Resonance structures demonstrate one of the weakn.pdf
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Resonance structures demonstrate one of the weaknesses of the Lewis structure. Molecules represented by a the Lewis structure either have single bonds, double bonds, or triple bonds. The multiple bonds can sometimes be drawn in more than one place. In reality, the multiple bond is averaged out over the molecule, so that all of the atoms may have a 1 1/2 bond or a 1 1/3 bond rather than a single or a double bond. Solution Resonance structures demonstrate one of the weaknesses of the Lewis structure. Molecules represented by a the Lewis structure either have single bonds, double bonds, or triple bonds. The multiple bonds can sometimes be drawn in more than one place. In reality, the multiple bond is averaged out over the molecule, so that all of the atoms may have a 1 1/2 bond or a 1 1/3 bond rather than a single or a double bond..
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Covalent bonds are formed when atoms share electrons. There are different types of covalent bonds including single, double, and triple bonds. A single covalent bond is formed when two atoms share one electron pair, while double and triple bonds share two and three electron pairs respectively. Covalent bonds allow molecules like water to form, with oxygen at the center sharing electrons from each hydrogen atom.
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Xs mothers fourth child was X. the question its.pdf
X\'s mothers fourth child was X. the question itself says everything buddy... check
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Solution
X\'s mothers fourth child was X. the question itself says everything buddy... check
it once.
Types of Fluoride Additives Community water syst.pdf
Types of Fluoride Additives Community water systems in the United States use
one of three additives for water fluoridation. Decisions on which additive to use are based on
cost of product, product-handling requirements, space availability, and equipment. The three
additives are: * Fluorosilicic acid: a water-based solution used by most water fluoridation
programs in the United States. Fluorosilicic acid is also referred to as hydrofluorosilicate, FSA,
or HFS. * Sodium fluorosilicate: a dry additive, dissolved into a solution before being added to
water. * Sodium fluoride: a dry additive, typically used in small water systems, dissolved into a
solution before being added to water. Back to top Sources of Fluoride Additives Most fluoride
additives used in the United States are produced from phosphorite rock. Phosphorite is used
primarily in the manufacture of phosphate fertilizer. Phosphorite contains calcium phosphate
mixed with limestone (calcium carbonates) minerals and apatite—a mineral with high phosphate
and fluoride content. It is refluxed (heated) with sulfuric acid to produce a phosphoric acid-
gypsum (calcium sulfate-CaSO4) slurry. The heating process releases hydrogen fluoride (HF)
and silicon tetrafluoride (SiF4) gases which are captured by vacuum evaporators. These gases are
then condensed to a water-based solution of 23% FSA with the remainder as water.
Approximately 95% of FSA used for water fluoridation comes from this process. The remaining
5% of FSA is generated during the manufacture of hydrogen fluoride or from the use of
hydrogen fluoride in the manufacturing of solar panels and electronics. Since the early 1950s,
FSA has been the chief additive used for water fluoridation in the United States. The favorable
cost and high purity of FSA make it a popular source. Sodium fluorosilicate and sodium fluoride
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community drinking water, as specified in the Safe Drinking Water Act. On the basis of the
scientific study of potential adverse health effects from contaminated water, the EPA sets a
Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) concentration allowed for various organisms or
substances. Although EPA does not specifically regulate levels of “direct additives,” which are
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MCL limit includes the levels natura.
This is blue because ion absorbs yellow radiation.pdf
This is blue because ion absorbs yellow radiation and transmits blue radiation
unchanged. As we know that copper is a transition metal and we also know that all transition
metals have coloured compounds due to their partially filled d orbitals. I hope you get it Please
rate
Solution
This is blue because ion absorbs yellow radiation and transmits blue radiation
unchanged. As we know that copper is a transition metal and we also know that all transition
metals have coloured compounds due to their partially filled d orbitals. I hope you get it Please
rate.
The theory, or doctrine, of forms (also called th.pdf
The theory, or doctrine, of forms (also called the theory of ideas) is Greek
philosopher Plato\'s (c. 428-347 b.c.) expression of his belief that there are forms that exist
outside the material realm, and therefore are unchanging-they do not come into existence,
change, or pass out of existence. It is these ideas that, according to Plato, are the objects or
essence of knowledge. Further, he posited that the body, the seat of appetite and passion, which
communes with the physical world (rather than the world of ideas or forms), is inferior to the
intellect. He believed the physical aspect of human beings to be irrational while the intellect, or
reason, was deemed to be rational. The origins of Plato\'s theory can be traced to Socrates (c.
470-399 b.c.), who believed that the psyche (inner spirit) has intuitive access to divinely known
principles or truths, which he attempted to formulate through his conversations with others.
