Research Proposal Code#EB0011820201592277528 Wordcount 1100 words /4 pages  Urgency : 12 to 18 hours  Citation : APA **************** The purpose of this assignment is to be in the role of an amateur researcher, coming up with a research question, and making decisions regarding what they are going to measure and how they are going to do it. Please provide complete answers to the following questions. Answers should be single spaced, typed in 12pt Times New Roman, and no more than 2 pages.  1. What is your research question? Is there a difference between neighborhoods  where officer-involved shootings occur  and neighborhoods  where they do not occur  in terms of their level of social disorganization (measured as 0-100)? In other words, are officer-involved shootings more likely to occur in neighborhoods that are socially disorganized? 2. Why did you choose this research question? Officer-involved shootings have become a highly discussed topic in the aftermath of various high-profile killings of men of color. Understanding if a difference exists in the locations where these shootings occur, and where they do not, are important considerations in the officer’s decision to shoot. Places with high levels of social disorganization may lead an officer to be more likely to shoot (for several reasons that we will be unable to control for), whereas places with lower levels may make it less likely. 3. Describe the dependent variable and the independent variable. Dependent Variable  – The level of social disorganization, ratio, continuous Independent Variable  – Census tracts, nominal, two categories 1. those that have experienced an OIS event, 2. those that have not experienced an OIS event. 4. State the appropriate statistical test and explain why: For my analysis, an  independent sample t-test  is appropriate because my  independent variable is categorical  and my  dependent variable is continuous,  and I am  comparing two groups within the same variable . 5. State the null and alternative hypotheses: H0: There  is no difference  between census tracts level of social disorganization based on if the census tract experienced an OIS event or not. H1: There  is a difference  between census tracts which have experienced an OIS event and those that have not. 6. Are there any other variables that you think will be related to the outcome? Describe at least 3 and explain why they are relevant. 1) Characteristics of police officers (sex, age, race, how many, etc.): Some officers may be less likely to use lethal force and controlling for that will lead to a stronger outcome. 2) Characteristics of suspects (sex, age, race, how many, did they have a weapon, etc.): Some characteristics of suspects may make officers more likely to shoot, whether they are legal factors or extra-legal factors. 3) Levels of firearm violence per neighborhood: neighborhoods which are at increased risk for firearm violence may make police more likely to per.

1. Research Proposal Code#EB0011820201592277528
Wordcount 1100 words /4 pages
Urgency : 12 to 18 hours
Citation : APA
****************
The purpose of this assignment is to be in the role of an amateur
researcher, coming up with a research question, and making
decisions regarding what they are going to measure and how
they are going to do it. Please provide complete answers to the
following questions.
Answers should be single spaced, typed in 12pt Times New
Roman, and no more than 2 pages.
1.
What is your research question?
Is there a difference between neighborhoods
where officer-involved shootings occur
and neighborhoods
where they do not occur
in terms of their level of social disorganization (measured as 0-
100)? In other words, are officer-involved shootings more likely
to occur in neighborhoods that are socially disorganized?
2.

2. Why did you choose this research question?
Officer-involved shootings have become a highly discussed
topic in the aftermath of various high-profile killings of men of
color. Understanding if a difference exists in the locations
where these shootings occur, and where they do not, are
important considerations in the officer’s decision to shoot.
Places with high levels of social disorganization may lead an
officer to be more likely to shoot (for several reasons that we
will be unable to control for), whereas places with lower levels
may make it less likely.
3.
Describe the dependent variable and the independent variable.
Dependent Variable
– The level of social disorganization, ratio, continuous
Independent Variable
– Census tracts, nominal, two categories
1. those that have experienced an OIS event,
2. those that have not experienced an OIS event.
4.
State the appropriate statistical test and explain why:
For my analysis, an
independent sample
t-test
is appropriate because my
independent variable is categorical

3. and my
dependent variable is continuous,
and I am
comparing two groups within the same variable
.
5.
State the null and alternative hypotheses:
H0: There
is no difference
between census tracts level of social disorganization based on
if the census tract experienced an OIS event or not.
H1: There
is a difference
between census tracts which have experienced an OIS event
and those that have not.
6.
Are there any other variables that you think will be related to
the outcome? Describe at least 3 and explain why they are
relevant.
1) Characteristics of police officers (sex, age, race, how many,
etc.): Some officers may be less likely to use lethal force and
controlling for that will lead to a stronger outcome.
2) Characteristics of suspects (sex, age, race, how many, did
they have a weapon, etc.): Some characteristics of suspects may
make officers more likely to shoot, whether they are legal
factors or extra-legal factors.
3) Levels of firearm violence per neighborhood: neighborhoods

4. which are at increased risk for firearm violence may make
police more likely to perceive danger and shoot.
7.
What dataset(s) would you use for your study? (provide link if
it exists):
My data would have to include
location information for OIS events
so they can be attributed to a specific census tract. OIS data is
available as a dataset open for public use located at
https://www.opendataphilly.org/dataset/shooting-victims
. Additionally, I will need
social data on neighborhoods to examine social disorganization
. Neighborhood data is freely accessible to the public from the
US Census located at
https://www.census.gov/data.html
.
Additional sources for data:
·
https://www.bjs.gov/
: BJS mission is to collect, analyze, publish, and disseminate
information on crime, criminal offenders, victims of crime, and
the operation of justice systems at all levels of government.
·
http://www.naacp.org/
:
Website of the National Association for the Advancement of
Colored People including their history, mission, and
membership.
·

5. http://www.norc.org/GSS+Website/
:
Website of the General Social Survey and results.
·
http://www.pollingreport.com
;
Website with many social survey sources.
·
http://www.city-data.com/
:
Website of statistical demographic data on states and cities in
the United States. Some examples include geographical data,
state profiles, crime data, registered sex offenders, cost of
living, housing, and religions.
·
http://stats.bls.gov/
:
Website of the Bureau of Labor Statistics which provides
statistics on employment and the economy.
·
http://www.nimh.nih.gov/
:
Website of the National Institute of Mental Health which
provides funding for research studies on mental illness and
related issues.
· Many additional datasets can be found on
https://www.icpsr.umich.edu/icpsrweb/