerging Technology
Research Paper
2
appendices and DO NOT count for page limit requirements.
8) Long quotations (i.e. paragraphs) are NOT permitted. Only one quoted
sentence is permitted per page.
9) Footnotes are NOT permitted.
Document Details
Chapter 1 Introduction
Background/Introduction
In this section, present enough information about the proposed work such that the reader
understands the general context or setting. It is also helpful to include a summary of how the rest
of this document is organized.
Problem Statement
In this section, present a concise statement of a research-worthy problem addressed (i.e., why the
work should be undertaken – don’t say required for the class). Follow the statement of the
problem with a well-supported discussion of its scope and nature. The discussion of the problem
should include: what the problem is, why it is a problem, how the problem evolved or developed,
and the issues and events leading to the problem.
Goal
Next, include a concise definition of the goal of the work (i.e., what the work will accomplish).
Aim to define a goal that is measurable.
Research Questions
Research que ...
This document summarizes the key elements and structure of a research proposal and report. It discusses the typical chapters, including an introduction outlining the problem statement and objectives, a literature review, methodology, analysis and interpretation, and conclusions. The summary provides guidelines on formatting, style, references, and outlines the typical sections within each chapter. Research proposals and reports generally follow the same standardized format.
The document provides instructions for writing an APA-style research report, covering sections such as the abstract, introduction, method, results, and discussion. It describes the key elements that should be included in each section, such as stating the research question in the abstract, justifying hypotheses with past research in the introduction, and explaining the implications of the results in the discussion section. Guidelines are provided for formatting references according to APA style.
Psyc 100 Term Assignments Rationale ► Psychology.docxamrit47
Psyc 100 Term
Assignments
Rationale
► Psychology relies on a variety of research methods in order to come to
a better understanding of behaviour and other phenomena. Most
research methods can be classified either as experiments or as non-
experimental designs and it is important for students of psychology to
be able to clearly differentiate which type of a design is being used in
any specific study. As such, one goal of the term assignments is for
you to be able to find different studies relating to a specific topic and
identify which type of research method the study uses to address the
questions of interest.
► In addition, reading and interpreting published research are important
skills that all scientists must develop. The term assignments for this
course will allow you to demonstrate that you can read, summarize
and interpret research literature related to one specific topic within the
scope covered in Psychology 100.
Overview
►two components
Assignment #1 – Article Selection
►worth 3%
►due start of class Tuesday Feb. 21st
Assignment #2 – Article Summaries
►worth 7%
►due start of class Thursday March 22nd
Assignment #1 – Rationale
►an essential early step in any empirical
investigation involves a review of the
published literature relevant to the specific
topic under investigation
►this assignment will familiarize you with
locating “good” research articles as well as
introducing you to some aspects of a
standard format – namely, APA format
►on WebCT you have been assigned a
general topic
you need to find a more specific research issue
related to that topic
also have date and author restrictions
►An efficient way of finding published
research that relates to your topic is to
conduct a literature search using PsycINFO
Using PsycINFO
Introduction
For your assignment you will need to find articles
published in scholarly/academic journal. Luckily
you don’t need to skim through hundreds of
journals looking for a good article. You don’t
need to look through hundreds of Google results
either.
This tutorial will introduce you to PsycINFO, an
online psychology index which is like a very
specialized version of Google. PsycINFO will
find citations for articles on your topic, and will
even lead you to the actual articles.
Research Topic
Let’s assume you’re interested in
investigating further the phenomenon of
bystander intervention that Darley and
Latane first examined in the 1960’s
so you’re interested in articles referenced
in PsycINFO that have bystander
intervention as a subject
Connecting to PsycINFO
PsycINFO is the specialized index or
search engine which psychologists and
psychology students use to find journal
articles.
To link to PsycINFO, open up a web
browser (Internet Explorer or Firefox) in a
new window and go to http://www.sfu.ca
http://www.sfu.ca/
Connecting to ...
BA634 Current & Emerging Technology Research Paper 1 .docxwilcockiris
BA634 Current & Emerging Technology
Research Paper
1
Understanding Evolving Technologies
As we all know technology is evolving at a rate that, to some, seems
overwhelming. These technologies often evolve to offer higher quality products and
services at lower prices causing a disruption in markets that is sometimes perceived as
unwelcome. These disruptive technologies are sometimes the results of innovative
business models that are also part of the evolving processes of a competitive
marketplace.
This is an individual research paper required from BA634 students.
As a Research Project, select one of the following research areas:
Cloud Computing (Intranet, Extranet, and Internet)
Machine Learning
Artificial Intelligence
Internet of Things (IoT)
Robotics
Medical Technology
1) Your research paper needs to be between 12-15 pages.
2) It needs be submitted as a WORD document.
3) The research paper must only include materials from peer reviewed
journals and peer reviewed conference proceedings. APA formatted
citations are therefore required for the final submission. Newspapers,
websites (URLs), magazines, technical journals, hearsay, personal
opinions, and white papers are NOT acceptable citations.
4) Each submission will be checked for plagiarism. All plagiarized
documents will results in a grade of zero for the exercise.
5) If there is extensive synonym use or not understandable, long
sentences, the document will results in a grade of zero for the
exercise.
6) The final research paper must include your through analysis and synthesis
of the peer reviewed literature used in your research paper.
7) There will be a limit of 3 images, tables, figures are to be included in the
BA634 Current & Emerging Technology
Research Paper
2
appendices and DO NOT count for page limit requirements.
8) Long quotations (i.e. paragraphs) are NOT permitted. Only one quoted
sentence is permitted per page.
9) Footnotes are NOT permitted.
Document Details
Chapter 1 Introduction
Background/Introduction
In this section, present enough information about the proposed work such that the reader
understands the general context or setting. It is also helpful to include a summary of how the rest
of this document is organized.
Problem Statement
In this section, present a concise statement of a research-worthy problem addressed (i.e., why the
work should be undertaken – don’t say required for the class). Follow the statement of the
problem with a well-supported discussion of its scope and nature. The discussion of the problem
should include: what the problem is, why it is a problem, how the problem evolved or developed,
and the issues and events leading to the problem.
Goal
Next, include a concise definition of the goal of the work (i.e., what the work will accomplish).
Aim to define a goal that is measurable.
Research Questions
Research que.
This document provides guidance for a 6-hour session on practical research for participants. The objectives are for participants to: 1) Analyze components of a curriculum guide, 2) Determine appropriate pedagogy for learning competencies, and 3) Prepare proper assessment activities. The session includes group activities to analyze curriculum guides and determine pedagogy and assessments. It also provides content on reviewing literature, including selecting relevant literature, citing sources, synthesizing information, and writing a coherent review while following ethical standards.
This document provides guidance for a 6-hour session on practical research for participants. The objectives are for participants to: 1) Analyze components of a curriculum guide, 2) Determine appropriate pedagogy for learning competencies, and 3) Prepare proper assessment activities. The session includes group activities to analyze curriculum guides and determine pedagogy and assessments. It also provides content on reviewing literature, including selecting relevant literature, citing sources, synthesizing information, and writing a coherent review while following ethical standards.
1. Explain James Q. Wilsons three types of policing. 2. What.docxcarlstromcurtis
1. Explain James Q. Wilson's three types of policing.
2. What are the four citizen expectations, as proposed by John C. Meyer?
3. Discuss four reasons the public calls the police in situations not involving a crime.
NOTE: Each answer should be at least 75 words in length, total needed 150 for both.
.
1. What is the underlying problem in this case from CEO Brian Niccol.docxcarlstromcurtis
1. What is the underlying problem in this case from CEO Brian Niccol’s perspective? (2marks)
2. What type of change Niccol need to inspire- reactive or proactive? Explain
3. Using Fig 10.1 on page 380, describe what forces for change exist both inside and outside Chipotle.)4. Utilize Lewin’s change model (Fig 10.2 on page 384) as a blueprint and describe how Niccol can inspire change at Chipotle?
.
1. List and discuss the heat sources identified by the NFPA as being.docxcarlstromcurtis
1. List and discuss the heat sources identified by the NFPA as being the primary causes of ignition for residential fires.
2. Define stratification, and explain how this phenomenon is predicted. How can stratification be defeated? How are fires detected where stratification is predicted to occur?
#1
This week I have chosen to discuss common heat sources identified by the NFPA in being common causes of ignition in home fires. The NFPA published the
Home Structure Fires
report in October of 2019 that outlines these fires and supports the conclusions with data from 2018. The following heat sources were listed as common denominators in home structure fires:
Cooking
Heating
Electrical distribution and lighting
Intentional
Smoking materials
Home fires are responsible for seventy-nine percent of fire fatalities and seventy-three percent of fire injuries (Ahrens, 2019). These ignition sources have proven to be the most prevalent forms of starting these types of fires. In addition, it was reported that most fire fatalities were males over the age of 55 (Ahrens, 2019). These fires are generally occurring in the colder months between November and March during the hours of 5 PM to 8 PM when, “… many people are coming home from work, are preparing dinner, or are engaging in other household activities” (Ahrens, 2019).
These ignition sources are common in many households. Cooking fires can vary greatly from stove tops, ovens, grease, toasters, empty coffee pots on heaters, tea pots, etc. Smoking materials, however, are isolated to pipes, cigarettes, and their associated equipment (lighters, matches, etc.). Heating sources, just like cooking fires, have several different ignition source types to include furnaces, stoves (pellet, gas, oil, etc.), chimney ignition, etc. Electrical distribution and lighting malfunctions or surges caused roughly 7 percent of home structure fires and accounted for ten percent of residential deaths (Ahrens, 2019). Lastly, intentionally set residential fires accounted huge amounts of property loss and resulted in 380 fatalities, sixty four percent were linked to suicide (Ahrens, 2019).
It is critical that during home fire safety visits and non-emergent medical calls that fire departments take the time to address these matters with their citizens. Most fire deaths occurred while victims were asleep, are physically disabled (mostly geriatric), or impaired by alcohol or drugs (Ahrens, 2019). These fires are preventable and should be addressed in the public setting when appropriate.