Indeed, the Socratic dialogues, written by Plato, reveal that Socrates was striving to define the
exact nature of the traditional Greek moral virtues of piety, temperance, and courage. The theory,
or doctrine, of forms (also called the theory of ideas) is Greek philosopher Plato\'s (c. 428-347
b.c.) expression of his belief that there are forms that exist outside the material realm, and
therefore are unchanging-they do not come into existence, change, or pass out of existence. It is
these ideas that, according to Plato, are the objects or essence of knowledge. Further, he posited
that the body, the seat of appetite and passion, which communes with the physical world (rather
than the world of ideas or forms), is inferior to the intellect. He believed the physical aspect of
human beings to be irrational while the intellect, or reason, was deemed to be rational. The
origins of Plato\'s theory can be traced to Socrates (c. 470-399 b.c.), who believed that the
psyche (inner spirit) has intuitive access to divinely known principles or truths, which he
attempted to formulate through his conversations with others. Indeed, the Socratic dialogues,
written by Plato, reveal that Socrates was striving to define the exact nature of the traditional
Greek moral virtues of piety, temperance, and courage. The theory, or doctrine, of forms (also
called the theory of ideas) is Greek philosopher Plato\'s (c. 428-347 b.c.) expression of his belief
that there are forms that exist outside the material realm, and therefore are unchanging-they do
not come into existence, change, or pass out of existence. It is these ideas that, according to
Plato, are the objects or essence of knowledge. Further, he posited that the body, the seat of
appetite and passion, which communes with the physical world (rather than the world of ideas or
forms), is inferior to the intellect. He believed the physical aspect of human beings to be
irrational while the intellect, or reason, was deemed to be rational. The origins of Plato\'s theory
can be traced to Socrates (c. .
The left ring would undergo nitration more easily.pdf
The left ring would undergo nitration more easily because it has an activating group
attached to it (the O has plenty of electrons to delocalize across the entire ring) whereas the right
ring has a carbonyl as it\'s immediate substituent, which is a withdrawing group (it\'s sucking up
electrons in resonance and delivering it to the oxygen.)
Solution
The left ring would undergo nitration more easily because it has an activating group
attached to it (the O has plenty of electrons to delocalize across the entire ring) whereas the right
ring has a carbonyl as it\'s immediate substituent, which is a withdrawing group (it\'s sucking up
electrons in resonance and delivering it to the oxygen.).
sol a. Im guessing that they are used to react .pdf
sol a. I\'m guessing that they are used to react with potassium iodide. They oxidise
the iodide ion to the tri-iodide complex. so b. Sodium thiosulfate reduces tri-iodide to iodide.
Solution
sol a. I\'m guessing that they are used to react with potassium iodide. They oxidise
the iodide ion to the tri-iodide complex. so b. Sodium thiosulfate reduces tri-iodide to iodide..
no. of moles = massmolecular weight here no mass.pdf
no. of moles = mass/molecular weight here no mass is given in question
Solution
no. of moles = mass/molecular weight here no mass is given in question.
Moles of EDTA added initially to the solution = (.pdf
Moles of EDTA added initially to the solution = (25.0 mL* 1 L / 1000 mL) *
0.0452 mol/L =0.00113 mol Excess EDTA present in the solution after reacting withNi+2 and
Zn+2 = (12.4 mL * 1 L /1000mL) * 0.0123 mol/L 0.00015 mol Moles of EDTA reacting with
Zn+2 andNi+2 = 0.00113 mol - 0.00015 mol = 0.00098 mol Zn+2 and Ni+2 react with EDTA
in1:1 ratio Moles of Zn+2 and Ni+2 inthe solution = 0.00098 mol EDTA was displaced from
Zn and the liberated EDTA wastitrated with Mg+2 Moles of Mg+2 reacting with EDTA
liberatedfrom Zn+2 = (29.2 mL * 1 L / 1000 mL) * 0.0123mol/L = 0.00035916 mol Each mole
of EDTA is bound to 1 mole ofZn+2 Moles of Zn+2 in the solution = 0.00035916mol Zn+2
Moles of Ni+2 in the solution = 0.00098 mol -0.00035916 mol =0.00062084 mol Ni+2 [Zn+2] =
0.00035916 molZn+2 / 0.050 L = 0.0072 M Zn+2 [Ni+2] = 0.00062084 mol Ni+2 /0.050 L =
0.0124 M Ni+2
Solution
Moles of EDTA added initially to the solution = (25.0 mL* 1 L / 1000 mL) *
0.0452 mol/L =0.00113 mol Excess EDTA present in the solution after reacting withNi+2 and
Zn+2 = (12.4 mL * 1 L /1000mL) * 0.0123 mol/L 0.00015 mol Moles of EDTA reacting with
Zn+2 andNi+2 = 0.00113 mol - 0.00015 mol = 0.00098 mol Zn+2 and Ni+2 react with EDTA
in1:1 ratio Moles of Zn+2 and Ni+2 inthe solution = 0.00098 mol EDTA was displaced from
Zn and the liberated EDTA wastitrated with Mg+2 Moles of Mg+2 reacting with EDTA
liberatedfrom Zn+2 = (29.2 mL * 1 L / 1000 mL) * 0.0123mol/L = 0.00035916 mol Each mole
of EDTA is bound to 1 mole ofZn+2 Moles of Zn+2 in the solution = 0.00035916mol Zn+2
Moles of Ni+2 in the solution = 0.00098 mol -0.00035916 mol =0.00062084 mol Ni+2 [Zn+2] =
0.00035916 molZn+2 / 0.050 L = 0.0072 M Zn+2 [Ni+2] = 0.00062084 mol Ni+2 /0.050 L =
0.0124 M Ni+2.
IV Water has a high boiling compared to H2S. .pdf
IV: Water has a high boiling compared to H2S.
Solution
IV: Water has a high boiling compared to H2S..
it is NO2 addition in meta position giving 1,3 di.pdf
it is NO2 addition in meta position giving 1,3 dinitro benzene
Solution
it is NO2 addition in meta position giving 1,3 dinitro benzene.
in saturn weight is 1.064 times that of the earth.pdf
in saturn weight is 1.064 times that of the earth 1.064*130 =138.32 ponds please
rate
Solution
in saturn weight is 1.064 times that of the earth 1.064*130 =138.32 ponds please
rate.
