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RESCUE THE RESCUER FIRST
Brian Gongol
DJ Gongol & Associates, Inc.
March 15, 2022
Nebraska Rural Water Association Annual Conference
Kearney, Nebraska
Should we treat operators like customers?
Should we treat operators like customers?
The question isn't nearly as stupid
as it may sound
After all, most operators are customers
But this is more of a business question
Specifically:
When did it fall out of fashion to talk about
protecting the lives and safety
of water and wastewater workers,
as if it were a top priority
in the design and operation
of public water and wastewater systems?
Don't forget your history
There was a time when the American public
marveled at the advancements in water-related sanitation
because they still remembered how awful
things were beforehand
Look at that lovely ornamentation
It's more than symbolic
Even though much of the work
related to that progress
was far more dangerous than it is today,
there was a sense that the
people working in the sector
were public heroes
Fort Dodge Messenger, 1905
That's five straight columns of water op/ed
Today's standards

Should be:
"How safe can we make
this for operators?"

Too often are:
"How cheaply can we get
this done while meeting
the minimum standards
from OSHA?"
Hard truth
Things would look different if we
authentically saw water-sector operators
as essential community safety providers --
and treated them as well on the job
as they treat their customers
How do we get to that state of mind?
Humanizing the value of quality spaces
Find the root cause
First-class spaces
Second-class spaces
Third-class spaces
This is not about resenting the rich
This is not about resenting the rich
But it is about the consequences
of "out of sight, out of mind"
Surfside condominium collapse
Surfside condominium collapse
Everything looked good in the 1st class spaces
(pool and lobby)
Surfside condominium collapse
Everything looked good in the 1st class spaces
(pool and lobby)
People looked past the 2nd class spaces
(parking garage)
Surfside condominium collapse
Everything looked good in the 1st class spaces
(pool and lobby)
People looked past the 2nd class spaces
(parking garage)
3rd class spaces were clearly ignored
(pool mechanical equipment rooms)
The collapse killed 98 people
⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰
⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰
⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰
⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰
⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰
⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰
⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰
⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰
⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰
⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰
We are shaped by our built environments
Spaces, classified (not classified spaces)
(Of course, those matter, too)
1st Class: Meant to be seen
2nd Class: Not embarrassing, not noteworthy
Let's linger on 2nd Class, though
3rd Class: Meant to be unseen
Comparative costs per square foot to build
Comparative costs per square foot to build

Class A office space: $150 to $200/sf (and up)

Residential: $150/sf (and up)

Prefab: $125/sf

Morton building: $75 to $125/sf

Wooden barn: $30 to $45/sf
Cost comparisons
It's not about the absolute cost you choose,
it's about the difference between that and
the least you could get away with
-- the marginal cost.
Justifying the marginal difference
Justifying the marginal difference

Quantify the cost of neglect:
It's not cost-free to leave things unattended
and under-maintained
Justifying the marginal difference

Note the savings from better spaces:
Fewer service calls
Savings from performing work onsite
Lower insurance risk
Justifying the marginal difference

Recognize the implicit risk:
Water and wastewater operators die in bad spaces every
year, mostly for no good reason. This is a solvable
problem.
Justifying the marginal difference

Show the benefits:
You wouldn't go to a dirty dentist's office, would you?
You wouldn't expect an auto mechanic to repair your
car outdoors in the winter, would you?
You wouldn't expect the city council to meet in a dry pit,
would you?
But spaces aren't the only factor that matters
QUERY: Who here is a volunteer firefighter?
Rescue the rescuer first
Don't drown a lifeguard to save a swimmer
We rightly treat fire stations as a big deal
Proudly featured (with good cause)
on the website of OPN Architects
Fire stations are centerpieces
Things are different when people are watching
Things are different when people are watching
Why do Chicago fire
stations look good?
The Great Chicago Fire
of 1871 permanently
set high community
expectations
Broken-down fire equipment? Unthinkable.
Broken-down fire equipment? Unthinkable.
This is maintenance and upkeep you perform
right in front of everybody
Fair equivalence
WTPs, WWTPs, pump stations, and other facilities
have to be at least at the fire department level
of cleanliness, comfort, and utility
Water workers are front-line "rescuers"
Water workers are front-line "rescuers"
Want to put hospitals into an instant crisis?
Shut down drinking water and wastewater treatment.
That starts with safety
Can you guess the top OSHA citations?
#1 - Fall protection
#2 - Hazard communication
#3 - Respiratory protection
#4 - Construction scaffolding
#5 - Ladders
#6 - Control of hazardous energy
#7 - Powered industrial trucks
#8 - Fall protection training
#9 - Eye and face protection
#10 - Machinery guarding
Guess the top causes of workplace fatalities