#2
This week is closer to what I deal with on the front lines. My departments district is 95 % residential. By the NF PA the leading reasons for home fires are Cooking, Heating, electrical distribution and lighting, Intentional and Smoking Materials.
Cooking - We see thing a lot in my area. people are cooking and forget about it. when they have the Oh Crap moment is when the smoke is rolling in to a second room. We once had someone .
1. What is kinesics2. What is the difference between using time.docxcarlstromcurtis
1. What is kinesics?
2. What is the difference between using time monochronically and polychronically?
3. How does culture influence how nonverbal communication is interpreted?
4. List four (4) ways to improve cross-cultural nonverbal communication.
YouTube URL:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NGVSIkEi3mM
Based on the video which of the four categories of space does Elaine's boyfriend violate? As a viewer we find this "close talker" situation funny, however what would happen if this incident occurred in real life? What factors make nonverbal communication difficult to interpret?
.
1. List two (2) gender related listening differences that have been .docxcarlstromcurtis
1. List two (2) gender related listening differences that have been documented by researchers.
2. List three (3) barriers that reduce our ability to listen.
3. What are soundscapes in terms of listening?
4. What are two (2) ways of improving our listening skills?
5. The television interviewer and personality, Larry King, once said about listening: "I remind myself every morning: Nothing I say this day will teach me anything. So, if I'm going to learn, I must do it by listening." Briefly discuss your opinion on his statement.
.
1. In some places, technology has reached the point where a tria.docxcarlstromcurtis
1. In some places, technology has reached the point where a trial could be conducted by a teleconference. The defendant could be left at the local jail and could watch the entire trial on a monitor. The state would not be forced to transport him back and forth every day and would save considerable money in transport and security costs. Is this a good idea? Is this idea Constitutional? Why or why not?
2. In civil trials, the witnesses are usually deposed before trial. Attorneys for both sides are present at the deposition and ask all the questions that they wish. Wouldn’t this be a good idea for criminal trials as well? Witnesses could simply testify through their written depositions or even by videotaped depositions and not be forced to appear at trial. Are there any problems with this scenario?
3. Defendants with the financial resources can hire private investigators and others to help investigate the jury and witnesses. Poorer defendants do not have that option. Does this contribute to lopsided justice where the rich get better justice than the poor?
.
1. Describe Digital Literacy (how to know what is real on the web). .docxcarlstromcurtis
1. Describe Digital Literacy (how to know what is real on the web).
2.
None of these people exist
. What does this mean to you?
3. Why is Wikipedia more reliable than a paper encyclopedia?
4. How useful are crowd sources answers?
5. What are some drawbacks to crowd sourced answers?
6. Do people generally utilize the diversity of sources on the Internet effectively?
7. How reliant are we and how reliant should we be on getting our news from social media?
8. How do humans remain vigilant when we turn over authority to computers? Have you tried to navigate without gps?
9. If models are simplifications or reality, why do we rely on them?
10. Why was this
mode
l, used by Amazon for hiring, wrong?
11. Why did Skynet declare war on the human race?
.
1. Define the following terms poster session, conference proce.docxcarlstromcurtis
1. Define the following terms: poster session, conference proceedings, manuscript, paper, and journal article.
2. State what can be gained by presenting at a conference or by participating in a poster session.
3. List some qualities of good presentations at conferences
4. When would a researcher use IMRAD? What does IMRAD stand for?
5. Who reviews the rigor of the submissions to research journals?
6. Explain the parts of a manuscript.
7. What is publication bias?
8. Differentiate explicit and implicit rules for journals.
.
1. What is disparate-impact discrimination under Title VII an.docxcarlstromcurtis
1. What is "disparate-impact" discrimination under Title VII and how does it differ from "disparate-treatment" discrimination?
2. Do you believe that an employer that refuses to hire felons - regardless of the nature of the felony, the nature of the job, or the length of time that has passed since the conviction - should be subject to liability for disparate-impact discrimination? What defenses might an employer use to defend itself against a lawsuit challenging the legality of its policy against hiring felons?
.
1. What are your 5 favorite apps and why. Be specific and det.docxcarlstromcurtis
1. What are your 5 favorite apps and why. Be specific and detailed...how often do you use them and what do they do?
As and example, for me I would have to have:
A. Google Maps (I use it to find places, connect to their locations and phone numbers and web sites...it also links to Yelp which I also use).
B. Facebook....including marketplace and several Facebook groups for social, information and communication.
C. Amazon Prime
D. Apple Music
E. Life 360 - helps keep up with my wife and kids
Also useful are: The Score, The Weather Channel, Ebay, Chick-Fil-A, Dictionary, Holy Bible, YouTube, my banking apps (probably most used of all), Compass and Picture This (take a picture of the leaf of a plant and it identifies it).
2. What was your average daily time on your phone this week and last week.
3. What is your primary source of communication on a daily basis: phone call, text, email, social media (which one)?
Count how many of each over 1 week: phone calls, texts, emails, social media...not exactly but close.
(Just for reference, I don't delete my emails but I have 94,522 emails on my phone...including ads and junk).
4. How often do you check your email? How often do you check your MyLeo email?
5. At the bottom of page 427 there are survey results for what people would give up rather than give up than going without their smartphones. Which ones would you be willing to give up rather than give up your smartphone?
.
1. What does it mean to pierce the corporate veil Use your .docxcarlstromcurtis
1. What does it mean to "pierce the corporate veil"? Use your own words to describe it.
2. Describe two potentially negative consequences - to society at large - from the rule allowing a court to pierce the corporate veil under certain circumstances.
3. Describe two potentially positive consequences - to society at large - from the rule allowing a court to pierce the corporate veil under certain circumstances.
.
1. What are your personal experiences of the educational system D.docxcarlstromcurtis
This document asks the reader to summarize their personal experiences with the educational system and whether they see education as equalizing or perpetuating the status quo, citing an example from the article "Savage Inequalities: Children in U.S. Schools" by Jonathan Kozol to support their perspective. It also asks the reader to define and apply the Sociological Imagination to their analysis by examining how the history of society is linked to their own biography.
1. The reading discusses the efforts to revitalize city areas t.docxcarlstromcurtis
1. The reading discusses the efforts to revitalize city areas that have historically been less affluent, the process of gentrification. What are the potential effects of gentrification on the economy and current residents of the neighborhood? NIMBY (Not In My Back Yard) protests occur when concerned citizens band together to speak up against something that will impact them negatively. Who is more likely to be involved in NIMBY protests and where do they occur? Give an example of a NIMBY protest and whether you support it or not. In your post, also share a recent news piece (within the last 3 months) related to a NIMBY protest or gentrification. Provide a link to the story (a citation is not required).
2. Consider what you have learned about collective behavior, social movements, and social change this week. How is the global expansion of social media likely to affect how people pursue social change? How has it done so already? Use specific examples from the media (including a link to information about a recent social movement) as you analyze social movements, social change, technology, and the media. A full citation is not required for the link.
The Week 8 Forum meets the following course objectives:
Apply a sociological perspective to the social world.
Analyze contemporary social issues using the sociological imagination and use sociological theories and concepts to analyze everyday life.
Explain collective behavior, social movements, and social change.
.
1. Respond to the Question Is auscultation of bowel sounds us.docxcarlstromcurtis
The document is a personal narrative describing the author's childhood experiences growing up in poverty in a St. Louis ghetto. Key events include witnessing an attack on her brother by an intruder, fleeing with her family to her grandparents' home, and later being separated from her siblings and placed in foster care. The author reflects on how moving to wealthier areas shaped her understanding of poverty, and how education became a means of transcending poverty. Though challenging aspects are acknowledged, the narrative overall portrays the ghetto in a positive light as a place that cultivated resilience and community.
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The document provides an overview of the APA style format for research papers. It discusses the key sections including the title page, abstract, introduction, method, results, discussion, and references. Each section is described in detail outlining the formatting and content requirements. Examples are provided for how to structure tables, write in-text citations, and reference list entries according to APA style guidelines. The document serves as a guide for writing research papers in APA format.
BA634 Current & Emerging Technology Research Paper 1 .docxjasoninnes20
BA634 Current & Emerging Technology
Research Paper
1
Understanding Evolving Technologies
As we all know technology is evolving at a rate that, to some, seems
overwhelming. These technologies often evolve to offer higher quality products and
services at lower prices causing a disruption in markets that is sometimes perceived as
unwelcome. These disruptive technologies are sometimes the results of innovative
business models that are also part of the evolving processes of a competitive
marketplace.
This is an individual research paper required from BA634 students.
As a Research Project, select one of the following research areas:
Cloud Computing (Intranet, Extranet, and Internet)
Machine Learning
Artificial Intelligence
Internet of Things (IoT)
Robotics
Medical Technology
1) Your research paper needs to be between 12-15 pages.
2) It needs be submitted as a WORD document.
3) The research paper must only include materials from peer reviewed
journals and peer reviewed conference proceedings. APA formatted
citations are therefore required for the final submission. Newspapers,
websites (URLs), magazines, technical journals, hearsay, personal
opinions, and white papers are NOT acceptable citations.
4) Each submission will be checked for plagiarism. All plagiarized
documents will results in a grade of zero for the exercise.
5) If there is extensive synonym use or not understandable, long
sentences, the document will results in a grade of zero for the
exercise.
6) The final research paper must include your through analysis and synthesis
of the peer reviewed literature used in your research paper.
7) There will be a limit of 3 images, tables, figures are to be included in the
BA634 Current & Emerging Technology
Research Paper
2
appendices and DO NOT count for page limit requirements.
8) Long quotations (i.e. paragraphs) are NOT permitted. Only one quoted
sentence is permitted per page.
9) Footnotes are NOT permitted.
Document Details
Chapter 1 Introduction
Background/Introduction
In this section, present enough information about the proposed work such that the reader
understands the general context or setting. It is also helpful to include a summary of how the rest
of this document is organized.
Problem Statement
In this section, present a concise statement of a research-worthy problem addressed (i.e., why the
work should be undertaken – don’t say required for the class). Follow the statement of the
problem with a well-supported discussion of its scope and nature. The discussion of the problem
should include: what the problem is, why it is a problem, how the problem evolved or developed,
and the issues and events leading to the problem.