If I am reading the question right, this would be.pdf
If I am reading the question right, this would be similar to something like a pond or
a creek receiving fertilizer runoff. This is a more biological standpoint rather than chemical, but
the ideas should be the same. #1. Influx of nutrients causes a bacterial/algal bloom, depleting
water of oxygen. #2. As oxygen levels drop, algae/bacteria begin to die depleting water even
more. #3. Animal live begins to die, causing another increase in nitrogen (ammonia etc) in the
water #4. Anaerobic bacteria as well as plants begin to remove carbon dioxide, phosphates,
nitrogen etc from the water and begin to bring system back into equilbrium. #5. Assuming influx
of fertilizer runoff it not constant, the system will either return to its original state, or a new
equilibrium, depending on how extreme the case was. Another possibility, considering the
\"dynamic surface\", would mean that the extra carbon dioxide would outgas and allow oxygen
to reenter the system. This is the general order, and there might be repetition of steps or one or
two might switch places.
Solution
If I am reading the question right, this would be similar to something like a pond or
a creek receiving fertilizer runoff. This is a more biological standpoint rather than chemical, but
the ideas should be the same. #1. Influx of nutrients causes a bacterial/algal bloom, depleting
water of oxygen. #2. As oxygen levels drop, algae/bacteria begin to die depleting water even
more. #3. Animal live begins to die, causing another increase in nitrogen (ammonia etc) in the
water #4. Anaerobic bacteria as well as plants begin to remove carbon dioxide, phosphates,
nitrogen etc from the water and begin to bring system back into equilbrium. #5. Assuming influx
of fertilizer runoff it not constant, the system will either return to its original state, or a new
equilibrium, depending on how extreme the case was. Another possibility, considering the
\"dynamic surface\", would mean that the extra carbon dioxide would outgas and allow oxygen
to reenter the system. This is the general order, and there might be repetition of steps or one or
two might switch places..
Which of the following are true statements about serial interfaces.pdf
Which of the following are true statements about serial interfaces?
Answer D. The default encapsulation is HDLC, but it can be changed
Explanation:-
Serial interfaces is used to connect to devices outside the network boundary or WAN.
They are multilink point-to-point connections.
The default encapsulation is HDLC(High-Level Data Link Controller), but it can be changed to
Frame Relay, PPP, Synchronous Data Link Control (SDLC), SMDS, Cisco Serial Tunnel
(STUN), Cisco Bisync Serial Tunnel (BSTUN), X.25-based encapsulations.
Solution
Which of the following are true statements about serial interfaces?
Answer D. The default encapsulation is HDLC, but it can be changed
Explanation:-
Serial interfaces is used to connect to devices outside the network boundary or WAN.
They are multilink point-to-point connections.
The default encapsulation is HDLC(High-Level Data Link Controller), but it can be changed to
Frame Relay, PPP, Synchronous Data Link Control (SDLC), SMDS, Cisco Serial Tunnel
(STUN), Cisco Bisync Serial Tunnel (BSTUN), X.25-based encapsulations..
Thermostability is the quality of a subst.pdf
Thermostability
is the quality of a substance to resist irreversible change in its chemical or
physical structure, often by resisting decomposition or polymerisation, at a high relative
temperature.
Thermostable materials may be used industrially as fire retardants. A thermostableplastic, an
uncommon and unconventional term, is likely to refer to a thermosetting plastic that cannot be
reshaped when heated, than to a thermoplastic that can be remelted and recast. Thermostability
also commonly refers to a protein resistant to change in its protein structure due to applied heat.
Thermostable proteins
Most life-forms on Earth live at temperatures of less than 50 °C, commonly from 15 to 50 °C.
Above this, thermal energy may cause the unfolding of the protein structure, where the activity
of the protein is abolished and a condition understandably deleterious to continuing life-
functions. The denaturing of proteins in albumen from a clear, nearly colourless liquid to an
opaque white, insoluble gel is a common example of this.
Certain thermophilic life-forms exist which can withstand temperatures above this, and have
corresponding adaptations to preserve protein function at these temperatures. . These can include
altered bulk properties of the cell to stabilize all proteins, and specific changes to individual
proteins. Examining homologous proteins present in these thermophiles and other organisms
reveal only slight differences in the protein structure. One notable difference is the presence of
extra hydrogen bonds in the thermophile\'s proteins—meaning that the protein structure is more
resistant to unfolding. The presence of certain types of salt has been observed to alter
thermostability in the proteins, indicating that salt bridges likely also play a role in
thermostability Other factors of protein thermostability are compactness of protein structure,.
oligomerization and strength interaction between subunits.
Thermostable enzymes such as Taq polymerase and Pfu DNA polymerase are used in
polymerase chain reactions where temperatures of 94 °C or over are used to melt apart DNA
strands.
Approaches to improve thermostability of proteins
Protein engineering can be used to enhance the thermostability of proteins. A number of site-
directed and random mutagenesis techniques, in addition to directed evolution .have been used to
increase the thermostability of target proteins. Comparative methods have been used to increase
the stability of mesophilic proteins based on comparison to thermophilic homologs. Additionally,
analysis of the protein unfolding by molecular dynamics can be used to understand the process of
unfolding and then design stabilizing mutations. Rational protein engineering for increasing
protein thermostability includes mutations which truncate loops, increase salt bridges. or
hydrogen bonds, introduced disulfide bonds. In addition, ligand binding can increase the stability
of the protein, particularly when purified.
