4. -- ic
[in nouns and adjectives]
In nouns: someone who is affected by a particular
unusual condition.
In adjectives: of, like, or related to a particular
thing.
Exp:
Photographic: adj. (=of photography)
an alcoholic: n. (=someone who cannot stop
drinking alcohol)
5. -- ive
[in nouns and adjectives]
someone or something that does something or can
do something
Exp:
a detective: n. (=someone who tries to discover
facts about crimes)
Active: adj. (=always busy doing things, especially
physical activities)
6. -- ize
[in verbs]
1.to put into a particular place:
Exp. She was hospitalized after the accident.
2. to make something have more of a particular quality:
Exp. We need to modernize our procedures. (=make them more
modern)
3. to speak or think in the way mentioned:
I sat and listened to him sermonizing. (=speaking solemnly, as if in a
sermon)
4. to change something to something else, or be changed to
something else:
The liquid crystallized. (=turned intocrystals)
7. -al
• suffix
Of, relating to, or characterized by:
parental.
Action; process: retrieval.
• suffix forming adjectives
of; related to; connected with functional
sectional tonal [from Latin -ālis]
• suffix forming nouns
the act or process of doing what is
indicated by the verb stem rebuttal
recital renewal [via Old French -aille,
-ail, from Latin -ālia, neuter plural used
as substantive, from -ālis -AL1]
• suffix forming nouns
indicating an aldehyde ethanal
8. -ous
• suffix
Possessing; full of; characterized by:
joyous.
Having a valence lower than that of a
specified element in compounds or
ions named with adjectives ending in
-ic: ferrous.
• suffix forming adjectives
having, full of, or characterized by
dangerous spacious languorous
(Chemistry) indicating that an
element is chemically combined in
the lower of two possible valency
states ferrous stannous Compare -ic
[from Old French, from Latin -ōsus or
-us, Greek -os, adj suffixes]
Joyous
9. -ence, -ency +
a suffix that forms nouns;
action, process, state,
quality, or condition of
Absence
Audience
A situation in which someone, or
something, is not available: "The
teacher noted the student's absence
from class for the third time this week."
A group of spectators at a public
event: “The audience clapped their
hands when the singer came out”
Ambience
The typical atmosphere or mood of a
place: “The ambiance of the
restaurant was soothing.”
10. -ate
a suffix occurring in
loanwords from Latin, its
English distribution paralleling
that of Latin. The form
originated as a suffix added
to a- stem verbs to form
adjectives ( separate ).
Delicate
Literate
Fine in texture, quality, construction,
etc.: a delicate lace collar.
Able to read and write. : “We will try to
illustrate literate programming”
Numerate
To represent numbers by symbols:”
They must be highly numerate,
organized with a keen commercial
mind.”
11. Prefix-Mis (WRONG)
Mis: a prefix applied to various parts of speech, meaning
“ill,” “mistaken,” “wrong,” or simply negating: mistrial;
misprint; mistrust; misunderstand.
Eg: Misunderstand: (v.) Fail to interpret or understand (something)
correctly.
12. Prefix-Non
• Non: “not,” freely used as an English formative, usually with a
simple negative force as implying mere negation or absence of
something
• Eg. Non-interference (n.): not interference, the policy or
practice of refraining from interference, especially in political
affairs.
19. First , original
Ex: primary, primitive, primordial.
20. Appoint in the middle
Ex: centralize, centrifuge, eccentric
21. Meaning: one who is, that which is.
Part of speech: adj
E.g. Student, inconsistent, agent
22. Meaning: become, made of or make.
Part of speech: verbs from adj & adj from
nouns.
