For Pharm D students

1. Group No. 6
 M. Faisal 5051321097
 M. Aqib Aslam 5051321075
 Aamir Yaqoob 5051321089
 Waqas Ahmad 5051321087
 Dilawar Hussain 5051321061
 M. Usama 5051321094
 M. Ayub 5051321076
Hospital Pharmacy

2. Revolutionizing
Hospital Pharmacy
Through
Technological
Advancements

3. CONTENTS
6. Patient Views on Digital Pharmacy
5. Technology-Enabled Antimicrobial
Stewardship Programs (ASPs)
9. Implementation Challenges and Solutions
3. Current Technological Innovations
1. Introduction to Pharmacy Technology
Transformation
7. Emerging Technologies and Future Trends 8. Digital Health Policy & Hospital Pharmacy
2. Historical Development of Hospital Pharmacy
Technology
4. Impact on Key Pharmacy Metrics
10. Case Studies of Successful Implementations
11. Environmental Impact of Pharmacy
Technology
12. Future Directions in Pharmacy Technology
13. Risk Awareness 14. Conclusion and Call to Action

4. 01
Introduction to Pharmacy Technology
Transformation

5. Digital Transformation
Modern Innovations
Modern innovations are enhancing every aspect of pharmacy practice from
inventory management to patient counseling
Advancements
These advancements lead to measurable improvements in medication safety,
workflow efficiency, and clinical outcomes
The Digital Evolution of
Medication Management
Technology has fundamentally transformed hospital pharmacy operations from
manual processes to sophisticated digital systems

6. 3
Discussion of
implementation challenges
and future trends
Historical journey
1
Journey through historical
developments that shaped
modern pharmacy
technology
Presentation Overview
2
Current innovations
Real-world case studies
demonstrating successful
technology integration
4
Case studies
Examination of current
innovations like robotics and
AI applications
Future trends

7. Historical Development of Hospital Pharmacy
Technology
02

8. Manual
operations
Early Pharmacy Practices (Pre-1980s)
Higher incidence of
medication errors due
to manual processes
Intensive focus on
compounding and
basic dispensing
functions
Limited clinical
involvement in patient
care decisions
Completely manual
operations with
handwritten
prescriptions and
paper records
Compounding
focus
Medication
errors
Limited
involvement

9. 1
First-gen systems
3
Gradual shift from purely operational to more
clinical pharmacy services
Development of basic electronic medication
administration records
Computerization Revolution (1980s-2000s)
4
Clinical shift
Early automation of medication ordering and
dispensing
EMAR development
Early automation
2
Introduction of first-generation pharmacy
information systems

10. Era Key Developments Impact
2010-2015 EHR integration, basic robotics Reduced transcription errors
2015-2020 Advanced CDSS, Telepharmacy Enhanced clinical decision making
2020-Present AI/ML, Blockchain, IoT Predictive analytics and personalized
medicine
Modern Digital Transformation (2010s-Present)

11. Current Technological Innovations
03

12. Integrated at every
dispensing step
•Ensures right drug, right
dose, right patient at every
point
3
Automated medication
packing with 99.9%
accuracy rates
•Reduces human error in
medication preparation
and dispensing
Barcode verification
Packaging solutions
1
Robotic filling
2
Automated medication
labeling and unit-dose
packaging
•Standardizes medication
presentation and reduces
waste
4
Automated Dispensing Systems
Automated storage and
retrieval for fast
medication access
•Optimizes space
utilization in pharmacy
departments
Carousel systems

13. 3
Automated alerts
2
Real-time access
1
Predictive analytics for adverse drug
event prevention.
Machine learning identifies high-risk
patients.
Electronic Health Records & Clinical Decision
Support
Real-time access to comprehensive
patient medication histories
•Integrates data across multiple care
settings
Predictive analytics
•Drug-drug interactions (over 200,000
known pairs monitored)
•Allergy contraindications
•Dose range checking
•Therapeutic duplication