Bacillus lichenifor.
VictimizedSolutionVictimized.pdf
This very short document repeats the word "victimized" and also includes the word "solution" but provides no other context or details to understand its meaning or purpose. It consists of only three words across three lines without any other information.
True,Design activities for high risk system interfaces might come up.pdf
True,Design activities for high risk system interfaces might come up in early inception phase
iterations.
Solution
True,Design activities for high risk system interfaces might come up in early inception phase
iterations..
WAN is a wide area network in which two or more computer or other de.pdf
WAN is a wide area network in which two or more computer or other devices connected to share
data and resources. There are two types of medias are used for creating a comouter network i.e.
Wired or Guided Media and Wirless or Unguided Media.
For the connectivity of two points over a large distance we can choose any of the media on the
basis of following charactersitics.
1. Wired Media- There are three types of wired medias are used for connectivity ie. Twisted, Co-
axial and Fiber Optics
for the long distance of connectivity we choose Fiber Optics due to it provide very high speed of
data transfer. but the cost of these types of media is very expensive.
If we choose Twisted Pair it has a limitation of transfer rate is maximum of 100mbps which is
feasible for LAN not for the WAN.
2. Wireless Media- Wirelesss connectity can be established with the help of Wi-Fi Router,
Satelite Communication, Radar etc. No doubt it provide fast transfer of data over the network but
mail problem of these types of devices are first it is very expensive, second issue is with the
range offered by the Wireless Access point is at limited distance so a large number of Wireless
access points are required to establish a long distance based wan.
Also backbone is required to be establish with wired media, which again restricted to the speed
of the network.
Solution
WAN is a wide area network in which two or more computer or other devices connected to share
data and resources. There are two types of medias are used for creating a comouter network i.e.
Wired or Guided Media and Wirless or Unguided Media.
For the connectivity of two points over a large distance we can choose any of the media on the
basis of following charactersitics.
1. Wired Media- There are three types of wired medias are used for connectivity ie. Twisted, Co-
axial and Fiber Optics
for the long distance of connectivity we choose Fiber Optics due to it provide very high speed of
data transfer. but the cost of these types of media is very expensive.
If we choose Twisted Pair it has a limitation of transfer rate is maximum of 100mbps which is
feasible for LAN not for the WAN.
2. Wireless Media- Wirelesss connectity can be established with the help of Wi-Fi Router,
Satelite Communication, Radar etc. No doubt it provide fast transfer of data over the network but
mail problem of these types of devices are first it is very expensive, second issue is with the
range offered by the Wireless Access point is at limited distance so a large number of Wireless
access points are required to establish a long distance based wan.
Also backbone is required to be establish with wired media, which again restricted to the speed
of the network..
The most important characteristics that comprise the software qualit.pdf
The most important characteristics that comprise the software quality are:
• Functionality
• Reliability
• Usability
• Efficiency
• Maintainability
• Portability
Functionality:
Functionality is the essential characteristic of any product or the service that refers to the
specification of the functions of the software and to the correctness of the functions. As the
system does not typically function in isolation, it helps the system to interact with the other
components. This relates to the unauthorized access to the software functions.
Reliability:
This characteristic concerns the frequency of failure of the software and has the capacity of
software to withstand and recover from components or environment and failure. It is also capable
of bringing back the failed system to the full operation, including data and network connections.
Usability:
It is used to determine the simplicity of the systems function, relate the user models to computer
interaction methods and has the ability of software to be easily operated by the user.
Efficiency:
This characteristic is concerned with the system resources used when providing the required
functionality. The amount of disk space, memory, network etc provides a good indication of this
characteristic.
Maintainability:
This characteristic has the ability to identify the root cause of a failure within the software, the
amount of effort to change a system and the effort needed to test the system changes.
Portability:
The ability of the system to change to new specifications or operating environments.
To achieve the software of high quality it is necessary to understand the ways how the software
system fails. The challenges are:
Solution
The most important characteristics that comprise the software quality are:
• Functionality
• Reliability
• Usability
• Efficiency
• Maintainability
• Portability
Functionality:
Functionality is the essential characteristic of any product or the service that refers to the
specification of the functions of the software and to the correctness of the functions. As the
system does not typically function in isolation, it helps the system to interact with the other
components. This relates to the unauthorized access to the software functions.
Reliability:
This characteristic concerns the frequency of failure of the software and has the capacity of
software to withstand and recover from components or environment and failure. It is also capable
of bringing back the failed system to the full operation, including data and network connections.
Usability:
It is used to determine the simplicity of the systems function, relate the user models to computer
interaction methods and has the ability of software to be easily operated by the user.
Efficiency:
This characteristic is concerned with the system resources used when providing the required
functionality. The amount of disk space, memory, network etc provides a good indication of this
characteristic.
Maintainability:
This characteristic has .
The electronic configuration of H is 1s1 It has one valence electr.pdf
The electronic configuration of H is 1s1
It has one valence electron like the ist group and
It gets octet configuration [He] when it accepts one electron like the Group 7 elements
(Halogens)
Hence Hydrogen is like group 1 and group 7.
Solution
The electronic configuration of H is 1s1
It has one valence electron like the ist group and
It gets octet configuration [He] when it accepts one electron like the Group 7 elements
(Halogens)
Hence Hydrogen is like group 1 and group 7..
Regression analysis is a mathematical measure of the average relatio.pdf
Regression analysis is a mathematical measure of the average relation between two or more
variables in terms of the original units of the data.
