This is for students looking for ideas about the lesson of research in 2nd semester

1. POPULATION & SAMPLING FOR
QUALITATIVE
RESEARCH

2. “ Qualitative research
attempts to broaden
and/or deepen our
understanding of how
things came to be the way
they are in our social world.
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3. In a non-probability sample, individuals are
selected based on nonrandom criteria, and
not every individual has a chance of being
included. This type of sample is easier and
cheaper to access but it has a higher risk of
sampling bias. You cannot use it to make a valid
statistical inference about the whole population.
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4. Big concept
Nonprobability sampling techniques
are often appropriate for exploratory and
qualitative research. In these types of
research, the aim is not to test a
hypothesis about a broad population,
but to develop an initial
understanding of a small or
under-researched population.
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5. Non-probability sampling refers to
sampling techniques for which a
person’s (or event’s or researcher’s
focus) likelihood of being selected for
membership in the sample is
unknown.
Because we do not know the likelihood of
selection, we do not know with non-
probability samples whether a sample
represents a larger population or not.
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6. From this example, we can see that
non-probability sample
can be useful for setting up, framing, or beginning
research but remember that it is not only the
early-stage research that relies on and benefits
from non-probability sampling techniques.
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7. 7
NPS = PSQC

8. purposive
To draw a purposive sample, a researcher must begin
with specific perspectives in mind that he or she
wishes to examine and then seeks out research
participants who will cover the full range of
perspectives.
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9. While purposive sampling is often used when one’s goal is to include
participants who represent a broad range of perspectives, purposive
sampling may also be used when a researcher wishes to include only
people who meet very narrow or specific criteria.
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10. snowball
Snowball sampling is a strategy which is useful
when a researcher wishes to study some
stigmatized group or behavior.
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11. …sometimes referred to as chain referral
sampling. One research participant refers another, and
that person refers another, and that person refers another—
thus a chain of potential participants is identified. In
addition to using this sampling strategy for
potentially stigmatized populations, it is
also a useful strategy to use when the
researcher’s group of interest is likely to be
difficult to find, not only because of some
stigma associated with the group, but also
because the group may be relatively rare.
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12. quota
When conducting quota sampling, a researcher
identifies categories that are important to the
study and for which there is likely to have
variation.
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13. Subgroups are created
based on each category and the
researcher decides how many people
(or documents or whatever element
happens to be the focus of the research) to
include from each subgroup and collects
data from that number for each subgroup.
***this type of sampling is actually employed by both
qualitative and quantitative researchers
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14. convenience
To draw a convenience sample, a researcher
simply collects data from those people or other
relevant elements to which he or she has most
convenient access.
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15. This method, also sometimes referred to as
haphazard sampling, is most useful
in exploratory research.
It is also often used by journalists who need quick and easy
access to people from their population of interest. If you have
ever seen brief interviews of people on the street on the news,
you have probably seen a haphazard sample being
interviewed. While convenience samples offer one
major benefit—convenience—we should be
more cautious about generalizing from
research that relies on convenience samples.
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