E.g. wooden, brighten, shorten
23. Suffix---Y---
(a suffix is a part added to the end of the word)
1. -y means “characterized by”(e.g. “healthy”
means “ full of health”
2. Words with suffix –y(e.g. salty, dirty, healthy)
24. -ment
(it is the final element of a word)
i. -ment used to form agent and action nouns from
verbs(e.g. manage—management)
ii. “an action, process, or skill” e.g. management
iii. “a result, object, or agent of an action” e.g.
agreement, enthrallment
iv. “the means or instrument of an action” e.g.
reinforcement, implement
v. “the place of an action” e.g. battlement, settlement
vi. “a state or condition” e.g. predicament
28. 关 注 新 浪 微 博 “ 红 策 划 ” ， Q Q ： 9 1 5 7 7 5 0
word——
Lucidity
❤ clearness of thought or style
❤ a presumed capacity to perceive the truth directly and
instantaneously
celebrity
❤ the state of being ❤ a famous or celebrated person
--ity
29. Happy
Valentine's Day friendship leadership
championship
the state of
being friends
leadership
❤ the office or position
of a leader
❤ the act or an
instance of leading
❤ capacity to lead
30. -ile
• Definition: relating to, capable of
• example: mobile, docile, agile, docile, ductile,
fragile, prehensile, volatile.
31. -ine
• Definition: of or pertaining to, of the nature of
• example: chlorine, heroine, crystalline,
equine, marine.
32. -ify
• Definition: 1 to make something be in a
particular state or condition
• 2 to fill someone with a particular feeling
• 3 informal to do something in a silly or
annoying way
• 4 to make something or someone be like or
typical of a person or group
• example: purify, clarify, terrify, objectify
35. -ness
• Added to adjective to form nouns which refer
to a quality or a condition.
Ex: Calm Calmness
Dark Darkness
Kind Kindness
Sleepless Sleeplessness
36. -ly
/ADV/
1. In the stated way.
Ex: quickly
carefully
angrily
loudly
2. When considered in
the stated way.
Ex: Personally
Environmentally.
/ADJ/
1. Like the stated person
or thing.
2. Describes one of a
series of events which
happen with the
stated regular period
of time between each.
Ex: a daily shower
a weekly meeting
a yearly income.
45. Visibility ( Noun )
Definition : The condition or
fact of being visible.
Example : I couldn’t drive this
morning due to the fog. The
visibility was almost impossible.
Other words: invisible, vision,
visionary, envision
46. Terr ( it means land
)
Terrain: the vertical and
horizontal dimension of land
surface
Example: This terrain is flat.
Other words with terr: territory, E.T.
(extra-terrestrial)
47. Spect (root): to look
• To inspect :
• *to look carefully at or over ; view closely and critically : to inspect every part of
the motor
• *to view or examine formally or officially : The general inspected the troops
• Other words: spectator, spectacle, spectacular, respect, expect, perspective
48. A or AN (prefix): Without
• Atheist [a . the . ist]
• A person who denies or disbelieves in the existence of
a supreme being or beings (A-theist: without G-d)
• Anaemic [a . nae . mic] (adj.) (without blood)
• *relating to or suffering from anaemia
• *pale and sickly looking ; lacking vitality
49. Root : port(to carry)
Transport(to transfer or convey from one
place to another)
Export(to carry or send)
Import(to bring from a foreign or external
source)
Porter
50. Root : graph (to write)
• Photograph (it means “to write on light”
• Graphite(a black lustrous form of carbon)
• Graphic
• Grapheme(a unit as a letter or digraph of a
writing system)
51. Chrono
Meaning “ TIME “ ):
EX,
Chronometer : An instrument for accurately measuring time.
Chronology : The study of historical records to establish the dates
of past events.
A chronic cough: A cough that lasts a long time; a situation that is
not temporary.
Synchronize: To do something at the same exact time
52. DICT
Meaning : the articulation of speech regarded from the
point of view of its intelligibility to the audience.
EX,…
Dictation : The activity of taking down a passage that is read
aloud by a teacher as a test of spelling, writing, or language
skills.
Dictator: A person who tells people what to do in an
autocratic way or who determines behavior in a particular
sphere.
Dictionary, predict, benediction