Solution
Regression analysis is a mathematical measure of the average relation between two or more
variables in terms of the original units of the data..
Assessment and Planning in Educational technology.pptx
In an education system, it is understood that assessment is only for the students, but on the other hand, the Assessment of teachers is also an important aspect of the education system that ensures teachers are providing high-quality instruction to students. The assessment process can be used to provide feedback and support for professional development, to inform decisions about teacher retention or promotion, or to evaluate teacher effectiveness for accountability purposes.
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Xs mothers fourth child was X. the question its.pdf
X\'s mothers fourth child was X. the question itself says everything buddy... check
it once
Solution
X\'s mothers fourth child was X. the question itself says everything buddy... check
it once.
Types of Fluoride Additives Community water syst.pdf
Types of Fluoride Additives Community water systems in the United States use
one of three additives for water fluoridation. Decisions on which additive to use are based on
cost of product, product-handling requirements, space availability, and equipment. The three
additives are: * Fluorosilicic acid: a water-based solution used by most water fluoridation
programs in the United States. Fluorosilicic acid is also referred to as hydrofluorosilicate, FSA,
or HFS. * Sodium fluorosilicate: a dry additive, dissolved into a solution before being added to
water. * Sodium fluoride: a dry additive, typically used in small water systems, dissolved into a
solution before being added to water. Back to top Sources of Fluoride Additives Most fluoride
additives used in the United States are produced from phosphorite rock. Phosphorite is used
primarily in the manufacture of phosphate fertilizer. Phosphorite contains calcium phosphate
mixed with limestone (calcium carbonates) minerals and apatite—a mineral with high phosphate
and fluoride content. It is refluxed (heated) with sulfuric acid to produce a phosphoric acid-
gypsum (calcium sulfate-CaSO4) slurry. The heating process releases hydrogen fluoride (HF)
and silicon tetrafluoride (SiF4) gases which are captured by vacuum evaporators. These gases are
then condensed to a water-based solution of 23% FSA with the remainder as water.
Approximately 95% of FSA used for water fluoridation comes from this process. The remaining
5% of FSA is generated during the manufacture of hydrogen fluoride or from the use of
hydrogen fluoride in the manufacturing of solar panels and electronics. Since the early 1950s,
FSA has been the chief additive used for water fluoridation in the United States. The favorable
cost and high purity of FSA make it a popular source. Sodium fluorosilicate and sodium fluoride
are dry additives that come largely from FSA. FSA can be partially neutralized by either table
salt (sodium chloride) or caustic soda to get sodium fluorosilicate. If enough caustic soda is
added to neutralize the fluorosilicate completely, it results in sodium fluoride. Sodium fluoride is
also produced by mixing caustic soda with hydrogen fluoride, although approximately 90% of
the sodium fluoride used in the United States comes from FSA. Back to top Regulatory Scope
on Additives The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has authority over safe
community drinking water, as specified in the Safe Drinking Water Act. On the basis of the
scientific study of potential adverse health effects from contaminated water, the EPA sets a
Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) concentration allowed for various organisms or
substances. Although EPA does not specifically regulate levels of “direct additives,” which are
chemicals added to water in the course of treatment, it does specify that the addition of chemicals
as part of treatment should not exceed the MCL concentration for regulated substances. This
MCL limit includes the levels natura.
This is blue because ion absorbs yellow radiation.pdf
This is blue because ion absorbs yellow radiation and transmits blue radiation
unchanged. As we know that copper is a transition metal and we also know that all transition
metals have coloured compounds due to their partially filled d orbitals. I hope you get it Please
rate
Solution
This is blue because ion absorbs yellow radiation and transmits blue radiation
unchanged. As we know that copper is a transition metal and we also know that all transition
metals have coloured compounds due to their partially filled d orbitals. I hope you get it Please
rate.
The theory, or doctrine, of forms (also called th.pdf
The theory, or doctrine, of forms (also called the theory of ideas) is Greek
philosopher Plato\'s (c. 428-347 b.c.) expression of his belief that there are forms that exist
outside the material realm, and therefore are unchanging-they do not come into existence,
change, or pass out of existence. It is these ideas that, according to Plato, are the objects or
essence of knowledge. Further, he posited that the body, the seat of appetite and passion, which
communes with the physical world (rather than the world of ideas or forms), is inferior to the
intellect. He believed the physical aspect of human beings to be irrational while the intellect, or
reason, was deemed to be rational. The origins of Plato\'s theory can be traced to Socrates (c.
470-399 b.c.), who believed that the psyche (inner spirit) has intuitive access to divinely known
principles or truths, which he attempted to formulate through his conversations with others.
Indeed, the Socratic dialogues, written by Plato, reveal that Socrates was striving to define the
exact nature of the traditional Greek moral virtues of piety, temperance, and courage. The theory,
or doctrine, of forms (also called the theory of ideas) is Greek philosopher Plato\'s (c. 428-347
b.c.) expression of his belief that there are forms that exist outside the material realm, and
therefore are unchanging-they do not come into existence, change, or pass out of existence. It is
these ideas that, according to Plato, are the objects or essence of knowledge. Further, he posited
that the body, the seat of appetite and passion, which communes with the physical world (rather
than the world of ideas or forms), is inferior to the intellect. He believed the physical aspect of
human beings to be irrational while the intellect, or reason, was deemed to be rational. The
origins of Plato\'s theory can be traced to Socrates (c. 470-399 b.c.), who believed that the
psyche (inner spirit) has intuitive access to divinely known principles or truths, which he
attempted to formulate through his conversations with others. Indeed, the Socratic dialogues,
written by Plato, reveal that Socrates was striving to define the exact nature of the traditional
Greek moral virtues of piety, temperance, and courage. The theory, or doctrine, of forms (also
called the theory of ideas) is Greek philosopher Plato\'s (c. 428-347 b.c.) expression of his belief
that there are forms that exist outside the material realm, and therefore are unchanging-they do
not come into existence, change, or pass out of existence. It is these ideas that, according to
Plato, are the objects or essence of knowledge. Further, he posited that the body, the seat of
appetite and passion, which communes with the physical world (rather than the world of ideas or
forms), is inferior to the intellect. He believed the physical aspect of human beings to be
irrational while the intellect, or reason, was deemed to be rational. The origins of Plato\'s theory
can be traced to Socrates (c. .
