The document discusses the key aspects and history of Romanticism in music from the late 18th to early 19th century. Some of the major composers during this period included Franz Schubert, Felix Mendelssohn, Robert Schumann, Richard Wagner, and Frederic Chopin. Romantic music emphasized emotion, imagination, individual expression, and freedom of form compared to the previous Classical period. Orchestras also expanded during this era with the founding of music conservatories across Europe and the United States.

1. Romanticism

4. Definition
Romanticism refers to a movement in art,
literature, and music during the late 18th
century to early 19th century.
Differs from the previous movement,
Enlightenment.
The romantic period is an extended form
about 1820-1900
Romantic period puts unpresented
emphasis on self expression and
individuality of style.

5. Definition
The nineteenth country saw the
founding of music conservatories
in Europe and United States.
The industrial revolution brought
on new social and economic
problems and the rise of
capitalism and socialism.

6. Romanticism
Romanticism in music was essentially an
expansion of existing forms and structure
of the classical music.
Romanticism is a cultural movement that
stressed emotion, imagination and
individualism of emphasized freedom of
expression of all the inspiration for
romantic art.

7. Romanticism
During the romantic period home
was more important than nature.
Composer used classical form
with new meaning , a range of
impressions and emotions
through more varied orchestra
colors extra musical inspiration
and emphasis on the individual.

8. Great musicians of the romantic
period
FRANZ SCHUBERT (1797-1828)
Schubert was a German composer and one
of the originators of the romantic style.
He was a prolific composer and was
considered as the “ GREATEST AMONG
THE POST CLASSICISTS”
At age of 7he become a boy soprano in
the Vienna boys choir and preparatory.

9. The best work of Schubert were
the EARL KING, the WANDERER
,the DOUBLE ,GRETCHEN AT
THE SPINNING WHEELS
,SYLVIA ,THE MILLER’S
BEAUTIFUL DAUGHTER and the
WINDER JOURNEY.
Schubert died in Vienna at the
age of 31.

10. FELIX MENDELSSOHN (1809-1947)
He was a German composer, pianist and
conductor.
 Mendelssohn's compositions
include symphonies, concertos, piano,
music , organ music and chamber music.
 He founded the LEIPZIG CONSERVATORY

11. ROBERT SCHUMAN (1810-
1856)
• He was a German composer and writer
and considered as one of the greatest
leaders of the Romantic Movement
• He compose many piano pieces, opera,
symphonies for piano, violin and Cello
concerto, chamber music and about 250
songs

12. RICHARD WAGNER (1813-
1883)
• He was born in Leipzig and was
considered as the most influential and
controversial composer in the history of
classical music
• Among his famous works were:
 TRISTAN
 ISOLDE
 PARSIFAL
 DIE- MEISTENSINGER
 TOMHAUSER
 RING OF NIBULUNGEN

13. FREDERIC FRANCOIS
CHOPIN (1810-1849)
• He was a Polish composer as the greatest
pianist in Europe the poet of the piano a
fantastic and a genius in the history of
music.

14. Chopin is a famous for the
following
• Ballade - a verse form or narrative that is set to
music
• Etude - a piece composed for the development
of a specific technique
• Mazurka - a Polish dance in triple time signature
• Nocturne - an instrumental composition of a
pensive, dreamy mood for the piano
• Polonaise-a slow polish dance in triple time that
consists of a March or procession
• Preculed - a short piece of music that can be
used as a preface and introduction to another

15. • Waltz - a German dance in triple meter
• Impromptu - a short free - form musical
composition usually for a solo instrument like
piano
• Scherzo- a musical movement of playful
character typically in ABA form
• Sonata - composition for one or more solo
instruments usually consisting of three or four
independent movements varying in key, mood
and tempo

16. Romanticism
Romanticism is characterized by the 5 “I”s
Imagination
Intuition
Idealism
Inspiration
Individuality

17. Imagination
Imagination was emphasized over
“reason.”
This was a backlash against the
rationalism characterized by the
Neoclassical period or “Age of Reason.”
Imagination was considered necessary for
creating all art.
British writer Samuel Taylor Coleridge
called it “intellectual intuition.”

18. Intuition
Romantics placed value on “intuition,” or
feeling and instincts, over reason.
Emotions were important in Romantic art.
British Romantic William Wordsworth
described poetry as “the spontaneous
overflow of powerful feelings.”

19. Idealism
Idealism is the concept that we can make
the world a better place.
Idealism refers to any theory that
emphasizes the spirit, the mind, or
language over matter – thought has a
crucial role in making the world the way it
is.
Immanuel Kant, a German philosopher,
held that the mind forces the world we
perceive to take the shape of space-and-
time.

20. Inspiration
The Romantic artist, musician, or writer,
is an “inspired creator” rather than a
“technical master.”
What this means is “going with the
moment” or being spontaneous, rather
than “getting it precise.”

21. Individuality
Romantics celebrated the individual.
During this time period, Women’s Rights
and Abolitionism were taking root as
major movements.
Walt Whitman, a later Romantic writer,
would write a poem entitled “Song of
Myself”: it begins, “I celebrate myself…”

22. The Orchestra
• The word orchestra was derived from the
Greek term meaning “ a space for the
chorus” located in front of the stage
• The first orchestras were organized at the
royal court of France and Italian churches
and palace during the 1500`s and 1600`s.