Goal
Next, include a concise definition of the goal of the work (i.e., what the work will accomplish).
Aim to define a goal that is measurable.
Research Questions
Research que ...
This document summarizes the key elements and structure of a research proposal and report. It discusses the typical chapters, including an introduction outlining the problem statement and objectives, a literature review, methodology, analysis and interpretation, and conclusions. The summary provides guidelines on formatting, style, references, and outlines the typical sections within each chapter. Research proposals and reports generally follow the same standardized format.
The document provides instructions for writing an APA-style research report, covering sections such as the abstract, introduction, method, results, and discussion. It describes the key elements that should be included in each section, such as stating the research question in the abstract, justifying hypotheses with past research in the introduction, and explaining the implications of the results in the discussion section. Guidelines are provided for formatting references according to APA style.
Psyc 100 Term Assignments Rationale ► Psychology.docxamrit47
Psyc 100 Term
Assignments
Rationale
► Psychology relies on a variety of research methods in order to come to
a better understanding of behaviour and other phenomena. Most
research methods can be classified either as experiments or as non-
experimental designs and it is important for students of psychology to
be able to clearly differentiate which type of a design is being used in
any specific study. As such, one goal of the term assignments is for
you to be able to find different studies relating to a specific topic and
identify which type of research method the study uses to address the
questions of interest.
► In addition, reading and interpreting published research are important
skills that all scientists must develop. The term assignments for this
course will allow you to demonstrate that you can read, summarize
and interpret research literature related to one specific topic within the
scope covered in Psychology 100.
Overview
►two components
Assignment #1 – Article Selection
►worth 3%
►due start of class Tuesday Feb. 21st
Assignment #2 – Article Summaries
►worth 7%
►due start of class Thursday March 22nd
Assignment #1 – Rationale
►an essential early step in any empirical
investigation involves a review of the
published literature relevant to the specific
topic under investigation
►this assignment will familiarize you with
locating “good” research articles as well as
introducing you to some aspects of a
standard format – namely, APA format
►on WebCT you have been assigned a
general topic
you need to find a more specific research issue
related to that topic
also have date and author restrictions
►An efficient way of finding published
research that relates to your topic is to
conduct a literature search using PsycINFO
Using PsycINFO
Introduction
For your assignment you will need to find articles
published in scholarly/academic journal. Luckily
you don’t need to skim through hundreds of
journals looking for a good article. You don’t
need to look through hundreds of Google results
either.
This tutorial will introduce you to PsycINFO, an
online psychology index which is like a very
specialized version of Google. PsycINFO will
find citations for articles on your topic, and will
even lead you to the actual articles.
Research Topic
Let’s assume you’re interested in
investigating further the phenomenon of
bystander intervention that Darley and
Latane first examined in the 1960’s
so you’re interested in articles referenced
in PsycINFO that have bystander
intervention as a subject
Connecting to PsycINFO
PsycINFO is the specialized index or
search engine which psychologists and
psychology students use to find journal
articles.
To link to PsycINFO, open up a web
browser (Internet Explorer or Firefox) in a
new window and go to http://www.sfu.ca
http://www.sfu.ca/
Connecting to ...
BA634 Current & Emerging Technology Research Paper 1 .docxwilcockiris
BA634 Current & Emerging Technology
Research Paper
1
Understanding Evolving Technologies
As we all know technology is evolving at a rate that, to some, seems
overwhelming. These technologies often evolve to offer higher quality products and
services at lower prices causing a disruption in markets that is sometimes perceived as
unwelcome. These disruptive technologies are sometimes the results of innovative
business models that are also part of the evolving processes of a competitive
marketplace.
This is an individual research paper required from BA634 students.
As a Research Project, select one of the following research areas:
Cloud Computing (Intranet, Extranet, and Internet)
Machine Learning
Artificial Intelligence
Internet of Things (IoT)
Robotics
Medical Technology
1) Your research paper needs to be between 12-15 pages.
2) It needs be submitted as a WORD document.
3) The research paper must only include materials from peer reviewed
journals and peer reviewed conference proceedings. APA formatted
citations are therefore required for the final submission. Newspapers,
websites (URLs), magazines, technical journals, hearsay, personal
opinions, and white papers are NOT acceptable citations.
4) Each submission will be checked for plagiarism. All plagiarized
documents will results in a grade of zero for the exercise.
5) If there is extensive synonym use or not understandable, long
sentences, the document will results in a grade of zero for the
exercise.
6) The final research paper must include your through analysis and synthesis
of the peer reviewed literature used in your research paper.
7) There will be a limit of 3 images, tables, figures are to be included in the
BA634 Current & Emerging Technology
Research Paper
2
appendices and DO NOT count for page limit requirements.
8) Long quotations (i.e. paragraphs) are NOT permitted. Only one quoted
sentence is permitted per page.
9) Footnotes are NOT permitted.
Document Details
Chapter 1 Introduction
Background/Introduction
In this section, present enough information about the proposed work such that the reader
understands the general context or setting. It is also helpful to include a summary of how the rest
of this document is organized.
Problem Statement
In this section, present a concise statement of a research-worthy problem addressed (i.e., why the
work should be undertaken – don’t say required for the class). Follow the statement of the
problem with a well-supported discussion of its scope and nature. The discussion of the problem
should include: what the problem is, why it is a problem, how the problem evolved or developed,
and the issues and events leading to the problem.
Goal
Next, include a concise definition of the goal of the work (i.e., what the work will accomplish).
Aim to define a goal that is measurable.
Research Questions
Research que.
This document provides guidance for a 6-hour session on practical research for participants. The objectives are for participants to: 1) Analyze components of a curriculum guide, 2) Determine appropriate pedagogy for learning competencies, and 3) Prepare proper assessment activities. The session includes group activities to analyze curriculum guides and determine pedagogy and assessments. It also provides content on reviewing literature, including selecting relevant literature, citing sources, synthesizing information, and writing a coherent review while following ethical standards.
This document provides guidance for a 6-hour session on practical research for participants. The objectives are for participants to: 1) Analyze components of a curriculum guide, 2) Determine appropriate pedagogy for learning competencies, and 3) Prepare proper assessment activities. The session includes group activities to analyze curriculum guides and determine pedagogy and assessments. It also provides content on reviewing literature, including selecting relevant literature, citing sources, synthesizing information, and writing a coherent review while following ethical standards.
Similar to Running head ARTICLE CRITIQUE INSTRUCTIONS1ARTICLE CRITIQUE I.docx (8)
1. Explain James Q. Wilsons three types of policing. 2. What.docxcarlstromcurtis
1. Explain James Q. Wilson's three types of policing.
2. What are the four citizen expectations, as proposed by John C. Meyer?
3. Discuss four reasons the public calls the police in situations not involving a crime.
NOTE: Each answer should be at least 75 words in length, total needed 150 for both.
.
1. What is the underlying problem in this case from CEO Brian Niccol.docxcarlstromcurtis
1. What is the underlying problem in this case from CEO Brian Niccol’s perspective? (2marks)
2. What type of change Niccol need to inspire- reactive or proactive? Explain
3. Using Fig 10.1 on page 380, describe what forces for change exist both inside and outside Chipotle.)4. Utilize Lewin’s change model (Fig 10.2 on page 384) as a blueprint and describe how Niccol can inspire change at Chipotle?
.
1. List and discuss the heat sources identified by the NFPA as being.docxcarlstromcurtis
1. List and discuss the heat sources identified by the NFPA as being the primary causes of ignition for residential fires.
2. Define stratification, and explain how this phenomenon is predicted. How can stratification be defeated? How are fires detected where stratification is predicted to occur?
#1
This week I have chosen to discuss common heat sources identified by the NFPA in being common causes of ignition in home fires. The NFPA published the
Home Structure Fires
report in October of 2019 that outlines these fires and supports the conclusions with data from 2018. The following heat sources were listed as common denominators in home structure fires:
Cooking
Heating
Electrical distribution and lighting
Intentional
Smoking materials
Home fires are responsible for seventy-nine percent of fire fatalities and seventy-three percent of fire injuries (Ahrens, 2019). These ignition sources have proven to be the most prevalent forms of starting these types of fires. In addition, it was reported that most fire fatalities were males over the age of 55 (Ahrens, 2019). These fires are generally occurring in the colder months between November and March during the hours of 5 PM to 8 PM when, “… many people are coming home from work, are preparing dinner, or are engaging in other household activities” (Ahrens, 2019).
These ignition sources are common in many households. Cooking fires can vary greatly from stove tops, ovens, grease, toasters, empty coffee pots on heaters, tea pots, etc. Smoking materials, however, are isolated to pipes, cigarettes, and their associated equipment (lighters, matches, etc.). Heating sources, just like cooking fires, have several different ignition source types to include furnaces, stoves (pellet, gas, oil, etc.), chimney ignition, etc. Electrical distribution and lighting malfunctions or surges caused roughly 7 percent of home structure fires and accounted for ten percent of residential deaths (Ahrens, 2019). Lastly, intentionally set residential fires accounted huge amounts of property loss and resulted in 380 fatalities, sixty four percent were linked to suicide (Ahrens, 2019).
It is critical that during home fire safety visits and non-emergent medical calls that fire departments take the time to address these matters with their citizens. Most fire deaths occurred while victims were asleep, are physically disabled (mostly geriatric), or impaired by alcohol or drugs (Ahrens, 2019). These fires are preventable and should be addressed in the public setting when appropriate.
#2
This week is closer to what I deal with on the front lines. My departments district is 95 % residential. By the NF PA the leading reasons for home fires are Cooking, Heating, electrical distribution and lighting, Intentional and Smoking Materials.
Cooking - We see thing a lot in my area. people are cooking and forget about it. when they have the Oh Crap moment is when the smoke is rolling in to a second room. We once had someone .
