PPT presentation for 1º ESO Natural Sciences subject. Unit 6: Rocks

1. 1º ESO – Natural Sciences

2. What are rocks?
 What are rocks made up of?
They are made up of minerals
 Can you name some things that granite and marble
are used for?
Floors, hobs, sculptures…
To make up: formar, estar compuesto
Marble: mármol
Hob: encimera (de la cocina)

3. Types of rocks
 Sedimentary
 Metamorphic
 Igneous (it comes from the latin word “Ignis” that
means “fire”). In spanish: magmáticas
Did you know? Oil and coal are called fossil fuels. They are
the most important energy resources for the planet.
To mean: significar, querer decir (una palabra)
Oil: petróleo (cuando está en el yacimiento)
Coal: carbón

4. Sedimentary rocks
 Detrital rocks: are made up of fragments of rocks
that are stuck together.
 Chemical sedimentary rocks: are made of mineral
crystals from oceans, lakes and groundwater that
have dissolved in water.
 Organic rocks: are made of plants and animal
remains which have been transformed into minerals.
To be stuck: estar incrustado, compactado
Groundwater: Agua subterránea
Animal remains: restos de animales

5. Classification of sedimentary rocks
Fragments of
Conglomerate rocks ans some Round or angular
sand
Sandstone Grains break off
Detrital Small grains if scratched
(arenisca) (arañado)
Clay Smell like wet
Very small grains
(arcilla) earth when wet
Limestone Chemical Reacts to acids
reaction/calcium by producing
(caliza) carbonate bubbles
Gypsum Very soft.
Chemical Scratched with
(yeso) fingernail (uña)
Evaporation of
water deposits
Rock salt Tastes salty
Remains of land
Coal Soft, black
vegetation
Organic
Remains of
Thick (espeso),
Oil plants and
black, liquid
animals

6. Classification of sedimentary rocks
Detrital: CONGLOMERATES

7. Classification of sedimentary rocks
Detrital: SANDSTONES

8. Classification of sedimentary rocks
Detrital: CLAY

9. Classification of sedimentary rocks
Chemical: LIMESTONES

10. Classification of sedimentary rocks
Chemical: GYPSUM

11. Classification of sedimentary rocks
Chemical: SALT

12. Classification of sedimentary rocks
Organic: COAL

13. Classification of igneous rocks
Magma cools
Plutonic Intrusive slowly over Large crystals Granite
thousands of years
Basalt
Lava cools rapidly
Volcanic Extrusive Tiny crystals
on the surface
Pumice
 What is magma? Is the melted material from below
the Earth’s crust. It consists of silicates, water and
gases.
 What is lava? Is magma on the Earth’s crust.
To cool: enfriar
Below: debajo

14. Classification of igneous rocks
GRANITO BASALTO PIEDRA PÓMEZ

15. Classification of metamorphic rocks
 Formed by slow process in the deep of the Earth,
caused by high temperature and pressure, that
change rock into metamorphic rocks. Parent rocks
can be sedimentary, igneous or other metamorphic
rocks, without melting.
From sedimentary rocks: Slate (foliated),
Marble (non-foliated)
Deep (adjetivo): profundo Parent rock: roca matriz, roca origen
Deep (sustantivo): profundidad Without: sin
Into: En

16. Classification of metamorphic rocks