2. •January 28, 1890- Rizal left Paris to
Brussels
•Brussels-capital city of Belgium
REASONS WHY RIZAL LEAVE PARIS:
•Costly living of Paris due to international
exposition.
•The gay social life in Paris may hampered
his literary works for his second novel, “El
Filibusterismo”.
3. •Being a Physician, he spent
part of his time in the
medical clinics.
•For recreation, he had
gymnastics at the gymnasium
and target practice and
fencing at the armory.
4. LIFE IN BRUSSELS
• Jose Albert - accompanied Rizal when he moved to Brussels and lived in
a modest boarding house.
• Jose Alejandrino- an engineering student who replaced Jose Albert after
he left the city.
RIZAL’S ARTICLES IN LA SOLIDARIDAD
1.“La Verdad Para Todos” (The Truth for All)- May 31, 1889,
first article written in La Solidaridad
2.“Verdades Nuevas” (New Truths)- July 31, 1889
3.“Una Profanacion” (A Profanation)- July 31, 1889, biting
attack against the friars for refusing to bury Mariano Hermosa
in the catholic cemetery because he was a brother-in-law of
Rizal.
5. 4. “Diferencias” (Differences)- September 15, 1889
5. “Filipina dentro de Cien Anos” (The Philippines a Century Hence)-
published serially on September 30, October 31, December 15, 1889 and
February 1, 1890, a prophecy that someday the Filipinos will rise in
revolution against Spain and win their Independence but later the
Philippines hall come under the rule of the united states
6. “Ingratitude” (Ingratitude)- January 15, 1890, a reply to the Governor
General Weyler who says to the people of Laguna province “should not let
themselves be deceived by the vain promises of the underground sons”
7. “Sin Nombre” (Without Name)- February 28, 1890
8. “Sobre la Nueva Ortografia de la Linga Tagala” (On the New
Orthography of the Tagalog Language)- April 15, 1890, advocating the use
of new spelling in Tagalog.
9. “Cosas de Filipinas” (Things about the Philippines)- April 30, 1890.
10. “Sobre la Indolencia de los Filipinos” (On the Indolence of the
Filipinos)- July 15-September 15, 1890, a brilliant essay in defense of the
Filipino Indolence
6. RIZAL CRITICIZES MADRID FILIPINOS FOR
GAMBLING
• Juan Luna and Valentin Ventura- sent the news to
Rizal that Filipino in Spain were destroying the good
name of their nation by gambling too much.
• The gambling Filipinos in Madrid were angry when
they learned of Rizal’s moralizing. Therefore, they
called Rizal “Papa” instead of “Pepe”
7. BAD NEWS FROM HOME
• The Calamba agrarian trouble was getting worse
• The Dominican Hacienda continually raised the land rents until such time
that Rizal’s father refused to pay his rent.
• The Dominican Order filed a suit in court to dispossess the Rizal family of
their lands, and the tenants (including Rizal’s family) were persecuted
and ejected from their lands.
• Paciano and his brothers-in-law were deported to other places.
June 6, 1890- From Brussels, he wrote to his
sister Soledad.
8. PRESENTATION OF DEATH
• Rizal had dreams during the night in Brussels when he
was restless because he was always thinking of his
unhappy family in Calamba.
• He feared that he would not live long
• He was not afraid to die, he wanted to finish his 2nd
novel before he went to his grave.
• This morbid presentiment of early death, Rizal
divulged to M.H. del Pilar and wrote a letter dated
June 11, 1890.
• Laong Laan (Ever ready)
9. PREAPARATION TO GO HOME
• June 20, 1890- after hearing that Graciano is planning to go to Cuba,
Rizal wrote to Ponce opposing Graciano’s plan of action.
• July 18, 1890- in another letter to Ponce, he expressed his
determination to go home
On to Madrid, Instead of
Home
• A letter from Paciano- related that they lost the case against the
Dominicans in Manila.
• June 20, 1890- Rizal wrote to M.H. del Pilar retaining the latter’s
services as lawyer, and he further informed del Pilar that he was
going to Madrid in order to supervise the handling of the case.
• July 29, 1890- in another letter to Ponce (written in Brussels) ,
Rizal announced that he was leaving Brussels at the beginning of
the following month and would arrive about 3rd to 4th of August.
10. ROMANCE WITH SUZANNE JACOBY
2 Things brought some measure of cheer to the
despondent Rizal:
• The summertime festival of Belgium, which was
celebrated in carnival style, with colorful costumes,
fantastic floats, and many days of merriment
• His romance with Suzanne Jacoby, the petite niece of his
landladies
------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------
• Like any other women, Suzanne fell in with Rizal.
• She cried when he left toward the end of July, 1890 for
Madrid.
11. “TO MY MUSE” (1890)
• It was against a background of mental anguish in Brussels, during those
sad days when he was worried by family disasters, that he wrote his
pathetic poem