1. What is kinesics2. What is the difference between using time.docxcarlstromcurtis
1. What is kinesics?
2. What is the difference between using time monochronically and polychronically?
3. How does culture influence how nonverbal communication is interpreted?
4. List four (4) ways to improve cross-cultural nonverbal communication.
YouTube URL:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NGVSIkEi3mM
Based on the video which of the four categories of space does Elaine's boyfriend violate? As a viewer we find this "close talker" situation funny, however what would happen if this incident occurred in real life? What factors make nonverbal communication difficult to interpret?
.
1. List two (2) gender related listening differences that have been .docxcarlstromcurtis
1. List two (2) gender related listening differences that have been documented by researchers.
2. List three (3) barriers that reduce our ability to listen.
3. What are soundscapes in terms of listening?
4. What are two (2) ways of improving our listening skills?
5. The television interviewer and personality, Larry King, once said about listening: "I remind myself every morning: Nothing I say this day will teach me anything. So, if I'm going to learn, I must do it by listening." Briefly discuss your opinion on his statement.
.
1. In some places, technology has reached the point where a tria.docxcarlstromcurtis
1. In some places, technology has reached the point where a trial could be conducted by a teleconference. The defendant could be left at the local jail and could watch the entire trial on a monitor. The state would not be forced to transport him back and forth every day and would save considerable money in transport and security costs. Is this a good idea? Is this idea Constitutional? Why or why not?
2. In civil trials, the witnesses are usually deposed before trial. Attorneys for both sides are present at the deposition and ask all the questions that they wish. Wouldn’t this be a good idea for criminal trials as well? Witnesses could simply testify through their written depositions or even by videotaped depositions and not be forced to appear at trial. Are there any problems with this scenario?
3. Defendants with the financial resources can hire private investigators and others to help investigate the jury and witnesses. Poorer defendants do not have that option. Does this contribute to lopsided justice where the rich get better justice than the poor?
.
1. Describe Digital Literacy (how to know what is real on the web). .docxcarlstromcurtis
1. Describe Digital Literacy (how to know what is real on the web).
2.
None of these people exist
. What does this mean to you?
3. Why is Wikipedia more reliable than a paper encyclopedia?
4. How useful are crowd sources answers?
5. What are some drawbacks to crowd sourced answers?
6. Do people generally utilize the diversity of sources on the Internet effectively?
7. How reliant are we and how reliant should we be on getting our news from social media?
8. How do humans remain vigilant when we turn over authority to computers? Have you tried to navigate without gps?
9. If models are simplifications or reality, why do we rely on them?
10. Why was this
mode
l, used by Amazon for hiring, wrong?
11. Why did Skynet declare war on the human race?
.
1. Define the following terms poster session, conference proce.docxcarlstromcurtis
1. Define the following terms: poster session, conference proceedings, manuscript, paper, and journal article.
2. State what can be gained by presenting at a conference or by participating in a poster session.
3. List some qualities of good presentations at conferences
4. When would a researcher use IMRAD? What does IMRAD stand for?
5. Who reviews the rigor of the submissions to research journals?
6. Explain the parts of a manuscript.
7. What is publication bias?
8. Differentiate explicit and implicit rules for journals.
.
1. What is disparate-impact discrimination under Title VII an.docxcarlstromcurtis
1. What is "disparate-impact" discrimination under Title VII and how does it differ from "disparate-treatment" discrimination?
2. Do you believe that an employer that refuses to hire felons - regardless of the nature of the felony, the nature of the job, or the length of time that has passed since the conviction - should be subject to liability for disparate-impact discrimination? What defenses might an employer use to defend itself against a lawsuit challenging the legality of its policy against hiring felons?
.
1. What are your 5 favorite apps and why. Be specific and det.docxcarlstromcurtis
1. What are your 5 favorite apps and why. Be specific and detailed...how often do you use them and what do they do?
As and example, for me I would have to have:
A. Google Maps (I use it to find places, connect to their locations and phone numbers and web sites...it also links to Yelp which I also use).
B. Facebook....including marketplace and several Facebook groups for social, information and communication.
C. Amazon Prime
D. Apple Music
E. Life 360 - helps keep up with my wife and kids
Also useful are: The Score, The Weather Channel, Ebay, Chick-Fil-A, Dictionary, Holy Bible, YouTube, my banking apps (probably most used of all), Compass and Picture This (take a picture of the leaf of a plant and it identifies it).
2. What was your average daily time on your phone this week and last week.
3. What is your primary source of communication on a daily basis: phone call, text, email, social media (which one)?
Count how many of each over 1 week: phone calls, texts, emails, social media...not exactly but close.
(Just for reference, I don't delete my emails but I have 94,522 emails on my phone...including ads and junk).
4. How often do you check your email? How often do you check your MyLeo email?
5. At the bottom of page 427 there are survey results for what people would give up rather than give up than going without their smartphones. Which ones would you be willing to give up rather than give up your smartphone?
.
1. What does it mean to pierce the corporate veil Use your .docxcarlstromcurtis
1. What does it mean to "pierce the corporate veil"? Use your own words to describe it.
2. Describe two potentially negative consequences - to society at large - from the rule allowing a court to pierce the corporate veil under certain circumstances.
3. Describe two potentially positive consequences - to society at large - from the rule allowing a court to pierce the corporate veil under certain circumstances.
.
1. What are your personal experiences of the educational system D.docxcarlstromcurtis
This document asks the reader to summarize their personal experiences with the educational system and whether they see education as equalizing or perpetuating the status quo, citing an example from the article "Savage Inequalities: Children in U.S. Schools" by Jonathan Kozol to support their perspective. It also asks the reader to define and apply the Sociological Imagination to their analysis by examining how the history of society is linked to their own biography.
1. The reading discusses the efforts to revitalize city areas t.docxcarlstromcurtis
1. The reading discusses the efforts to revitalize city areas that have historically been less affluent, the process of gentrification. What are the potential effects of gentrification on the economy and current residents of the neighborhood? NIMBY (Not In My Back Yard) protests occur when concerned citizens band together to speak up against something that will impact them negatively. Who is more likely to be involved in NIMBY protests and where do they occur? Give an example of a NIMBY protest and whether you support it or not. In your post, also share a recent news piece (within the last 3 months) related to a NIMBY protest or gentrification. Provide a link to the story (a citation is not required).
2. Consider what you have learned about collective behavior, social movements, and social change this week. How is the global expansion of social media likely to affect how people pursue social change? How has it done so already? Use specific examples from the media (including a link to information about a recent social movement) as you analyze social movements, social change, technology, and the media. A full citation is not required for the link.
The Week 8 Forum meets the following course objectives:
Apply a sociological perspective to the social world.
Analyze contemporary social issues using the sociological imagination and use sociological theories and concepts to analyze everyday life.
Explain collective behavior, social movements, and social change.
.
1. Respond to the Question Is auscultation of bowel sounds us.docxcarlstromcurtis
The document is a personal narrative describing the author's childhood experiences growing up in poverty in a St. Louis ghetto. Key events include witnessing an attack on her brother by an intruder, fleeing with her family to her grandparents' home, and later being separated from her siblings and placed in foster care. The author reflects on how moving to wealthier areas shaped her understanding of poverty, and how education became a means of transcending poverty. Though challenging aspects are acknowledged, the narrative overall portrays the ghetto in a positive light as a place that cultivated resilience and community.
1. Provide a precise definition for human capital”. 2. What .docxcarlstromcurtis
1. Provide a precise definition for “human capital”.
2. What managerial decisions/actions have you seen that support and increase the value of human capital?
3. What organization actions might further improve the value of human capital?
4. Please use class material to support your answer.(see attached study guide)
(at least 15 sentences$
ALSO PLEASE REPLY TO ANOTHER STUDENTS COMMENT BELOW
Judith:
Human capital is the value of workers knowledge, skills, and their experience. Their assets can be the education and training they received. Also, their assets can be the intellectual skills that they have. Also. organizations feel that employees being loyal by having longevity and punctuality with the organization.shows value, which is also considered human capital.
.
1. Locate a recent (within six months) article on Net Neutralit.docxcarlstromcurtis
1. Locate a recent (within six months) article on Net Neutrality. Summarize the article in a few short paragraphs and then discuss your personal view as it relates to the article. Post a link to the article as well.
2. IoT—if you have an IoT device in your home, in your car, or a wearable that you are familiar with, describe how you use this device, what companion app(s) are required, and do you find it beneficial or not (why or why not)? If you don’t have an IoT device, do some research and select an appliance/device/product that utilizes IoT. Highlight the product, detail how it works in terms of IoT and describe how you would use this product.
.
1. How Subtle Sex Discrimination Works by Nijole V. Benokra.docxcarlstromcurtis
1.
"How Subtle Sex Discrimination Works" by Nijole V. Benokraitis (Links to an external site.)
Identify which article you picked and summarize the information.
2. Choose a a concept from Introduction to Sociology 2e (any chapter), a Sociological theory, or the Sociological Imagination to analyze what you read. Define your concept, theory, or Sociological Imagination. (Please use a sociological theory)
3. Analyze the reading with Sociology.
please use citations when providing examples from the article, please write 2-3 paragraphs double spaced.
.
1. Define Culture, Family, and Community and discuss how they a.docxcarlstromcurtis
1. Define Culture, Family, and Community and discuss how they are related.
2. Mention and discuss what cultural concepts will you use to provide nursing care to families, communities and, aggregates.
3. Mention and discuss potential health problems in refugees and immigrant populations.
4. Mention and discuss interventions that are culturally sensitive and relevant to address the health concerns of a refugee population.
.
1. Give the definition or meaning of each of the following termsco.docxcarlstromcurtis
1. Give the definition or meaning of each of the following terms/concepts
using a named source.
2. Give the meaning of each term/concept
using your own words.
3. Give
two examples
of each term/concept.
Discrete Random Variable
Continuous Random Variable
Probability Distribution
Binomial Coefficient (page 248 of text)
What does n! (reads "n factorial") mean? Explain and demonstrate with your examples.
.
1. Compare and contrast the definitions of health from a public hea.docxcarlstromcurtis
1. Compare and contrast the definitions of health from a public health nursing perspective and list and explain the, three levels of prevention and give an example of each one.