The left ring would undergo nitration more easily.pdf
The left ring would undergo nitration more easily because it has an activating group
attached to it (the O has plenty of electrons to delocalize across the entire ring) whereas the right
ring has a carbonyl as it\'s immediate substituent, which is a withdrawing group (it\'s sucking up
electrons in resonance and delivering it to the oxygen.)
Solution
The left ring would undergo nitration more easily because it has an activating group
attached to it (the O has plenty of electrons to delocalize across the entire ring) whereas the right
ring has a carbonyl as it\'s immediate substituent, which is a withdrawing group (it\'s sucking up
electrons in resonance and delivering it to the oxygen.).
sol a. Im guessing that they are used to react .pdf
sol a. I\'m guessing that they are used to react with potassium iodide. They oxidise
the iodide ion to the tri-iodide complex. so b. Sodium thiosulfate reduces tri-iodide to iodide.
Solution
sol a. I\'m guessing that they are used to react with potassium iodide. They oxidise
the iodide ion to the tri-iodide complex. so b. Sodium thiosulfate reduces tri-iodide to iodide..
no. of moles = massmolecular weight here no mass.pdf
no. of moles = mass/molecular weight here no mass is given in question
Solution
no. of moles = mass/molecular weight here no mass is given in question.
Moles of EDTA added initially to the solution = (.pdf
Moles of EDTA added initially to the solution = (25.0 mL* 1 L / 1000 mL) *
0.0452 mol/L =0.00113 mol Excess EDTA present in the solution after reacting withNi+2 and
Zn+2 = (12.4 mL * 1 L /1000mL) * 0.0123 mol/L 0.00015 mol Moles of EDTA reacting with
Zn+2 andNi+2 = 0.00113 mol - 0.00015 mol = 0.00098 mol Zn+2 and Ni+2 react with EDTA
in1:1 ratio Moles of Zn+2 and Ni+2 inthe solution = 0.00098 mol EDTA was displaced from
Zn and the liberated EDTA wastitrated with Mg+2 Moles of Mg+2 reacting with EDTA
liberatedfrom Zn+2 = (29.2 mL * 1 L / 1000 mL) * 0.0123mol/L = 0.00035916 mol Each mole
of EDTA is bound to 1 mole ofZn+2 Moles of Zn+2 in the solution = 0.00035916mol Zn+2
Moles of Ni+2 in the solution = 0.00098 mol -0.00035916 mol =0.00062084 mol Ni+2 [Zn+2] =
0.00035916 molZn+2 / 0.050 L = 0.0072 M Zn+2 [Ni+2] = 0.00062084 mol Ni+2 /0.050 L =
0.0124 M Ni+2
Solution
Moles of EDTA added initially to the solution = (25.0 mL* 1 L / 1000 mL) *
0.0452 mol/L =0.00113 mol Excess EDTA present in the solution after reacting withNi+2 and
Zn+2 = (12.4 mL * 1 L /1000mL) * 0.0123 mol/L 0.00015 mol Moles of EDTA reacting with
Zn+2 andNi+2 = 0.00113 mol - 0.00015 mol = 0.00098 mol Zn+2 and Ni+2 react with EDTA
in1:1 ratio Moles of Zn+2 and Ni+2 inthe solution = 0.00098 mol EDTA was displaced from
Zn and the liberated EDTA wastitrated with Mg+2 Moles of Mg+2 reacting with EDTA
liberatedfrom Zn+2 = (29.2 mL * 1 L / 1000 mL) * 0.0123mol/L = 0.00035916 mol Each mole
of EDTA is bound to 1 mole ofZn+2 Moles of Zn+2 in the solution = 0.00035916mol Zn+2
Moles of Ni+2 in the solution = 0.00098 mol -0.00035916 mol =0.00062084 mol Ni+2 [Zn+2] =
0.00035916 molZn+2 / 0.050 L = 0.0072 M Zn+2 [Ni+2] = 0.00062084 mol Ni+2 /0.050 L =
0.0124 M Ni+2.
IV Water has a high boiling compared to H2S. .pdf
IV: Water has a high boiling compared to H2S.
Solution
IV: Water has a high boiling compared to H2S..
it is NO2 addition in meta position giving 1,3 di.pdf
it is NO2 addition in meta position giving 1,3 dinitro benzene
Solution
it is NO2 addition in meta position giving 1,3 dinitro benzene.
in saturn weight is 1.064 times that of the earth.pdf
in saturn weight is 1.064 times that of the earth 1.064*130 =138.32 ponds please
rate
Solution
in saturn weight is 1.064 times that of the earth 1.064*130 =138.32 ponds please
rate.
