Nurses play a vital role in disaster relief by providing immediate care to victims, coordinating with government agencies and voluntary organizations to set up treatment camps, and ensuring human rights and equal treatment are respected regardless of social characteristics. They are responsible for relief efforts and alternative treatment options, and must prepare communities for disasters through education, lobbying for resources, and participating in strategic planning. Hospitals also need detailed disaster plans outlining responsibilities, management procedures, and principles for mobilizing staff and resources to effectively treat a large number of victims.