2. Mention and discuss community/public health nursing interventions as explained by the intervention Wheel.
3. Describe and explain the process of conducting a community health assessment and identify and discuss the uses for epidemiological data at each step of the nursing process.
4. Compare the application of the public health principles to the nation's major health problems at the turn of the twentieth century (i.e. acute disease) with the beginning of the twenty-first century (i.e. chronic disease) and mention and discuss the major contemporary issues facing community/public health nursing, and trace the historical roots to the present.
.
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold MethodCeline George
Odoo provides an option for creating a module by using a single line command. By using this command the user can make a whole structure of a module. It is very easy for a beginner to make a module. There is no need to make each file manually. This slide will show how to create a module using the scaffold method.
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty,
International FDP on Fundamentals of Research in Social Sciences
at Integral University, Lucknow, 06.06.2024
By Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
How to Add Chatter in the odoo 17 ERP ModuleCeline George
In Odoo, the chatter is like a chat tool that helps you work together on records. You can leave notes and track things, making it easier to talk with your team and partners. Inside chatter, all communication history, activity, and changes will be displayed.
How to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 InventoryCeline George
In this slide, we'll explore how to set up warehouses and locations in Odoo 17 Inventory. This will help us manage our stock effectively, track inventory levels, and streamline warehouse operations.
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptxDenish Jangid
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UPRAHUL
This Dissertation explores the particular circumstances of Mirzapur, a region located in the
core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
environment for investigating the changes in vegetation cover dynamics. Our study utilizes
advanced technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Remote sensing to
analyze the transformations that have taken place over the course of a decade.
The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
How to Fix the Import Error in the Odoo 17Celine George
An import error occurs when a program fails to import a module or library, disrupting its execution. In languages like Python, this issue arises when the specified module cannot be found or accessed, hindering the program's functionality. Resolving import errors is crucial for maintaining smooth software operation and uninterrupted development processes.
বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
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This document provides an overview of wound healing, its functions, stages, mechanisms, factors affecting it, and complications.
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Liberal Approach to the Study of Indian Politics.pdf
Running head ARTICLE CRITIQUE INSTRUCTIONS1ARTICLE CRITIQUE I.docx
1. Running head: ARTICLE CRITIQUE INSTRUCTIONS 1
ARTICLE CRITIQUE INSTRUCTIONS 2
Purpose of The Article Critique Paper
1). Psychological Purpose
This paper serves several purposes, the first of which is helping
you gain insight into research papers in psychology. As this
may be your first time reading and writing papers in
psychology, one goal of Paper I is to give you insight into what
goes into such papers. This article critique paper will help you
learn about the various sections of an empirical research report
by reading at least one peer-reviewed articles (articles that have
a Title Page, Abstract*, Literature Review, Methods Section,
Results Section, and References Page—I have already selected
some articles for you to critique, so make sure you only critique
one in the folder provided on Canvas) This paper will also give
you some insights into how the results sections are written in
APA formatted research articles. Pay close attention to those
sections, as throughout this course you’ll be writing up some
results of your own!
In this relatively short paper, you will read one of five articles
posted on Canvas and summarize what the authors did and what
they found. The first part of the paper should focus on
summarizing the design the authors used for their project. That
is, you will identify the independent and dependent variables,
talk about how the authors carried out their study, and then
summarize the results (you don’t need to fully understand the
statistics in the results, but try to get a sense of what the
authors did in their analyses). In the second part of the paper,
you will critique the article for its methodological strengths and
weaknesses. Finally, in part three, you will provide your
references for the Article Critique Paper in APA format.
2). APA Formatting Purpose
The second purpose of the Article Critique paper is to teach you
2. proper American Psychological Association (APA) formatting.
In the instructions below, I tell you how to format your paper
using APA style. There are a lot of very specific requirements
in APA papers, so pay attention to the instructions below as
well as Chapter 14 in your textbook! I highly recommend using
the Paper I Checklist before submitting your paper, as it will
help walk you through the picky nuances of APA formatting.
3). Writing Purpose
Finally, this paper is intended to help you grow as a writer. Few
psychology classes give you the chance to write papers and
receive feedback on your work. This class will! We will give
you feedback on this paper in terms of content, spelling, and
grammar.
Article Critique Paper (60 points possible)
Each student is required to write an article critique paper based
on one of the research articles present on Canvas only those
articles listed on Canvas can be critiqued – if you critique a
different article, it will not be graded). If you are unclear about
any of this information, please ask.
What is an article critique paper?
An article critique is a written communication that conveys your
understanding of a research article and how it relates to the
conceptual issues of interest to this course.
This article critique paper will include 5 things:
1. Title page: 1 page (4 points)
· Use APA style to present the appropriate information:
· A Running head must be included and formatted APA style
· The phrase “Running head” is at the top of the title page
followed by a short title of your creation (no more than 50
characters) that is in ALL CAPS. This running head is left-
3. justified (flush left on the page). Note that the “h” in head is all
lower case! Look at the first page of these instructions, and you
will see how to set up your Running head.
· There must be a page number on the title page that is right
justified. It is included in the header
· Your paper title appears on the title page. This is usually 12
words or less, and the first letter of each word is capitalized. It
should be descriptive of the paper (For this paper, you should
use the title of the article you are critiquing. The paper title can
be the same title as in the Running head or it can differ – your
choice)
· Your name will appear on the title page
· Your institution will appear on the title page as well
· For all papers, make sure to double-space EVERYTHING and
use Times New Roman font. This includes everything from the
title page through the references.
· This is standard APA format. ALL of your future papers will
include a similar title page
2. Summary of the Article: 1 ½ page minimum, 3 pages
maximum - 14 points)
An article critique should briefly summarize, in your own
words, the article research question and how it was addressed in
the article. Below are some things to include in your summary.
· The summary itself will include the following: (Note – if the
article involved more than one experiment, you can either
choose to focus on one of the studies specifically or summarize
the general design for all of the studies)
1. Type of study (Was it experimental or correlational? How do
you know?)
2. Variables (What were the independent and dependent
variables? How did they manipulate the IV? How did they
operationally define the DV? Be specific with these. Define the
terms independent and dependent variable and make sure to
identify how they are operationally defined in the article)
3. Method (What did the participants do in the study? How was
4. it set up? Was there a random sample of participants? Was there
random assignment to groups?). How was data collected (online,
in person, in a laboratory?).
4. Summary of findings (What were their findings?)
· Make sure that:
1. The CAPS portion of your running head should also appear
on the first page of your paper, but it will NOT include the
phrase “Running head” this time, only the same title as the
running head from the first paper in ALL CAPS. Again, see the
example paper. There is a powerpoint presentation on using
Microsoft Word that can help you figure out how to have a
different header on the title page (where “Running head” is
present) and other pages in the paper (where “Running head” is
NOT present). You can also find how-to information like this
using youtube!
2. If you look at the header in pages 2 through 5 (including
THIS current page 4 that you are reading right now!), you will
see “Running head” omitted. It simply has the short title
(ARTICLE CRITIQUE PAPER INSTRUCTIONS) all in caps,
followed by the page number.
3. The same title used on the title page should be at the top of
the page on the first actual line of the paper, centered.
4. For this paper, add the word “Summary” below the title, and
have it flush left. Then write your summary of the article below
that.
3. Critique of the study: 1 ½ pages minimum - 3 pages
maximum - 16 points)
1. This portion of the article critique assignment focuses on
your own thoughts about the content of the article (i.e. your
own ideas in your own words). For this section, please use the
word “Critique” below the last sentence in your summary, and
have the word “Critique” flush left.
1. This section is a bit harder, but there are a number of ways to
demonstrate critical thinking in your writing. Address at least
5. four of the following elements. You can address more than four,
but four is the minimum.
· 1). In your opinion, are there any confounding variables in the
study (these could be extraneous variables or nuisance
variables)? If so, explain what the confound is and specifically
how it is impacting the results of the study. A sufficient
explanation of this will include at least one paragraph of
writing.
· 2). Is the sample used in the study an appropriate sample? Is
the sample representative of the population? Could the study be
replicated if it were done again? Why or why not?
· 3). Did they measure the dependent variable in a way that is
valid? Be sure to explain what validity is, and why you believe
the dependent variable was or was not measured in a way that
was valid.
· 4). Did the study authors correctly interpret their findings, or
are there any alternative interpretations you can think of?
· 5). Did the authors of the study employ appropriate ethical
safeguards?
· 6). Briefly describe a follow-up study you might design that
builds on the findings of the study you read how the research
presented in the article relates to research, articles or material
covered in other sections of the course
· 7). Describe whether you feel the results presented in the
article are weaker or stronger than the authors claim (and why);
or discuss alternative interpretations of the results (i.e.
something not mentioned by the authors) and/or what research
might provide a test between the proposed and alternate
interpretations
· 8). Mention additional implications of the findings not
mentioned in the article (either theoretical or practical/applied)
· 9). Identify specific problems in the theory, discussion or
empirical research presented in the article and how these
problems could be corrected. If the problems you discuss are
methodological in nature, then they must be issues that are
substantial enough to affect the interpretations of the findings
6. or arguments presented in the article. Furthermore, for
methodological problems, you must justify not only why
something is problematic but also how it could be resolved and
why your proposed solution would be preferable.
· 10). Describe how/why the method used in the article is either
better or worse for addressing a particular issue than other
methods
4. Brief summary of the article: One or paragraphs (6 points)
· Write the words “Brief Summary”, and then begin the brief
summary below this
· In ONE or TWO paragraphs maximum, summarize the article
again, but this time I want it to be very short. In other words,
take all of the information that you talked about in the summary
portion of this assignment and write it again, but this time in
only a few sentences.
· The reason for this section is that I want to make sure you can
understand the whole study but that you can also write about it
in a shorter paragraph that still emphasizes the main points of
the article. Pretend that you are writing your own literature
review for a research study, and you need to get the gist of an
article that you read that helps support your own research across
to your reader. Make sure to cite the original study (the article
you are critiquing).
