Ruby FFI
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The document discusses Ruby FFI, which allows Ruby code to call functions defined in external C libraries using the libffi library, providing the lowest level for interfacing between languages; it describes how Ruby, MRI, MacRuby, Rubinius, and JRuby support FFI for mapping C functions, types, enums, constants, and structs to Ruby; and it provides some notes of caution around library calls that modify I/O and memory management when using FFI.
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TypeProf for IDE: Enrich Development Experience without Annotations
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Nyc big datagenomics-pizarroa-sept2017
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Ruby FFI
- 1. Ruby FFI The Foreign Function Interface for accessing system wide shared libraries in Ruby Angel Pizarro angel@upenn.edu
- 2. Ruby C Extension API • Ruby has a C extension mechanism • Use SWIG to wrap a C API • Non-idiomatic Ruby :( • Also IO struct changed between 1.8 and 1.9, SWIG needs new typemap • Write your own C modules using this API • Other Ruby VM’s out in the cold
- 3. Ruby FFI • Foreign Function Interface, based on libffi A foreign function interface [...] allows code written in one language to call code written in another language. The libffi library really only provides the lowest, machine dependent layer of a fully featured foreign function interface. A layer must exist above libffi that handles type conversions for values passed between the two languages. • MRI, MacRuby, Rubinius and JRuby support
- 4. Given a C API : libcairo
- 7. Function Input Args That sucks! We lose all method signature information!
- 8. Types, Enums & Constants
- 9. Types, Enums & Constants still sucks
- 10. Types, Enums & Constants still sucks Alias a type: Method sig now becomes nicer:
- 11. Structs
- 12. Managed Structs DANGER WILL ROBINSON! Only use if you REALLY want Ruby GC to manage references and memory
- 13. Final Notes • Beware library calls that open STIN / STDOUT to buffer writes • Specifically, they may close the socket and Ruby IO becomes FUBAR • Multi-dimensional arrays in structs not supported (“unroll” the previous dimension) • Do not use ManagedStruct if you just want type casting on a pointer ref • Essentially still using C idioms to code (e.g. memory management)
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