Space Radiation Superconductive Shield (SR2S) is an EU funded FP7 project which is researching new technology to protect astronauts in space from radiation. On 9th April 2014 in Torino, Italy, SR2S held their first conference to give an update on the project so far. For more information visit: www.sr2s.eu Twitter - @SR2SMars

1. The HiLumi LHC Design Study is included in the High Luminosity LHC project and is partly funded by the European
Commission within the Framework Programme 7 Capacities Specific Programme, Grant Agreement 284404.
The HL-LHC project
and beyond: an op-
portunity for MgB2
Lucio Rossi – CERN
FP7 - S2RS Workshop
April 9, 2014

2. 2
Goal of High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) as
fixed in November 2010
L. Rossi @ S2RS Workshop - Torino 9 April 2014
EU collaboration with JP and USA :FP7 – HiLumi LHC Design Study
The main objective of HiLumi LHC Design Study is to determine a hardware
configuration and a set of beam parameters that will allow the LHC to reach the
following targets:
A peak luminosity of 5×1034 cm-2s-1 with levelling, allowing:
An integrated luminosity of 250 fb-1 per year, enabling the goal of
3000 fb-1 twelve years after the upgrade.
Leveling means
that VIRTUAL
lumi is mich
higher!

3. 3
4 July 2012 : Boson got! (with 5 fb-1)
L. Rossi @ S2RS Workshop - Torino 9 April 2014

4. 4
2013: HL-LHC: from Design Study to
Construction Project (funded)
L. Rossi @ S2RS Workshop - Torino 9 April 2014
c) Europe’s top priority should be the exploitation of the full potential of the LHC,
including the high-luminosity upgrade of the machine and detectors with a view to
collecting ten times more data than in the initial design, by around
2030. This upgrade programme will also provide further exciting opportunities for the
study of flavour physics and the quark-gluon plasma.
Update of 2013
Approved at special CERN Council
Held in Brussels 30 May 2013

5. 5
Technical bottlenecks
Cryogenics
L. Rossi @ S2RS Workshop - Torino 9 April 2014
IT IT
ITIT
IT
ITIT
IT
RF
RF
Never good to couple RF
with Magnets !
Reduction of availabe cryo-
power and coupling of the
RF wiht the Arc (thermal
cycle requires > 2 months
and many tests)

6. P7 : EPC and DFB near collimators
L. Rossi @ S2RS Workshop - Torino 9 April
2014
6

7. 7
Availability: SC links removal of
EPCs, DFBs from tunnel to surface
L. Rossi @ S2RS Workshop - Torino 9 April 2014
2150 kA
1 pair 700 m 50 kA – LS2
4 pairs 300 m 150 kA (MS)– LS3
4 pairs 300 m 150 kA (IR) – LS3
tens of 6-18 kA CLs pairs in HTS
A. Ballarino

8. 8
The most straight forward action:
reducing beam size with a «local» action
L. Rossi @ S2RS Workshop - Torino 9 April 2014
Smaller   larger IT aperture
LHC has better aperture
than anticipated: now all
margin can be used;
however is not possible to
have  < 40 cm

9. 9
The critical zone around IP1 and IP5
L. Rossi @ S2RS Workshop - Torino 9 April 2014
1.2 km of LHC !!

10. LHC low-β quads: steps in magnet
technology from LHC toward HL-LHC
LHC (USA & JP, 5-6 m)
70 mm, Bpeak 8 T
1992-2005
LARP TQS & LQ (4m)
90 mm, Bpeak 11 T
2004-2010
LARP HQ
120 mm,
Bpeak 12 T
2008-2014
LARP & CERN
MQXF
150 mm,
Bpeak 12.1 T
2013-2020
New structure
based on bladders
and keys (LBNL,
LARP)
L. Rossi @ S2RS Workshop - Torino 9 April
2014 10

11. The HiLumi LHC Design Study is included in the High Luminosity LHC project and is partly funded by the European
Commission within the Framework Programme 7 Capacities Specific Programme, Grant Agreement 284404.
CLIQ – Coupling-Loss Induced Quench (EU Patent EP13174323.9, June 2013)
11
Current
Change
Magnetic
Field
Change
Coupling-
Losses
(Heat)
QUENCH
Temperature
Rise
E. Ravaioli et al., MT23, 2013.
E. Ravaioli et al., EUCAS11, 2013.
E. Ravaioli et al., CHATS-AS, 2013.
E. Ravaioli et al., Cryogenics, 2014.
E. Ravaioli et al., SuST, 2014.
CLIQ can quench a magnet by oscillating the
current of a magnet, thus generating coupling
losses (=heat) in the conductor itself.
With respect to existing quench protection
systems (i.e. quench heaters), CLIQ can offer:
• easier implementation and repair,
• faster response,
• lower hot-spot temperature,
• lower failure risk.
EU Patent EP13174323.9, June 2013.
V. Datskov, E. Ravaioli, G. Kirby