If I am reading the question right, this would be.pdf
If I am reading the question right, this would be similar to something like a pond or
a creek receiving fertilizer runoff. This is a more biological standpoint rather than chemical, but
the ideas should be the same. #1. Influx of nutrients causes a bacterial/algal bloom, depleting
water of oxygen. #2. As oxygen levels drop, algae/bacteria begin to die depleting water even
more. #3. Animal live begins to die, causing another increase in nitrogen (ammonia etc) in the
water #4. Anaerobic bacteria as well as plants begin to remove carbon dioxide, phosphates,
nitrogen etc from the water and begin to bring system back into equilbrium. #5. Assuming influx
of fertilizer runoff it not constant, the system will either return to its original state, or a new
equilibrium, depending on how extreme the case was. Another possibility, considering the
\"dynamic surface\", would mean that the extra carbon dioxide would outgas and allow oxygen
to reenter the system. This is the general order, and there might be repetition of steps or one or
two might switch places.
Solution
If I am reading the question right, this would be similar to something like a pond or
a creek receiving fertilizer runoff. This is a more biological standpoint rather than chemical, but
the ideas should be the same. #1. Influx of nutrients causes a bacterial/algal bloom, depleting
water of oxygen. #2. As oxygen levels drop, algae/bacteria begin to die depleting water even
more. #3. Animal live begins to die, causing another increase in nitrogen (ammonia etc) in the
water #4. Anaerobic bacteria as well as plants begin to remove carbon dioxide, phosphates,
nitrogen etc from the water and begin to bring system back into equilbrium. #5. Assuming influx
of fertilizer runoff it not constant, the system will either return to its original state, or a new
equilibrium, depending on how extreme the case was. Another possibility, considering the
\"dynamic surface\", would mean that the extra carbon dioxide would outgas and allow oxygen
to reenter the system. This is the general order, and there might be repetition of steps or one or
two might switch places..
Which of the following are true statements about serial interfaces.pdf
Which of the following are true statements about serial interfaces?
Answer D. The default encapsulation is HDLC, but it can be changed
Explanation:-
Serial interfaces is used to connect to devices outside the network boundary or WAN.
They are multilink point-to-point connections.
The default encapsulation is HDLC(High-Level Data Link Controller), but it can be changed to
Frame Relay, PPP, Synchronous Data Link Control (SDLC), SMDS, Cisco Serial Tunnel
(STUN), Cisco Bisync Serial Tunnel (BSTUN), X.25-based encapsulations.
Solution
Which of the following are true statements about serial interfaces?
Answer D. The default encapsulation is HDLC, but it can be changed
Explanation:-
Serial interfaces is used to connect to devices outside the network boundary or WAN.
They are multilink point-to-point connections.
The default encapsulation is HDLC(High-Level Data Link Controller), but it can be changed to
Frame Relay, PPP, Synchronous Data Link Control (SDLC), SMDS, Cisco Serial Tunnel
(STUN), Cisco Bisync Serial Tunnel (BSTUN), X.25-based encapsulations..
Thermostability is the quality of a subst.pdf
Thermostability
is the quality of a substance to resist irreversible change in its chemical or
physical structure, often by resisting decomposition or polymerisation, at a high relative
temperature.
Thermostable materials may be used industrially as fire retardants. A thermostableplastic, an
uncommon and unconventional term, is likely to refer to a thermosetting plastic that cannot be
reshaped when heated, than to a thermoplastic that can be remelted and recast. Thermostability
also commonly refers to a protein resistant to change in its protein structure due to applied heat.
Thermostable proteins
Most life-forms on Earth live at temperatures of less than 50 °C, commonly from 15 to 50 °C.
Above this, thermal energy may cause the unfolding of the protein structure, where the activity
of the protein is abolished and a condition understandably deleterious to continuing life-
functions. The denaturing of proteins in albumen from a clear, nearly colourless liquid to an
opaque white, insoluble gel is a common example of this.
Certain thermophilic life-forms exist which can withstand temperatures above this, and have
corresponding adaptations to preserve protein function at these temperatures. . These can include
altered bulk properties of the cell to stabilize all proteins, and specific changes to individual
proteins. Examining homologous proteins present in these thermophiles and other organisms
reveal only slight differences in the protein structure. One notable difference is the presence of
extra hydrogen bonds in the thermophile\'s proteins—meaning that the protein structure is more
resistant to unfolding. The presence of certain types of salt has been observed to alter
thermostability in the proteins, indicating that salt bridges likely also play a role in
thermostability Other factors of protein thermostability are compactness of protein structure,.
oligomerization and strength interaction between subunits.
Thermostable enzymes such as Taq polymerase and Pfu DNA polymerase are used in
polymerase chain reactions where temperatures of 94 °C or over are used to melt apart DNA
strands.
Approaches to improve thermostability of proteins
Protein engineering can be used to enhance the thermostability of proteins. A number of site-
directed and random mutagenesis techniques, in addition to directed evolution .have been used to
increase the thermostability of target proteins. Comparative methods have been used to increase
the stability of mesophilic proteins based on comparison to thermophilic homologs. Additionally,
analysis of the protein unfolding by molecular dynamics can be used to understand the process of
unfolding and then design stabilizing mutations. Rational protein engineering for increasing
protein thermostability includes mutations which truncate loops, increase salt bridges. or
hydrogen bonds, introduced disulfide bonds. In addition, ligand binding can increase the stability
of the protein, particularly when purified.
Bacillus lichenifor.
