The document provides definitions and examples for various prefixes, suffixes, and roots used in the English language. It explains prefixes like "a/an" meaning without, the root "spect" meaning to look, and suffixes like "-ness" forming nouns referring to a quality or condition. Examples are given for terms containing prefixes, suffixes, and roots related to concepts like land ("terr"), sea ("mar"), and foot ("ped").

2. Mortal: humans are mortal so that they’ll die sooner or
later.
The root “mort” means death; immortal means
“without death,” or live forever

3. Sol--alone
Examples: Solo, solitary, isolation, solitaire

4. -- ic
[in nouns and adjectives]
In nouns: someone who is affected by a particular
unusual condition.
In adjectives: of, like, or related to a particular
thing.
Exp:
Photographic: adj. (=of photography)
an alcoholic: n. (=someone who cannot stop
drinking alcohol)

5. -- ive
[in nouns and adjectives]
someone or something that does something or can
do something
Exp:
a detective: n. (=someone who tries to discover
facts about crimes)
Active: adj. (=always busy doing things, especially
physical activities)

6. -- ize
[in verbs]
1.to put into a particular place:
Exp. She was hospitalized after the accident.
2. to make something have more of a particular quality:
Exp. We need to modernize our procedures. (=make them more
modern)
3. to speak or think in the way mentioned:
I sat and listened to him sermonizing. (=speaking solemnly, as if in a
sermon)
4. to change something to something else, or be changed to
something else:
The liquid crystallized. (=turned intocrystals)

7. -al
• suffix
 Of, relating to, or characterized by:
parental.
 Action; process: retrieval.
• suffix forming adjectives
 of; related to; connected with
functionalsectionaltonal [from Latin -
ālis]
• suffix forming nouns
 the act or process of doing what is
indicated by the verb stem
rebuttalrecitalrenewal [via Old French -
aille, -ail, from Latin -ālia, neuter
plural used as substantive, from -ālis-
AL1]
• suffix forming nouns
 indicating an aldehyde ethanal

8. -ous
• suffix
 Possessing; full of; characterized by:
joyous.
 Having a valence lower than that of a
specified element in compounds or
ions named with adjectives ending in
-ic:ferrous.
Joyous
• suffix forming adjectives
 having, full of, or characterized by
dangerous spacious languorous
 (Chemistry) indicating that an
element is chemically combined in
the lower of two possible valency
states ferrous stannous Compare -ic
[from Old French, from Latin -ōsus or
-us, Greek -os,adj suffixes]

9. Absence
A situation in which someone, or
something, is not available: "The
teacher noted the student's absence
from class for the third time this week."
Audience
A group of spectators at a public
event: “The audience clapped their
hands when the singer came out” -ence, -ency +
Ambience
a suffix that forms nouns;
The typical atmosphere or mood of a
action, process, state, qualit
place: “The ambiance of the
y, or condition of
restaurant was soothing.”

10. Delicate
Fine in
texture, quality, construction, etc.: a
delicate lace collar.
Literate
Able to read and write. : “We will try to
illustrate literate programming”
-ate
a suffix occurring in
loanwords from Latin, its
Numerate English distribution paralleling
that of Latin. The form
To represent numbers by symbols:” originated as a suffix added
They must be highly numerate, to a- stem verbs to form
organized with a keen commercial adjectives ( separate ).
mind.”

11. Prefix-Mis (WRONG)
Mis:a prefixappliedto various parts of speech, meaning
“ill,” “mistaken,”“wrong,” or simply negating:
mistrial;misprint;mistrust; misunderstand.
Eg: Misunderstand: (v.) Fail to interpret or understand (something)
correctly.

12. Prefix-Non
• Non: “not,” freely used as an Englishformative, usually with a
simple negative force as implying mere negation or absence of
something
• Eg. Non-interference (n.): not interference, thepolicy or
practice of refraining from interference, especially in
politicalaffairs.

13. EQUI
Equivalent

14. MEDI
Medi : means half of
EX: medieval, medium , median
, mediate and mediator

15. Prefix: Under.
Meaning: beneath, not
enough, lower rank.

16. Prefix: Super.
Meaning:
Over, Above.
e.g.
Superficial wounds
should be cleaned to
avoid infection.

17. -ION
Action or condition
Creation Relation Affection

18. -ISH
Belonging to; having manners or
qualities; somewhat or approximately;
concerned.
Spanish Babyish Freakish

19.  First , original
 Ex: primary, primitive, primordial.

20.  Appoint in the middle
 Ex: centralize, centrifuge, eccentric

21. Meaning: one who is, that which is.
Part of speech: adj
E.g. Student, inconsistent, agent

22. Meaning: become, made of or make.
Part of speech: verbs from adj&adj from
nouns.
E.g. wooden, brighten, shorten

23. Suffix---Y---
(a suffix is a part added to the end of the word)
1. -y means “characterized by”(e.g. “healthy”
means “ full of health”
2. Words with suffix –y(e.g. salty, dirty, healthy)