5. References – 1 page (4 points)
· Provide the reference for this article in proper APA format
(see the book Chapter 14 for appropriate referencing guidelines
or the Chapter 14 powerpoint).
· If you cited other sources during either your critique or
summary, reference them as well (though you do not need to
cite other sources in this assignment – this is merely optional IF
you happen to bring in other sources). Formatting counts here,
so make sure to italicize where appropriate and watch which
words you are capitalizing!
7. 6. Grammar and Writing Quality (6 points)
· Few psychology courses are as writing intensive as Research
Methods (especially Research Methods Two next semester!). As
such, I want to make sure that you develop writing skills early.
This is something that needs special attention, so make sure to
proofread your papers carefully.
· Avoid run-on sentences, sentence fragments, spelling errors,
and grammar errors. Writing quality will become more
important in future papers, but this is where you should start to
hone your writing skills.
· We will give you feedback on your papers, but I recommend
seeking some help from the FIU writing center to make sure
your paper is clear, precise, and covers all needed material. I
also recommend asking a few of your group members to read
over your paper and make suggestions. You can do the same for
them!
· If your paper lacks originality and contains too much overlap
with the paper you are summarizing (i.e. you do not paraphrase
appropriately or cite your sources properly), you will lose some
or all of the points from writing quality, depending on the
extent of the overlap with the paper. For example, if sentences
contain only one or two words changed from a sentence in the
original paper, you will lose points from writing quality.
Please note that you do not need to refer to any other sources
other than the article on which you have chosen to write your
paper. However, you are welcome to refer to additional sources
if you choose.
7. Self-Rating Rubric (10 points). On canvas, you will find a
self-rating rubric. This rubric contains a summary of all the
points available to you in this paper. You must submit your
ratings for your own paper, using this rubric (essentially, you’ll
grade your own paper before you hand it in). You will upload
your completed rubric to the “article critique rubric” assignment
on Canvas.
8. · Please put effort into your ratings. Do not simply give
yourself a 50/50. Really reflect on the quality of your paper and
whether you meet all the criteria listed.
1. If it is clear that you have not reflected sufficiently on your
paper (e.g., you give a rating of 2/2 for something that is not
included in your paper), you will lose points.
· This does not mean that you are guaranteed whatever grade
you give to yourself. Instead, this will help you to 1) make sure
that you have included everything you need to include, and 2)
help you to reflect on your own writing.
· In fact, we will use this very same rubric when we grade your
paper, so you should know exactly what to expect for your
grade!
Other guidelines for the article critique papers
1. 1). Pay attention to the page length requirements – 1 page for
the title page, 1.5 pages to 3 pages for the summary, 1.5 pages
to 3 pages for the critique, one or two paragraphs for the brief
summary, and 1 page for the references page. If you are under
the minimum, we will deduct points. If you go over the
maximum, we are a little more flexible (you can go over by half
page or so), but we want you to try to keep it to the maximum
page.
1. 2). Page size is 8 1/2 X 11” with all 4 margins set one inch
on all sides. You must use 12-point Times New Roman font.
1. 3). As a general rule, ALL paragraphs and sentences are
double spaced in APA papers. It even includes the references,
so make sure to double space EVERYTHING
1. 4). When summarizing the article in your own words, you
need not continually cite the article throughout the rest of your
critique. Nonetheless, you should follow proper referencing
procedures, which means that:
3. If you are inserting a direct quote from any source, it must be
enclosed in quotations and followed by a parenthetical reference
to the source. “Let’s say I am directly quoting this current
9. sentence and the next. I would then cite it with the author name,
date of publication, and the page number for the direct quote”
(Winter, 2013, p . 4).
0. Note: We will deduct points if you quote more than once per
page, so keep quotes to a minimum. Paraphrase instead, but
make sure you still give the original author credit for the
material by citing him or using the author’s name (“In this
article, Smith noted that …” or “In this article, the authors
noted that…”)
3. If you choose to reference any source other than your chosen
article, it must be listed in a reference list.
1. 5). Proofread everything you write. I actually recommend
reading some sentences aloud to see if they flow well, or getting
family or friends to read your work. Writing quality will
become more important in future papers, so you should start
working on that now!
Due 6/11/20 – 6/12/20
APA format
1 – 2 pages APA format
Minimum 2 scholarly journals or peer reviewed articles with
links
Must be ran through Turnitin with submission report
Topic: Should parents be able to refuse vaccines for their
children?
Cons Debater
· In the debate activity, the con debater presents on the “con”
side of the dilemma and presents why this is the correct or most
ethical position.
· Must cover disadvantages of children not being vaccinated
· Uses the applicable ethical principles, the ANA Code of
Ethics, and scholarly source to support the position. Discusses
possible outcomes of position being argued.
10. · Argue the issue from a Con position crediting a supporting
scholarly source.
· Use three (3) provisions of the ANA Code of Ethics that apply
to the ethical dilemma.
· Discuss possible outcomes of each position being argued.
· Present a plan for resolving the issue
Research Article
Doing Better but Feeling Worse
Looking for the ‘‘Best’’ Job Undermines Satisfaction
Sheena S. Iyengar,1 Rachael E. Wells,1 and Barry Schwartz2
1
Management Division, Graduate School of Business, Columbia
University, and
2
Psychology Department,
Swarthmore College
ABSTRACT—Expanding upon Simon’s (1955) seminal the-
ory, this investigation compared the choice-making strat-
egies of maximizers and satisficers, finding that maximiz-
ing tendencies, although positively correlated with objec-
tively better decision outcomes, are also associated with
more negative subjective evaluations of these decision
11. outcomes. Specifically, in the fall of their final year in
school, students were administered a scale that measured
maximizing tendencies and were then followed over the
course of the year as they searched for jobs. Students with
high maximizing tendencies secured jobs with 20% higher
starting salaries than did students with low maximizing
tendencies. However, maximizers were less satisfied than
satisficers with the jobs they obtained, and experienced
more negative affect throughout the job-search process.
These effects were mediated by maximizers’ greater reli-
ance on external sources of information and their fixation
on realized and unrealized options during the search and
selection process.
Success is getting what you want. Happiness is wanting what
you
get.
—American proverb
Half a century ago, Simon (1955, 1956, 1957) introduced an
important distinction between maximizing and satisficing as
12. choice-making strategies. To maximize is to seek the best and
requires an exhaustive search of all possibilities. To satisfice is
to seek ‘‘good enough,’’ searching until encountering an option
that crosses the threshold of acceptability. For example, com-
pare the strategies of a maximizer versus a satisficer selecting a
television show from choices available on 400 cable channels.
The maximizer would channel-surf, exploring all the channels,
spending so much time deciding on a show that little time would
be left for viewing. The satisficer would most likely channel-
surf
until he or she encountered the first acceptable show, put down
the remote control, and actually watch the show. Simon based
his
distinction on the idea that the limited information-processing
capacities of organisms make maximizing impossible. In the
modern world of almost unimaginable choice, this distinction is
even more pertinent (see Iyengar & Lepper, 2000; Schwartz,
2004a, 2004b).
Expanding on Simon’s classic theory, Schwartz et al. (2002)
13. recently compared the decision-making processes of maxi-
mizers and satisficers, finding that people who exhibit maxi-
mizing tendencies, like the channel surfer just described, were
less satisfied with their decision outcomes than their satisficing
counterparts. The researchers asked participants about recent
purchasing decisions and used a ‘‘maximization scale’’ to
measure individual differences in maximizing tendencies. Their
findings suggested that the experiences of maximizers differed
from those of satisficers during the decision-making process
and
also later, when they evaluated their final decision outcome.
Specifically, compared with satisficers, maximizers were more
likely to engage in an exhaustive search of all available options
and to compare their decisions with those of other people. Even
though maximizers invested more time and effort during the
decision process and explored more options than satisficers—
presumably in order to achieve greater satisfaction—they none-
theless felt worse about the outcomes that they achieved. Re-
14. sults showed that maximizing tendencies were positively
correlated with regret, depression, and decision difficulty, and
negatively correlated with happiness, life satisfaction, opti-
mism, and satisfaction with decision outcomes.
Such differences in the subjective choice-making experi-
ences of maximizers and satisficers are attributed to the fact
that
maximizers create a more onerous choice-making process for
themselves. Initially, maximizers focus on increasing their
choice sets by exploring multiple options, presumably because
expanded choice sets allow for greater possibilities to seek
out and find the elusive ‘‘best.’’ Yet, as the number of options
Address correspondence to Sheena S. Iyengar, Management
Division,
Columbia University Business School, 3022 Broadway, Room
714,
Uris Hall, New York, NY 10027, e-mail: [email protected]
PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE
Volume 17—Number 2 143Copyright r 2006 Association for
Psychological Science
proliferates, cognitive limitations prevent decision makers from
15. evaluating and comparing all options (Iyengar & Jiang, 2004;
Iyengar & Lepper, 2000; Miller, 1956). Identifying the best
becomes increasingly difficult, compelling maximizers to rely
on
external (often social) rather than internal standards to evaluate
and select outcomes (Lyubomirsky & Ross, 1997). In addition,
the inevitability of trade-offs among attractive options intensi-
fies the sting of passing up one attractive alternative when
choosing a more attractive one, and increases expectations for
the quality and utility of the chosen alternative.
But do the very strategies that render maximizers less happy
than satisficers with their decision outcomes also enable them to
achieve decision outcomes that are objectively better? Perhaps
there is utility associated with the strategic pursuit of real and
imagined options and with the careful observation of other
people’s choice-making experiences—utility that may be re-
flected in the form of more effective deliberations and objec-
tively better outcomes. Unlike prior investigations of the
16. relation between maximizing tendencies and decision outcomes,
the current investigation examined the effects of maximizing
tendencies on both objective outcomes and the subjective ex-
perience of the decision maker throughout the process.