VictimizedSolutionVictimized.pdf
This very short document repeats the word "victimized" and also includes the word "solution" but provides no other context or details to understand its meaning or purpose. It consists of only three words across three lines without any other information.
True,Design activities for high risk system interfaces might come up.pdf
True,Design activities for high risk system interfaces might come up in early inception phase
iterations.
Solution
True,Design activities for high risk system interfaces might come up in early inception phase
iterations..
WAN is a wide area network in which two or more computer or other de.pdf
WAN is a wide area network in which two or more computer or other devices connected to share
data and resources. There are two types of medias are used for creating a comouter network i.e.
Wired or Guided Media and Wirless or Unguided Media.
For the connectivity of two points over a large distance we can choose any of the media on the
basis of following charactersitics.
1. Wired Media- There are three types of wired medias are used for connectivity ie. Twisted, Co-
axial and Fiber Optics
for the long distance of connectivity we choose Fiber Optics due to it provide very high speed of
data transfer. but the cost of these types of media is very expensive.
If we choose Twisted Pair it has a limitation of transfer rate is maximum of 100mbps which is
feasible for LAN not for the WAN.
2. Wireless Media- Wirelesss connectity can be established with the help of Wi-Fi Router,
Satelite Communication, Radar etc. No doubt it provide fast transfer of data over the network but
mail problem of these types of devices are first it is very expensive, second issue is with the
range offered by the Wireless Access point is at limited distance so a large number of Wireless
access points are required to establish a long distance based wan.
Also backbone is required to be establish with wired media, which again restricted to the speed
of the network.
Solution
WAN is a wide area network in which two or more computer or other devices connected to share
data and resources. There are two types of medias are used for creating a comouter network i.e.
Wired or Guided Media and Wirless or Unguided Media.
For the connectivity of two points over a large distance we can choose any of the media on the
basis of following charactersitics.
1. Wired Media- There are three types of wired medias are used for connectivity ie. Twisted, Co-
axial and Fiber Optics
for the long distance of connectivity we choose Fiber Optics due to it provide very high speed of
data transfer. but the cost of these types of media is very expensive.
If we choose Twisted Pair it has a limitation of transfer rate is maximum of 100mbps which is
feasible for LAN not for the WAN.
2. Wireless Media- Wirelesss connectity can be established with the help of Wi-Fi Router,
Satelite Communication, Radar etc. No doubt it provide fast transfer of data over the network but
mail problem of these types of devices are first it is very expensive, second issue is with the
range offered by the Wireless Access point is at limited distance so a large number of Wireless
access points are required to establish a long distance based wan.
Also backbone is required to be establish with wired media, which again restricted to the speed
of the network..
The most important characteristics that comprise the software qualit.pdf
The most important characteristics that comprise the software quality are:
• Functionality
• Reliability
• Usability
• Efficiency
• Maintainability
• Portability
Functionality:
Functionality is the essential characteristic of any product or the service that refers to the
specification of the functions of the software and to the correctness of the functions. As the
system does not typically function in isolation, it helps the system to interact with the other
components. This relates to the unauthorized access to the software functions.
Reliability:
This characteristic concerns the frequency of failure of the software and has the capacity of
software to withstand and recover from components or environment and failure. It is also capable
of bringing back the failed system to the full operation, including data and network connections.
Usability:
It is used to determine the simplicity of the systems function, relate the user models to computer
interaction methods and has the ability of software to be easily operated by the user.
Efficiency:
This characteristic is concerned with the system resources used when providing the required
functionality. The amount of disk space, memory, network etc provides a good indication of this
characteristic.
Maintainability:
This characteristic has the ability to identify the root cause of a failure within the software, the
amount of effort to change a system and the effort needed to test the system changes.
Portability:
The ability of the system to change to new specifications or operating environments.
To achieve the software of high quality it is necessary to understand the ways how the software
system fails. The challenges are:
Solution
The most important characteristics that comprise the software quality are:
• Functionality
• Reliability
• Usability
• Efficiency
• Maintainability
• Portability
Functionality:
Functionality is the essential characteristic of any product or the service that refers to the
specification of the functions of the software and to the correctness of the functions. As the
system does not typically function in isolation, it helps the system to interact with the other
components. This relates to the unauthorized access to the software functions.
Reliability:
This characteristic concerns the frequency of failure of the software and has the capacity of
software to withstand and recover from components or environment and failure. It is also capable
of bringing back the failed system to the full operation, including data and network connections.
Usability:
It is used to determine the simplicity of the systems function, relate the user models to computer
interaction methods and has the ability of software to be easily operated by the user.
Efficiency:
This characteristic is concerned with the system resources used when providing the required
functionality. The amount of disk space, memory, network etc provides a good indication of this
characteristic.
Maintainability:
This characteristic has .
The electronic configuration of H is 1s1 It has one valence electr.pdf
The electronic configuration of H is 1s1
It has one valence electron like the ist group and
It gets octet configuration [He] when it accepts one electron like the Group 7 elements
(Halogens)
Hence Hydrogen is like group 1 and group 7.
Solution
The electronic configuration of H is 1s1
It has one valence electron like the ist group and
It gets octet configuration [He] when it accepts one electron like the Group 7 elements
(Halogens)
Hence Hydrogen is like group 1 and group 7..
Regression analysis is a mathematical measure of the average relatio.pdf
Regression analysis is a mathematical measure of the average relation between two or more
variables in terms of the original units of the data.
Solution
Regression analysis is a mathematical measure of the average relation between two or more
variables in terms of the original units of the data..
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