24. -ment
(it is the final element of a word)
i. -ment used to form agent and action nouns from
verbs(e.g. manage—management)
ii. “an action, process, or skill” e.g. management
iii. “a result, object, or agent of an action” e.g.
agreement, enthrallment
iv. “the means or instrument of an action” e.g.
reinforcement, implement
v. “the place of an action” e.g. battlement, settlement
vi. “a state or condition” e.g. predicament

25. out-
• surpassing, exceeding
outperform, outlast
• external, away from
outhouse

26. Trans-
• across, beyond
transnational
• into a different state
translate

27. Happy
Valentine's Day
SUFFIXES
--ity --ship
❤ lucidity ❤ friendship
❤absorbability ❤ leadership
❤ celebrity ❤ championship
❤credibility ❤partnership

28. --ity
word——
Lucidity
❤ clearness of thought or style
❤ a presumed capacity to perceive the truth directly and
instantaneously
celebrity
❤ the state of being❤ a famous or celebrated person
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29. Happy
Valentine's Day friendship leadership
championship
leadership
❤ the office or position
of a leader
the state of ❤ the act or an
being friends instance of leading
❤ capacity to lead

30. -ile
• Definition: relating to, capable of
• example:
mobile, docile, agile, docile, ductile, fragile, pr
ehensile, volatile.

31. -ine
• Definition: of or pertaining to, of the nature of
• example:
chlorine, heroine, crystalline, equine, marine.

32. -ify
• Definition: 1 to make something be in a
particular state or condition
• 2 to fill someone with a particular feeling
• 3 informal to do something in a silly or
annoying way
• 4 to make something or someone be like or
typical of a person or group
• example: purify, clarify, terrify,objectify

33. Roots
Mar- Meaning
Of the sea
MARINE
MARITIME
SUBMARINE
AQUAMARINE
http://www.abcfondos.com/images/fondo-mar.jpg

34. Roots
Ped- Meaning
foot
PEDESTRIAN
PEDICURE
PEDAL http://i.quizlet.com/i/tS1mordKiWtBv810dmeugQ_m.jpg
PEDICURE
http://www.nails-guide.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/08/pedicure1.jpg

35. -ness
• Added to adjective to form nouns which refer
to a quality or a condition.
Ex: Calm  Calmness
Dark  Darkness
Kind  Kindness
Sleepless Sleeplessness

36. -ly
/ADV/ /ADJ/
1. In the stated way. 1. Like the stated person
Ex: quickly or thing.
carefully 2. Describes one of a
angrily series of events which
happen with the
loudly stated regular period
2. When considered in of time between each.
the stated way. Ex: a daily shower
Ex: Personally a weekly meeting
Environmentally. a yearly income.

37. OB
blocking, against, concealing
Example: obstruct,object

38. ANTI
opposing, against, the opposite
Example:
anti-aircraft, antibiotic, anticlimax,
Antarctic

39. Example: final, finality, finale.

40. Example: thermometer, perimeter,
Chronometer, centimeter.

41. CIRCUL
AROUND
EX/ THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM IS MADE UP OF
THE VESSELS AND THE MUSCLES THAT HELP
AND CONTROL THE FLOW OF THE BLOOD
AROUND THE BODY

42. CIRCUM
AROUND; SURROUNDI NG
EX/ AN INTERACTIVE MATH LESSON TO
CALCULATE THE CIRCUMFERENCE OF A CIRCLE.

43. ANTI-
1. against; opposing
Ex: anti-government, anti-social
2. opposite to
Ex: anticlimax
3.counteracting, inhibiting, or neutralizing
Ex: antifreeze, antihistamine

44. DIS-
1. indicating reversal
Ex: disconnect, disembark
2. indicating negation, lack, or deprivation
Ex: dissimilar, distrust, disgrace
3. indicating removal or release
Ex: disembowel, disburden
4. expressing intensive force
Ex: dissever

45. Visibility ( Noun )
Definition : The condition or
fact of being visible.
Example : I couldn’t drive this
morning due to the fog. The
visibility was almost impossible.
Other words:
invisible, vision, visionary, envis
ion

46. Terr ( it means land
)
Terrain: the vertical and
horizontal dimension of land
surface
Example: This terrain is flat.
Other words with terr: territory, E.T.
(extra-terrestrial)

47. Spect (root): to look
• To inspect :
• *to look carefully at or over ; view closely and critically : to inspect every part of
the motor
• *to view or examine formally or officially : The general inspected the troops
• Other words: spectator, spectacle, spectacular, respect, expect, perspective

48. A or AN (prefix): Without
• Atheist [a . the . ist]
• A person who denies or disbelieves in the existence of
a supreme being or beings (A-theist: without G-d)
• Anaemic [a . nae . mic] (adj.) (without blood)
• *relating to or suffering from anaemia
• *pale and sickly looking ; lacking vitality