Romanticism and nationalism and patriotism

1. ROMANTIC
MUSIC
UNIT III:

2. - 1820 – 1900
- Continued to use the musical forms of
the preceding classical era
- the emotional intensity associated with
ROMANTICISM was already present in
the work of MOZART and particularly
in that of BEETHOVEN, who greatly
influenced composers after him

3. - Music is linked more closely
to the arts, particularly to
literature

4. CHARACTERISTICS:
Use of extreme expressions
and emotions.
A freedom in composing.
Expansion of the orchestra

5. Emphasis on lyrical
melodies.
Love, nature, religion and
nationalism are its main
themes.

6. It focused on the meaning
and purpose behind the
music and its main objective
was to get an emotional
reaction from its audience.

7. NATIONALISM AND EXOTICISM:
Romantic Period Main Features

8. In nationalism, composers
used materials from the
history of their native
country to highlight their
culture.

9. In exoticism, on the other
hand, uses influences from
foreign lands in their
compositions.

10. ROMANTIC MUSIC in terms of…
MELODY & HARMONY
-lyrical, poetic, emotional
and expressive.
-chromatic

11. RHYTHM and TEMPO
- Compound rhythm
- Free rhythm
- Extensive use of accelerandos and
ritardandos
- Rubato or the subtle rhythmic
manipulation and nuance became
popular.

12. DYNAMICS
- frequent use of crescendos and
decrescendos
- Extreme use of ff (very loud) to ffff (as
loudly as possible); and
- pp (very soft) to pppp (as softly as
possible)

13. TONE COLOR (TEXTURE)
-Diverse mood and emotions
-Enlargement of orchestra to
a richer tone color.

14. https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=UodEEci_w5E
by
ROBERT SCHUMANN

15. ~VOCAL FORMS~

16. ART SONG
- a composition for a solo voice or
piano.
- vocal piece or work that place
great importance on the written
text or symbolic meaning of the text

17. ART SONG
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v
=-ro__
prOK2Y&list=PL9p9Wc00_St8
riPGvPEj1Lnnr4CFJ0NAO

18. SYMPHONIC POEM
- Also called “Tone Poem”
developed by Franz Liszt.
- An orchestral piece that
portrayed a story or had a
literary or artistic background.

19. SYMPHONIC POEM
- Also known as Tone Poem
- Usually a single-movement orchestral
form that develops a poetic idea, tells
a story, suggest a scene and creates a
mood.
- Became the most prominent vehicle
for program music in the Romantic
era.

20. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6rL0u-8nyp4
SYMPHONIC POEM

21. MUSICAL
INSTRUMENTS
(80-100)

22.  PIANO
- Invented by BARTOLOMEO
CRISTOFORI.
- It can produced both soft and
loud sound unlike harpsichord
and the organ.

23.  STRING INSTRUMENTS
- Classical instruments were still
used.
- Grew in number to balance
the sound from the other
group of the instruments.

24.  WOODWIND INSTRUMENTS
- Composers added the flute,
clarinet, oboe, English horn
and piccolo

25.  BRASS INSTRUMENTS
 PERCUSSION INSTRUMENTS
- gongs, bass drum and snare
drums were added.
- Timpani is always used in the
orchestra.

26. Instrumental
Music

27.  Program Music
- gongs, bass drum and snare is music
based on a specific narrative.
- Intended to evoke extra-musical
ideas or images in the mind of the
listener, by musically depicting
scene, theme, events, or literary
text.

28.  Program Music
- Flourished in the Romantic Era.

29. Famous
Composers

30.  Ludwig Van Beethoven
• Bridge between the Classical and
Romantic eras.
• Deaf later in life but continued
composing.
• Style: Powerful emotions, expanded
symphonic structure.

31.  Ludwig Van Beethoven
• Famous Works:
• Symphony No. 9 (“Choral”)
• Symphony No. 5 in C minor
• Piano Sonata No. 14 (“Moonlight
Sonata”)

32.  Franz Schubert
 Austrian composer; master
of the art song (Lied).
 His songs told stories of
love, nature, and death.

33.  Franz Schubert
• Famous Works:
• Erlkönig
• Ave Maria
• Unfinished Symphony

34.  Robert Schumann
 German composer and
music critic
 Wrote piano works inspired
by poetry and love for his
wife Clara

35.  Robert Schumann
• Famous Works:
• Carnaval
• Scenes from Childhood
• Piano Concerto in A minor

36. Felix Mendelssohn
• German composer who
blended Classical clarity
with Romantic emotion

37. Felix Mendelssohn
• Famous Works:
• Wedding March (from A Midsummer
Night’s Dream)
• Violin Concerto in E minor
• Songs Without Words

38. Frederic Chopin
• Polish composer known as the
“Poet of the Piano.”
• Wrote almost exclusively for the
piano

39. Frederic Chopin
• Famous Works
• Nocturnes
• Etudes
• Polonaise
Style: Elegant melodies, nationalistic
Polish spirit, Emotional depth.

40. Franz Liszt
• Hungarian pianist and
showman; greatest virtuoso of
his time.
• Created the symphonic poem,
a one-movement orchestral
work with a story.

41. Franz Liszt
• Famous Works:
• Hungarian Rhapsodies
• Liebestraum
• Les Preludes

42. Franz Liszt
• Famous Works:
• Hungarian Rhapsodies
• Liebestraum
• Les Preludes