14. Improves chronic condition
management through follow-
up checks.
Virtual counseling
3
Monitoring and Follow-up
Telepharmacy Solutions
4
Enhances patient
engagement and adherence
through virtual counseling.
Ensures medication
management and
consultation in remote areas.
2
1
24/7 coverage
Remote Access to Services
24/7 pharmacy coverage
extension for small hospitals

15. 04
Impact on Key Pharmacy Metrics

16. Dispensing errors
Near-elimination of wrong-drug/wrong-
dose dispensing errors
CDSS decrease
66% reduction in medication errors with
barcode administration
Barcode reduction
72% improvement in allergy alert
compliance
58% decrease in adverse drug events
through Clinical Decision Support
System.
Medication Safety Improvements
Allergy compliance
4
1 2
3

17. Cost reduction
30% reduction in
pharmacy labor costs for
routine tasks.
Allows reallocation of
staff to clinical services.
40% faster medication
turnaround times.
Improves patient
satisfaction and outcomes.
Inventory efficiency
25% improvement in
inventory turnover rates.
Reduces carrying costs and
waste.
Medication speed
60% decrease in
medication waste.
Significant cost savings for
health systems.
Operational Efficiency Gains
Waste decrease

18. 15% improvement in medication
adherence rates
Hospital readmissions
Health outcomes
Clinical Outcomes Enhancement
Significant improvements in:
•Antimicrobial stewardship metrics
•Chronic disease management outcomes
•Transitional care medication
reconciliation
20% reduction in hospital readmissions
related to medications
Medication adherence
2
3
1

19. 05
Technology-Enabled Antimicrobial
Stewardship Programs (ASPs)

20. 70%
25% 200K
AI reduces inappropriate antibiotic use by
25% via EHR-integrated misuse alerts.
Resistance tracking Cost savings
AI in Antimicrobial Stewardship
Real-time alerts
Machine learning predicts resistance
patterns, helping hospitals tailor
formularies proactively.
Hospitals save $200K annually by
optimizing antibiotic choices using AI-
driven analytics.

21. 50%
1.5 days 70%
AI-supported ASPs cut ICU stays by 1.5
days by avoiding ineffective antibiotics.
Length of stay reduction
ASPs & Hospital Outcomes
Pharmacist role shift
Clinical trials integration
70% of pharmacists spend less time on
audits and more on patient education.
50% of ASPs now use trial data to update
local guidelines quarterly.

22. 5% to 0.1% 2 hours to 30 minutes
$500K initial, $1.2M yearly savings
Turnaround time
Cost analysis
Error rate comparison
Automated systems reduce dispensing
errors via barcode checks
Manual vs. Automated Pharmacy
Automated pharmacy systems significantly improve efficiency, accuracy, and cost-effectiveness compared to manual processes. Key
benefits include reduced error rates, substantial cost savings, and faster turnaround times for patients.
Initial automation costs $500K but saves
$1.2M yearly in labor and error-related
expenses
Robot-assisted dispensing cuts wait times
for discharged patients

23. 06
Patient Views on Digital Pharmacy

24. 40%
72%
68%
55%
Survey on Patient Trust
of elderly patients resist due to tech complexity, while younger
users appreciate dose reminders.
use wearables (e.g., smartwatches) for medication tracking, though
rural access lags by 30%.
of patients trust telehealth for medication advice, citing
convenience and reduced travel time as key benefits.
Telepharmacy reliability
Virtual counseling acceptance
Smart pill bottle adoption
prefer refills via apps, but concerns remain about accuracy without
face-to-face interaction.
Wearable tech in adherence

25. 20%
30%
25%
Multilingual support need
25% of rural patients lack stable internet,
hindering telepharmacy access despite high
demand.
Only 30% over 65 can navigate apps
independently, requiring family or
caregiver support.
Elderly tech barriers
Non-English speakers show 20% lower
engagement due to limited language
options in digital tools.
Rural connectivity gaps
Digital Literacy Challenges

26. 07
Emerging Technologies and Future Trends

27. Artificial Intelligence Applications
Pill identification
Image recognition for
automated.
Reduces medication
identification errors.
Personalized algorithms.
Incorporates pharmacogenomics
and clinical factors.
Predictive using machine
learning.
Anticipates medication
needs based on historical
patterns.
Natural language processing
for.
Automated note generation
from pharmacist
consultations
Medication dosing
Inventory
management
Clinical
documentation