Thus, expanding on this nascent literature, the present study
allowed us to test two hypotheses. The first was about the
process
of searching for choices and deciding which one to select. We
hypothesized that compared with satisficers, maximizers invest
more heavily in gathering information from external sources
(thereby incurring search costs and perhaps prioritizing exter-
nally valued criteria) and fixate more on realized and unrealized
options (thereby incurring opportunity costs). The second hy-
pothesis involved decision outcomes. We hypothesized that
these differences in the decision-making process contribute to
more successful decision outcomes among maximizers than
among satisficers, yet also result in maximizers’ experiencing
greater negative affect and reduced subjective well-being.
We chose to test these predictions within the consequential
17. domain of graduating college students’ job-search processes,
which allowed us to examine the influence of maximizing ten-
dencies on both actual and perceived decision outcomes, and
afforded us the opportunity to examine reactions to the decision
process as decisions were being made. Regardless of the finite
number of offers made to job seekers, maximizers who are un-
dertaking a job search face both the search costs and the raised
expectations associated with contemplating an almost limitless
set of employment possibilities. To determine how a
maximizing
orientation affects both the affective experiences and the ob-
jective outcomes of the job-search process, we measured the
maximizing tendencies of participants from multiple institutions
during the fall of their final year and subsequently followed
them
throughout their job search, measuring both how well they ac-
tually did and how well they thought they did. This
methodology
allowed us to test the following specific predictions: that com-
18. pared with satisficers, maximizers would desire more options,
plan to apply for more jobs, rely more on social comparison and
other external sources of information, and obtain jobs with
higher expected returns (i.e., salary), but also experience
greater
negative affect and less outcome satisfaction throughout the
process and at the conclusion of their job search.
METHOD
Participants
Graduating students (predominantly undergraduate seniors)
were recruited from 11 colleges and universities that varied in
geographical region, university rank, and school size. The
sample was 69.7% female. The median age of participants was
21 (range: 20–57), and 64% of participants were Caucasian,
26% Asian, and 10% of other racial-ethnic backgrounds. Par-
ticipants majored in the social sciences (36%), arts and hu-
manities (25%), engineering (16%), natural sciences and math
(11%), and business (15%). At the first assessment (T1), 548
participants responded; response rates were 69.5% and 56% at
19. the second and third assessments (T2 and T3), respectively.
Five
$200 prizes were raffled off among the participants who com-
pleted all three surveys.
Procedure
In November 2001 (T1), career services at the 11 participating
institutions directed students who were just beginning their job
searches (i.e., who had used career services in September
through November) to our survey Web site. Via e-mail, we no-
tified these participants of our follow-up on-line surveys in
February 2002 (T2), as participants were completing applica-
tions, interviewing, and getting offers, and in May 2002 (T3), as
they were accepting offers. Although it is difficult to calculate
the percentage of students who chose to participate in the
survey
upon encountering the on-line advertisement, consultations
with career-services staff provided us with numerical estimates
of the total number of students who utilized career services in
their job search within the given academic year. Given that the
20. advertisement was available only to those students who were
affiliated with career services between the months of September
and November (approximately 25%), we calculated that re-
sponse rates ranged from 17.4% to 53.2% across a sampling of
participating institutions.
Measures
Maximizing Tendencies
At T1, participants completed 11 maximization items drawn
from Schwartz et al. (2002; e.g., "When I am in the car listening
to the radio, I often check other stations to see if something
better is playing, even if I am relatively satisfied with what I’m
listening to’’ and ‘‘When shopping, I have a hard time finding
clothes that I really love’’). Each item was rated on a scale from
1
(strongly disagree) to 9 (strongly agree; a 5 .6). Scores for the
144 Volume 17—Number 2
Looking for the ‘‘Best’’ Job Undermines Satisfaction
21. individual items were averaged to create a composite maxi-
mizing score. Overall, men (n 5 166, M 5 5.48) and women (n 5
382, M 5 5.10) from our sample population showed significantly
higher maximizing tendencies than respondents in a recent
national adult sample (Kliger & Schwartz, 2005; men: n 5
3,261, M 5 4.9; women: n 5 4,692, M 5 4.77), t(165) 5 7.03,
p < .0001, for men and t(381) 5 6.28, p < .0001, for women.
These differences may be at least partly attributable to the age
difference between the two samples, as maximization tendencies
have been found to be negatively correlated with age (Kliger &
Schwartz, 2005). In our sample, maximizing tendencies were
also significantly positively correlated with top-15 university
rank, r(544) 5 .10, p < .05, and male gender, r(546) 5 .17, p <
.0001, but not with any other demographic or control variable
gathered.
Option Fixation
We used three measures to examine option fixation. At T1, we
measured the number of options that participants pursued: ‘‘For
22. approximately how many jobs do you anticipate applying?’’
Participants provided responses in numerical form. Note that
the number of anticipated applications ranged from 1 to 1,000,
exhibiting extreme right skewness (skew 5 7.5) and kurtosis
(69.0), and was therefore log-transformed. At T2, we measured
participants’ fixation on unrealized options: ‘‘I often fantasize
about jobs that are quite different from the actual job(s) that I
am
pursuing.’’ Responses were made on a scale from 1 (strongly
disagree) to 9 (strongly agree). At T3, we measured
participants’
regret with the size of their choice set: ‘‘I wish I had pursued
more options in my job search process.’’ Responses were made
on a scale from 1 (not at all) to 9 (to a large extent).
Reliance on External Influences
We created a single composite measure of five items (a 5 .70) to
test reliance on external influences. At T1, participants were
asked: ‘‘How much have you been using the services offered by
the career services office at your school during the job search?’’
‘‘To what extent have you consulted experts’ ranking such as
23. ‘top
companies,’ ‘fastest growing fields,’ etc.?’’ ‘‘How much do you
seek advice from your family regarding the job search (i.e., in-
put, suggestions, etc.)?’’ and ‘‘To what extent do you compare
your own job search process and results to those of your
peers?’’
The question regarding peer comparison was repeated at T2.
Participants responded on a scale from 1 (very little) to 9 (very
much).
Job-Market Performance
At T2 and T3, participants were asked how many interviews
they
had received. In addition, at T3, they were asked how many job
offers they had received and the annual salary (in dollars per
year or hour) of the job offer they accepted. In the case of jobs
with hourly wages, we determined how many hours per week
participants were required to work and converted this infor-
mation into an estimated annual salary.
Negative Affect
24. Participants’ negative affect associated with the job-search
process was measured at all three assessments. At T1 and T2,
participants were asked, ‘‘To what extent does each of the fol-
lowing describe how you are generally feeling about the job
search process?’’ The seven emotions listed were
‘‘pessimistic,’’
‘‘stressed,’’ ‘‘tired,’’ ‘‘anxious,’’ ‘‘worried,’’ ‘‘overwhelmed,’’
and
‘‘depressed.’’ Participants rated each emotion on a scale from 1
(not at all) to 9 (extremely) (T1 a 5 .86; T2 a 5 .89). At T3, the
same question was repeated; however, three emotions were
added (T3 a 5 .92): ‘‘regretful,’’ ‘‘disappointed,’’ and ‘‘frus-
trated.’’ In addition, for participants who had accepted job of-
fers, the question was modified to read: ‘‘To what extent does
each of the following describe how you are feeling about the
offer
you accepted and your upcoming new job?’’ Composite mea-
sures for T1, T2, and T3 were constructed.
Outcome Satisfaction
Two items measured participants’ satisfaction with their ac-
cepted job offers: ‘‘How satisfied are you with the offer you
25. have
accepted?’’ and ‘‘How confident are you that you made the
right
choice about where to work next year?’’ Responses were made
on
a scale from 1 (not at all) to 9 (very satisfied/very confident; a
5
.88). A score was obtained for each participant by averaging the
responses to these two questions.
Demographics and Other Control Variables
We gathered information on age, sex, ethnicity, family income
level, university affiliation and rank (as measured by U.S. News
& World Report, 2001), geographic location, and academic
major at T1. At T2, we collected information on overall grade
point average (GPA). Participants were asked about their job-
related activities (i.e., current stage in the job-search process)
at all three assessments.
RESULTS
Preliminary Analysis
Table 1 reports the means and standard deviations as a function
26. of maximizing status for all dependent measures, with maxi-
mizers and satisficers separated by a median split. Attrition
analyses demonstrated that our initial sample differed demo-
graphically from the T2 and T3 samples: East Asians, children
of foreign-born parents, and older students constituted a smaller
proportion of both the T2 and T3 samples, and the proportion of
participants who did not identify themselves with one specific
ethnicity was larger at T3 than at T1. However, the T1, T2, and
T3 samples did not differ as a function of the variables critical
to
our hypotheses (including maximizing score, log of the number
of anticipated applications, fixation on unrealized options,
Volume 17—Number 2 145
Sheena S. Iyengar, Rachael E. Wells, and Barry Schwartz
regret with choice set size, and reliance on external influences).
Further analyses revealed that compared with students who had
not completed their job search at T3, those who had completed
their search were significantly more likely to be business majors
27. and less likely to be arts and humanities majors, were younger,
had higher GPAs, came from wealthier socioeconomic back-
grounds, and relied more heavily on external influences.
1
All
regression analyses reported here controlled for gender, uni-
versity rank, age, academic major, cumulative GPA (collected at
T2), and whether a job offer had been accepted. See Tables 2
through 5 for full regression models including control variables.
Note that, following Killeen (2005), in reporting the results of
our regression analyses, we provide the probabilities of repli-
cating our effects (denoted by prep), in addition to standard
p values.
Main Effects for Maximizing Tendencies
As shown in Table 2, maximizing tendencies were positively
correlated with increased option fixation, greater reliance on
external influences, improved job-market performance, and
more negative affective experiences. At T1, participants with
greater maximizing tendencies anticipated applying for more
28. jobs, b 5 .13, t(537) 5 2.35, p < .05, prep 5 .93; however, this
effect was attenuated among those attending high-ranked uni-
versities, b 5 �.50, t(537) 5 �2.33, p < .05, prep 5 .93. Among
students in top-15 universities, the median for both maximizers
and satisficers was 30, whereas in lower-ranked universities, the
median was 20 for maximizers and 10 for satisficers. At T2,
participants with greater maximizing tendencies fantasized
more about jobs that they were not pursuing, b 5 .23, t(372) 5
4.48, p < .001, prep 5 .99, such that every one-unit increase in
maximizing was associated with a 0.59 increase in this measure.
