The document summarizes an internship presentation at the Gas Turbine Research Establishment (GTRE) about friction welding, types of microscopes, and XRF analysis. GTRE is a DRDO organization that designs and develops gas turbine engines for military applications. During the internship, the presenter performed tasks like performance analysis of turbine blades, documentation, literature reviews on composites and super alloys, and understanding workplace culture. Rotary friction welding and optical microscopes were discussed as important tools used at GTRE for joining blades and analyzing materials.

1. Internship presentation entitled
“ Friction Welding , Types of
Microscopes , XRF Analysis “
Presented By, Under the guidance of,
Mohammad Sakhlain Proff. Tansif khan
1HK19ME019
Mechanical Engineering
HKBK college of engineering,
Gas Turbine Research Establishment ( GTRE)
– DRDO

2. Contents
• Introduction
• Company introduction
• Vision and mission
• Working of gas turbine
• Mechanical components
• Task performed
• Experience
• Conclusion

3. Introduction
• Gas Turbine Research Establishment is one of the pioneering Research and
Development Organizations under the Ministry of Defence, Government of India.
• Design and develop gas-turbine engines for military applications
• advanced research work in the area of gas-turbine sub-systems

4. Company Introduction
• Gas Turbine Research Establishment - DRDO
• Took birth in Kanpur in 1959 with 8 Engineers/Scientists and about 20 Technicians
• First developed centrifugal type gas turbine engine of 1000 kg thrust.
• Moved to Bangalore, brought under the banner of DRDO, and was re-named as Gas
Turbine Research Establishment (GTRE) in November 1961

5. Gas turbine engine

6. Vision and Mission
Vision
• To be a centre of excellence for aero gas turbine research and development of related
technologies.
Mission
• To Design, develop and integrate advance technologies, state of art aero gas turbine engines and
their derivatives for defence forces.
•

7. Working of gas Turbine
• A gas turbine is a type of internal combustion engine that converts the
chemical energy of fuel into mechanical energy by burning the fuel inside the
engine.
• The basic working principle of a gas turbine engine involves three main
components: the compressor, the combustor, and the turbine.

8. Working of GasTurbine

9. Mechanical Components
• A Rotating Gas Compressor
• A Combustor
• A Compressor – Driving Turbine
• Propelling nozzle
• Afterburner

10. Compressor
• Axial Compressors are used in gas turbines
• 2 stages – High pressure and Low pressure
• High pressure has 6 stages
• Low pressure has 3 stages

11. Combustion Chamber
• The air from the compressor is mixed with fuel and ignited to produce a high-temperature,
high-pressure stream of gases that drives the turbine.
• Located between the compressor and the turbine
• The chamber is lined with heat-resistant materials to withstand the high temperatures
generated during combustion.
• Injection of fuel by a spark or a pilot flame, which initiates the combustion reaction.

12. Propelling Nozzle
• Converts the high-velocity, high-pressure gases from the combustion chamber into a high-
speed jet that generates thrust and propels the aircraft or other machinery.
• located at the rear of the engine and consists of a converging section, where the cross-
sectional area decreases, followed by a diverging section, where the cross-sectional area
increases.

13. Afterburner
• to increase their thrust output in certain situations, such as takeoff or high-speed flight.
• located between the turbine and the propelling nozzle
• consists of a combustion chamber that injects additional fuel into the exhaust gases and ignites
them, producing an additional burst of high-temperature, high-pressure gases that exit the
nozzle and provide additional thrust.
• increase the thrust output of a gas turbine engine, typically by 30-50%
• Decreses Fuel Efficiency

14. Task Performed
The internship at GTRE was an excellent opportunity for me to
learn and develop various skills related to gas turbine technology
• Performance Analysis of Turbine Blades
• Documentation and Reporting
• Literature Review on composites and super alloys
• Collaborative Work
• Understanding Workplace Culture

15. Rotary Friction Welding
• Compressor and turbine blades: Compressor and turbine blades are
typically manufactured from high-strength materials like titanium,
nickel-based superalloys, or composites. Friction welding can be used to
join the blades to the rotor disk, as well as to attach shroud segments or
tip caps.This process allows for the production of high-strength bonds
that can withstand the stresses and vibration of engine operation.

17. Joining of dissimilar materials: RFW is particularly useful
for joining dissimilar materials, such as titanium and
nickel-based superalloys, which is important for the
manufacture of many components in a gas turbine
engine. Other types of FW may not be suitable for joining
dissimilar materials.

19. OPTICAL MICROSCOPE