28. Drug ID
Tamper-proof prescription
records.
Supply chain
Secure medication supply
chain tracking.
Smart contracts for prior
authorization automation.
Blockchain Technology Implementations
Counterfeit drug
identification systems.
Authorization
Prescription
2
1 4
3

29. Smart with adherence tracking
Prescription bottles
Advanced Patient Engagement Tools
Chatbot assistants
Wearable monitoring Medication counseling
Virtual reality education platforms
VR medication
Drug patches
1
3
2
4

30. Digital Health Policy & Hospital Pharmacy
08

31. 60% 15%
45%
Recent health policies and technological advancements have significantly impacted the healthcare sector. The FDA digital guidance
ensures AI tools meet safety standards, increasing provider confidence. The HITECH Act has boosted EHR adoption in pharmacies, while
HIPAA compliance enhances patient trust at the cost of additional operational expenses.
Health Policy & Tech Adoption
Incentives for EHR adoption increased
digital recordkeeping in pharmacies by
60% since 2010.
Regulations ensure AI-powered tools meet
safety standards, boosting provider
confidence by 45%.
Strict data privacy laws raise patient trust
but add 15% operational costs for small
pharmacies.
FDA digital guidance HITECH Act impact HIPAA compliance

32. 20%
90% 35%
Federally mandated data sharing improved
care coordination but face vendor
compatibility issues.
Global Digital Recordkeeping
US interoperability rules
EU’s eHealth mandate
Liability debates persist when AI suggests
treatments; 35% of clinicians override
recommendations.
90% of EU hospitals use digital
prescriptions, reducing errors by 20%
compared to paper systems.
AI legal concerns

33. Implementation Challenges and Solutions
09

34. 4
Interoperability
Capital investment
Cybersecurity
Staff resistance
1
Common Adoption Barriers
Maintenance costs
5
Cybersecurity vulnerabilities.
Comprehensive risk assessment and mitigation.
Interoperability issues between systems.
API-based integration solutions.
Ongoing maintenance and upgrade costs.
Total cost of ownership planning.
High initial capital investment requirements.
ROI justification for executive buy-in.
Staff resistance to workflow changes.
Change management strategies for adoption
3
2
6 Integration Issues
Ensuring that new technologies integrate smoothly with
existing systems can pose significant challenges for
hospital pharmacies.

35. Strategy Implementation Approach Expected Outcome
Phased Rollout Pilot testing with gradual expansion Minimized disruption
Change Management Comprehensive training programs Increased user adoption
Vendor Partnership Collaborative implementation teams Smoother integration
Continuous Evaluation Regular metrics assessment Ongoing optimization
Successful Implementation Strategies

36. Case Studies of Successful Implementations
10

37. Installed 15 robotic dispensing units
across hospital
ROI
ROI achieved in 2.3 years through labor
savings
Error reduction
Robotic units
Robotic Dispensing System - Massachusetts
General Hospital
Achieved 92% reduction in dispensing
errors
Pharmacist time
Increased pharmacist time for clinical
services by 35%
2
4
1
3

38. ED visits reduction
Improved compliance with antimicrobial
guidelines
Serves 17 rural hospitals across Midwest
Telepharmacy Network - Mayo Clinic Health
System
24/7 pharmacy coverage achieved
Service coverage
40% reduction in medication-related ED
visits
Compliance improved
Pharmacy coverage
2
1
3
4

39. Waste reduction
Reduced stockouts by 78%
Medication prediction
Stockout reduction
2
4
Machine learning predicts medication demand
AI-Powered Inventory Management - Johns
Hopkins
$1.2M annual savings in drug costs
3
1
Decreased expired medications by 62%
Cost savings

40. 11
Environmental Impact of Pharmacy Technology

41. Automated systems' footprint
E-Waste & Energy Use
Data center demands Lifecycle management
EHRs and cloud-based systems increase
energy use; green data centers and
renewable energy adoption can mitigate
this.
Pharmacy robots and dispensing
machines contribute to e-waste and high
energy consumption, requiring
sustainable disposal and energy-efficient
designs.
Regular tech upgrades generate obsolete
devices; hospitals should partner with e-
waste recyclers to minimize landfill
impact.