At T3, students with greater maximizing tendencies reported
that they wished that they had pursued still more options, b 5
.18, t(263) 5 2.96, p < .01, prep 5 .97, such that every one-unit
increase in maximizing was associated with a 0.40 increase in
this measure. Additionally, students with greater maximizing
tendencies were more reliant on external influences during T1
and T2 of the job-search process, b 5 .17, t(366) 5 3.63, p <
.001, prep 5 .99. Every one-unit increase in maximizing was
associated with a 0.27 increase in this measure.
Indeed, job seekers with greater maximizing tendencies were
29. offered an average of $7,430 more in salary than their
satisficing
counterparts, b 5 .20, t(115) 5 2.83, p < .01, prep 5 .96, such
that every one-unit increase in the maximizing composite score
was associated with a $2,630 increase in the annual salary ob-
tained (see Table 3). An analysis based on a median split of the
maximizing scale showed that the mean salary of maximizing
job
seekers was $44,515, whereas that of satisficing job seekers was
$37,085. This difference in salary between maximizing and
satisficing job seekers was unaccounted for by the number of
interviews or job offers received, as maximizing tendencies did
not prove to be a significant predictor of either number of
TABLE 1
Means and Standard Deviations for Maximizers and Satisficers
Dependent variable Maximizers Satisficers
Anticipated applications
a
20 10
Fixation on unrealized options 5.17 (2.55) 4.02 (2.47)
30. Regret with choice set size 5.09 (2.39) 4.52 (2.20)
Reliance on external influences 5.02 (1.65) 4.65 (1.62)
Salary (in $10K) 4.45 (1.34) 3.71 (1.35)
Negative affect (T1) 5.54 (1.56) 4.81 (1.59)
Negative affect (T2) 5.40 (1.67) 4.81 (1.83)
Negative affect (T3) 4.50 (1.82) 3.91 (1.78)
Outcome satisfaction 7.02 (1.78) 7.58 (1.55)
Note. Standard deviations are provided in parentheses. T1, T2,
and T3 refer to
the first, second, and third assessments, respectively.
a
The scores reported for anticipated applications are medians,
rather than
means, and are only for students from universities not ranked
within the top 15,
as university rank interacted significantly with maximizing
tendencies.
TABLE 2
Regression Models Predicting Mediator Variables
Variable
Logged
anticipated
applications
Fixation
31. on unre-
alized
options
Regret
with
choice
set size
Reliance
on external
influences
Control variables
Female sex (0 5
male, 1 5 female) .03 .00 .04 �.07
Top-15 university .73nn .01 .02 .05
Age .11n �.00 .13n �.17nn
Business major .25nn �.06 .05 .33nn
Social sciences major .24nn �.08 .02 .18
Science, math major .03 �.16n �.05 �.01
Engineering major .21nn �.12 �.06 .11
Education major �.01 �.04 .00 �.04
Arts, humanities
major .12 �.08 .08 �.04
Cumulative grade
point average �.09 �.18nn .02
Offer already accepted
by point of DV
32. measurement �.09n �.01 �.18nn .21nn
Maximizing variables
Maximizing score .13n .23nn .18nn .17nn
Maximizing Score �
Top-15 University �.50n
Full-model R
2
.14 .08 .14 .28
DR2 vs. control model .01 .05 .03 .03
Model F ratio 7.06 2.60 3.34 11.28
Degrees of freedom 537 372 263 366
prep .99 .98 .99 .99
Note. DV 5 dependent variable.
np < .05. nnp < .01.
1
Detailed statistical information yielded by analyses of
differences in sub-
samples’ characteristics is also available upon request.
146 Volume 17—Number 2
Looking for the ‘‘Best’’ Job Undermines Satisfaction
interviews (T2 Poisson regression: b 5 .09, w2 5 1.43, n.s.; T3
33. Poisson regression: b 5 .05, w2 5 0.55, n.s.) or offers obtained
(T3 Poisson regression: b 5 .09, w2 5 1.80, n.s.).
Greater maximizing tendencies were also associated with
experiences of greater negative affect at all three assessments,
T1: b 5 .26, t(535) 5 6.32, p < .001, prep 5 .99; T2: b 5 .18,
t(365) 5 3.56, p < .001, prep 5 .99; T3: b 5 .16, t(257) 5 2.98,
p < .01, prep 5 .97 (see Table 4). Every one-unit increase in
maximizing was associated with 0.40, 0.31, and 0.28 increases
in negative affect at T1, T2, and T3, respectively. Participants
with greater maximizing tendencies also reported less satisfac-
tion with their accepted job offers even with annual salary
controlled, b 5 �.28, t(115) 5 �2.92, p < .01, prep 5 .97, such
that every one-unit increase in maximizing was associated with
a 0.43 decrease in reported satisfaction (see Table 5).
Mediators of Maximizing Tendencies
As shown in Tables 3 through 5, results suggest that the relation
of maximizing tendencies with job-market performance and
negative affective experience was mediated by a combination of
reliance on external influences and option fixation. Reliance on
external influences acted as a partial mediator of the effect of
maximizing on job-market performance, b 5 .27, t(115) 5 3.41,
34. p < .01, prep 5 .98. The positive correlational relation between
maximizing and negative affect was observed to be partially
mediated at T2 by logged anticipated applications, b 5 .21,
t(365) 5 4.14, p < .001, prep 5 .99, and fixation on unrealized
options, b 5 .25, t(365) 5 5.15, p < .001, prep 5 .99, and
fully mediated at T3 by fixation on unrealized options, b 5 .10,
t(257) 5 1.81, p < .10, prep 5 .85; regret with choice set size,
b 5 .21, t(257) 5 3.82, p < .001, prep 5 .99; and reliance on
external influences, b 5 .18, t(257) 5 3.01, p < .01, prep 5 .97.
In
fact, the relation between maximizing tendencies and outcome
satisfaction was also fully mediated by fixation on unrealized
options, b 5 �.27, t(115)5 �2.81, p < .01,prep 5 .96,and regret
with choice set size, b 5 �.34, t(257) 5 �3.80, p < .001, prep 5
.99. Even when T1 negative affective experience was included
as
a control in the regression models, similar results emerged.
DISCUSSION
Compared with satisficers, maximizers do better financially in
their job search, but feel worse. In their quest for placement
after
graduation, students with greater maximizing tendencies not
only pursue and fixate on realized and unrealized options to a
35. greater degree, but also rely on more external sources of infor-
mation than do more satisficing job seekers. These efforts result
in higher payoffs: Maximizers earn starting salaries that are
20%
higher than those of satisficers. Yet, despite their relative suc-
cess, maximizers are less satisfied with the outcomes of their
job
search, and more pessimistic, stressed, tired, anxious, worried,
overwhelmed, and depressed throughout the process. Why?
Perhaps maximizers are merely high achievers who have more
past successes and superior credentials and have rightly learned
to expect more of themselves. No matter how well they do,
maximizers feel worse than satisficers because they fail to
match
these high expectations. Certainly, there is evidence to suggest
that maximizers have histories of past success; we found sig-
nificantly more maximizers in top-ranked universities than in
other schools. However, there is also evidence to suggest that
equating maximizing tendencies with capability oversimplifies
the story. After all, we did not find a significant relation
36. between
maximizing and another marker of academic success, GPA.
Furthermore, if one assumed maximizers’ success in the job
market to simply be about better credentials, one would expect
proxies for high qualifications, such as university rank and
GPA,
to mediate the effects of maximizing on job-market
performance.
Yet even though our analysis controlled for these two indices,
we
found maximizing tendencies were still predictive of salary.
Thus, whatever the relation between maximizing and high
achievement, past achievement in and of itself seems inade-
quate to explain maximizers’ negative affect. Why, then, do
maximizers feel worse when they do better?
Perhaps the fact that maximizers start the job search process
at T1 feeling worse than satisficers suggests that they are
simply
dispositionally less happy than satisficers, and therefore less
satisfied with the outcome of any decision. However, even after
37. accounting for initial negative affect at T1, we observed that
TABLE 3
Regression Models Predicting Annual Salary of Accepted Job
Offer
Variable
Salary:
initial model
Salary:
mediator
model
Control variables
Female sex (0 5 male, 1 5 female) �.16n �.11
Top-15 university .29nn .27nn
Age .06 .10
Business major .11 .03
Social sciences major �.00 .02
Science, math major .08 .06
Engineering major .32
w
.36n
Arts, humanities major �.28w .20nn
Cumulative grade point average .19n .15n
38. Maximizing variable
Maximizing score .20nn .15n
Proposed mediator
Reliance on external influences .27nn
Full-model R
2
.49 .54
DR2 vs. control model .04 .09
DR2 vs. previous model of same DV .05
Model F ratio 10.22 11.29
Degrees of freedom 115 115
prep .99 .99
Note. DV 5 dependent variable.
wp < .10. np < .05. nnp < .01.
Volume 17—Number 2 147
Sheena S. Iyengar, Rachael E. Wells, and Barry Schwartz
option fixation and regret with choice set size mediated the
effect
of maximizing on outcome satisfaction at T2 and T3. Our find-
39. ings support earlier research by Schwartz et al. (2002), which
suggests that the contribution of maximizing tendencies to
subjective evaluations is independent of dispositional happi-
ness.
Instead, we suggest that maximizers may be less satisfied than
satisficers and experience greater negative affect with the jobs
they obtain because their pursuit of the elusive ‘‘best’’ induces
them to consider a large number of possibilities, thereby in-
creasing their potential for regret or anticipated regret, engen-
dering unrealistically high expectations, and creating mounting
opportunity costs. Such effects may be integral to identifying
maximizing as a goal, and may detract from the satisfaction that
maximizers ultimately derive from their decisions.
Although we treated maximizing tendencies as a global in-
dividual difference measure, it may well be that maximizing
strategies to find the best are simply a set of learned behaviors
or
search strategies designed specifically for decision-making
tasks, and not necessarily even all decision-making tasks. In