12. 0
10
20
30
40
20 30 40 50 60 70 80
peakdose[MGy]
distance from IP [m]
peak dose longitudinal profile
7+7 TeV proton interactions
HL-LHC at 3000 fb
-1
- 10 cm gap
LHC at 300 fb
-1
12L. Rossi @ S2RS Workshop - Torino 9 April 2014
16 mm in Q1 and 6 mm elsewhere
tungsten inserts
on the beam screen
SHIELDING THE NEW TRIPLET – CP – D1 [II]
HL-LHC vs LHC
(BEFORE vs AFTER LS3)
beam screen gap in the interconnects is critical
tungsten in the BPM’s
more than 600 W in the cold masses
as well as in the beam screen
(i.e. 1.2-1.3 kW in total)
larger values for increasing crossing angle

13. 13
Halo control (hollow e-lens)
L. Rossi @ S2RS Workshop - Torino 9 April
2014

14. 14
In-kind contribution and Collaboration for
HW design and prototypes
L. Rossi @ S2RS Workshop - Torino 9 April 2014
Q1-Q3 : R&D, Design, Prototypes
and in-kind USA
D1 : R&D, Design, Prototypes
and in-kind JP
MCBX : Design and Prototype ES
HO Correctors: Design and
Prototypes IT
Q4 : Design and Prototype FRCC : R&D, Design and in-kind USA CC : R&D and Design UK
ATLAS
CMS

15. High Luminosity LHC: and then?
• LHC has been the summit of 30 y of development
• HiLumi LHC is the step beyond LHC in technology
on a «moderate» scale, it is –also- a test bed
• For What?

16. 2000 large magnets of 15-20 T
1500 tons of HEP grade Nb3Sn
500 tons of HTS for magnets
100 tons of SC for Sc links
today

17. with emphasis on proton-proton and electron-positron high-energy frontier machines.
These design studies should be coupled to a vigorous accelerator R&D programme,
including high-field magnets and high-gradient accelerating structures, in
collaboration with national institutes, laboratories and universities worldwide.
“to propose an ambitious post-LHC accelerator project at
CERN by the time of the next Strategy update”
d) CERN should undertake design studies for accelerator projects in a global context,d) CERN should undertake design studies for accelerator projects in a global context,
HFM – HE-LHC / FCC

18. New project under consideration:
FCC: Future Circular Collider
16 T  100 TeV in 100 km
20 T  100 TeV in 80 km
Design Study by 2018 (for next EU
Strategy Update of HEP)
Collision p-p, ions-ions, p-ions but also
e+-e- at 350 GeV and e-p

19. For HE-LHC :injection based on SPS+
Possible use of Tevatron and HERA dipoles…
L. Rossi @ S2RS Workshop - Torino 9 April
2014 19
HE-LHC
Linac4
SPS+
New injectors
optimization

20. 20
Opportunity for MgB2 in FCC or HE-LHC
• Injectors: SC Transmission
line 2 T SC magnets
• Fast cycle medium field
4-5 T dipoles in MgB2
with higher stability?
• Corrector magnets
in highly radiactive zones:
collaboration agreement CERN-INFN for MgB2 corrector
protoytpes includes R&D for MgB2 corrector R&D: if
succesfull can open a way
• However: today the cost of MgB2 is still too high wrt to
NbTi for an accerlator where LHe is not a big issue
L. Rossi @ S2RS Workshop - Torino 9 April 2014

21. The HiLumi LHC Design Study is included in the High Luminosity LHC project and is partly funded by the European
Commission within the Framework Programme 7 Capacities Specific Programme, Grant Agreement 284404.

22. Displacing EPC and DFB in the adjacent TDZ
tunnel ( 500 m away) via SC links
DQR IP7
Q4Q5D3Q6DFBMDFBA
Q11, Q10…Q7
IP 6
D4
4.5 K
8.75 m 1 m Warm magnets (PCs in UJ 76)
RR 73RR 73
L. Rossi @ S2RS Workshop - Torino 9 April
2014
22

23. 23L. Rossi @ S2RS Workshop - Torino 9 April 2014
L = 20 m
(252) 1 kA @ 25 K, LHC Link P7
 = 0.98 mm
 = 65 mm, |Itot|=150 kA