42. 2
Switching to biodegradable or reusable medication packaging cuts plastic
waste; some EU hospitals lead in this practice.
Smart inventory systems
Eco-Friendly Practices
1
Recyclable packaging
3
Digital vs. paper records
AI-driven inventory reduces overstocking, minimizing expired drug waste
and associated disposal hazards.
Transitioning to EHRs reduces paper waste but requires energy; balanced
strategies like optimized printing are key.

43. Tech tools teach patients proper home
disposal (e.g., take-back programs),
preventing environmental contamination.
Machine learning analyzes disposal
patterns to optimize drug purchasing and
reduce unused medication waste.
Smart disposal bins
Patient education apps
Sustainable Medication Disposal
AI-powered waste audits
RFID-equipped bins track and
segregate hazardous drugs, ensuring
safe, eco-friendly disposal per
regulatory standards.
1
2
3

44. 12
Future Directions in Pharmacy Technology

45. Therapeutic Drug
Monitoring.
Wearable sensors providing
real-time drug levels.
3D printed
Guided prescribing
Genetic testing
integration with medication
selection
Pharmacogenomics AI-driven
Personalized Medicine Integration
2
Monitoring
4
1
Treatment optimization.
Machine learning models
For individualized
therapy
Personalized dosage forms.
On-demand manufacturing
of patient-specific
formulations.
3

46. Emergency medication delivery via
drones.
Sterile compounding
Automated inpatient medication
distribution.
Voice systems
Expanded Automation
Capabilities
Robotic IV preparation with zero
human intervention.
Drone delivery
Medication robots
Voice-activated pharmacy systems.

47. 2
1
Health surveillance
3
Risk modeling
Advanced Analytics
Applications
Predictive for adverse events
Population health
Therapy optimization
4
Real-time public
Precision medication
Medication
management

48. 13
Risk Awareness

49. Overreliance on algorithms may erode
staff’s manual calculation skills; regular
'tech-free' drills maintain competency.
Cybersecurity threats
Ransomware attacks disrupt pharmacy
ops; encrypted backups and staff phishing
training reduce vulnerabilities.
AI dependency
EHR crashes can halt medication
orders; backup paper forms and
offline protocols are essential
safeguards.
Downtime delays
Tech Failure Risks
3
1
2

50. Backup protocols
Simulation drills
Quarterly downtime rehearsals prepare teams to switch to manual workflows
without compromising patient care.
Redundant systems
Failover servers and localized networks ensure critical functions (e.g., narcotic
tracking) remain operational.
Hospitals must stock emergency paper charts and manual dispensing tools to
operate during extended outages.
Contingency Measures

51. Firewalls, intrusion detection, and endpoint security protect sensitive patient
data from breaches.
Regular updates
1 Layered defenses
Prompt patching of pharmacy software closes exploits; automated update
systems reduce human oversight gaps.
Access controls
Role-based permissions limit EHR/modification rights to authorized staff,
preventing internal misuse.
3
Cybersecurity in Pharmacy
2

52. 14
Conclusion and Call to Action

53. 1
Adoption requires careful planning but delivers significant
4
Key Takeaways
3
Future promise
Quality gains
Strategic ROI
2
is transforming every aspect of hospital pharmacy practice
Current implementations demonstrate measurable quality and efficiency
Technology impact
Innovations promise even greater improvements in patient care

54. Funding
Establish metrics for
continuous improvement
Roadmap Teams
Conduct comprehensive
technology needs assessment
Secure executive leadership
buy-in and funding
5
Metrics
2
1
Needs assessment
4
3
Build multidisciplinary
implementation teams
Recommended Next Steps
Develop 3-5 year digital
transformation roadmap

55. 1 2
Continue to Innovate
Thank You for Your Attention
Let's focus on improving patient
care.
Pharmacy's contribution in
healthcare is vital.
Enhance Pharmacy Role