Romania is located in southeastern Europe. It has a population of around 20 million people and its capital and largest city is Bucharest. Romania has a continental climate with cold winters and hot summers. The Carpathian Mountains extend over much of the country and the Danube River flows through Romania. Romania joined the EU in 2007 but still faces issues with corruption. Rural and urban poverty remain problems, especially for the Roma minority who experience high levels of discrimination.

1. ROMANIA

2. WHERE IS ROMANIA?

3. BACKGROUND
There are currently 19,963,581 people living in Romania.
Romanian is the official language of Romania.
The capital city is Bucharest.
Romania is the twelfth largest country in Europe.
The Romanian leu is the currency used.

4. CLIMATE
• Romania’s climate can be described as continental.
• In Bucharest, the temperature ranges from average low −5 °C
(23 °F) in January to average high 29 °C (84.2 °F) in July.
• The average annual temperature is 11 degrees C.

5. PHYSICAL LANDSCAPE
• With an area of 238,391 square kilometres (92,043 sq mi), Romania is
the biggest country in southeastern Europe.
• The largest mountain range in Romania are the Carpathian
Mountains.
• They extend over 600 miles.
• Moldoveanu Peak, at 2,544 metres, is the highest mountain in
Romania.
• The Danube is the longest river in Romania. It travels about 1,075
kilometers, almost 40% of its length, through Romania.

6. BUCHAREST

7. COUNTRYSIDE

8. ROMANIA AND THE EU
• Romania joined the EU in 2007.
• While Romania was admitted, concerns about corruption and
organised crime were still high. As a result they were subject to
monitoring by the EU.
• However, during the 2000s Romania had one of the highest
economic growth rates of Europe.
• When the boom collapsed Romania suffered heavily.
• This led to Romania heavily borrowing, eventually becoming
the largest debtor to the International Monetary Fund in 2010.

9. HOW THE EU AFFECTED ROMANIA
• It was initially supposed to last for three years but has
continued indefinitely and although it has highlighted the
corruption and applied some pressure to continue reforms, it
has not succeeded in forcing the country to complete reform
and corruption persists.

10. RURAL POVERTY IN ROMANIA
• 44% of Romania’s population live in the countryside.
• Development reports estimate that 38 % of these rural people
live in poverty.
• The country’s poor people are small farmers, unemployed
rural workers and women who are heads of households. The
poorest people live in remote mountainous areas, where
infrastructure and social services are lacking.

11. RURAL POVERTY IN ROMANIA

12. URBAN POVERTY IN ROMANIA
• Urban women with one or two young children, and individuals
with little labour market experience and secondary school
education, are having the most difficult time getting
employed.

13. ROMA GYPSIES
The Romani are Romania's most socially and
economically disadvantaged minority, with high
illiteracy levels. The unofficial number of Romani
people in Romania is said to be as much as
850.000.
The Romani people, and the Romani language,
have their origin in northern India.

14. DECADE OF ROMA INCLUSION
• The EU launched a program entitled Decade of Roma Inclusion in
2005 to combat discrimination against the Romani people.
• The 12 countries taking part in the Decade of Roma Inclusion are
Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic,
Hungary, Macedonia, Montenegro, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, and
Spain.
• All of these countries have significant Romani minorities, and the
Romani minority has been rather disadvantaged, both economically
and socially.

15. DECADE OF ROMA INCLUSION
• The Roma Education Fund (REF), a central component of the
initiative, was established in 2005 with the mission of
expanding educational opportunities for Romani communities
in Central and South-eastern Europe.
• REF's goal is to contribute to closing the gap in educational
outcomes between Roma and non-Roma.
• Change in employment rates for Roma and non-Roma
women, and in the ratio between them, 2004-2011:

16. ROMA PEOPLE