For FY2019, per OSHA

Not including workplace violence or traffic fatalities

Put these in order:

Fires/explosions

Chemical exposure

Falls

Contact with objects
#1: Fall, slip, or trip (880)
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⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
Fall on same level (146)
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
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⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
Fall to lower level (711)
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
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⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑
Fall through surface or opening (95)
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
#2: Contact with objects and equipment (732)
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑
Struck by object or equipment (518)
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
Struck by falling objects (241)
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑
Struck by discharged or flying object (26)
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
Caught/compressed by objects (120)
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
Caught in running equipment (93)
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑
Harmful substances or environments (642)
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑
Exposure to electricity (166)
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
Exposure to temperature extremes (53)
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑
Exposure to other harmful substances (379)
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
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⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
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⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
Inhalation of harmful substance (59)
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
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⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
Fire or explosion (99)
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
Lots of emphasis on fires
We go to all kinds of trouble to control fires:
XP motors,
combustible gas detection,
intrinsically-safe devices,
no-smoking zones...
and it works
But fires aren't the only problem
We need to put the same kind of emphasis into
eliminating the other causes of workplace death
When was your last close call?
Years? Months? Weeks? Days?
Test your situation
Could you safely walk a
competent temp through your job
over a Zoom or FaceTime call?
Spaces reflect choices
Better spaces matter
Policies, procedures, & paper reveal priorities
Remember

Not every space has to be
First Class, but we
shouldn't tolerate
working in Third Class

It's not the up-front cost
that matters most, it's the
life-cycle value

Working spaces affect
work quality

Communities could make
their pump stations and
WWTPs "cool as s**t" if
they wanted to

Water workers are front-
line pre-rescuers (can't
fight a fire without water)

We've nearly ended
workplace fire deaths;
let's halt other hazards
Thank you!
Brian Gongol
DJ Gongol & Associates
515-223-4144
brian@gongol.net
@djgongol on Facebook/LinkedIn/Twitter
Sources

Surfside condominium collapse:
https://www.washingtonpost.com/investigations/interactive/2021/pool-deck-condo-collapse/

OSHA citations:
https://www.osha.gov/data/commonstats
https://www.osha.gov/top10citedstandards

OSHA fatalities:
https://www.bls.gov/news.release/cfoi.t02.htm

Construction prices:

Commercial:
https://proest.com/construction/cost-estimates/office-buildings/

Residential:
https://www.thisoldhouse.com/home-finances/21722334/cost-to-build-a-house

Morton building:
https://mortonbuildings.com/blog/what-does-a-morton-buildings-home-cost

Barns:
https://www.buildingsguide.com/faq/how-much-does-storage-horse-barn-cost/

Des Moines Fire Department station photograph:

https://opnarchitects.com/portfolio/city-of-des-moines-fire-logistics-and-training-facility/

"Cool" fire station news story screenshot:

https://qctimes.com/news/local/govt-and-politics/cool-as-s-t-davenport-unveils-designs-for-new-firestation/article_eb348e86-4477-
5c5c-9b23-d139e0cced3b.html

All other photos and illustrations (except emoji) are the original work of the author

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Rescue the rescuer first - v17

  • 1. RESCUE THE RESCUER FIRST Brian Gongol DJ Gongol & Associates, Inc. March 15, 2022 Nebraska Rural Water Association Annual Conference Kearney, Nebraska
  • 2. Should we treat operators like customers?
  • 3. Should we treat operators like customers? The question isn't nearly as stupid as it may sound
  • 4. After all, most operators are customers
  • 5. But this is more of a business question
  • 6. Specifically: When did it fall out of fashion to talk about protecting the lives and safety of water and wastewater workers, as if it were a top priority in the design and operation of public water and wastewater systems?
  • 7. Don't forget your history There was a time when the American public marveled at the advancements in water-related sanitation because they still remembered how awful things were beforehand
  • 8. Look at that lovely ornamentation
  • 9. It's more than symbolic Even though much of the work related to that progress was far more dangerous than it is today, there was a sense that the people working in the sector were public heroes
  • 11. That's five straight columns of water op/ed
  • 12. Today's standards  Should be: "How safe can we make this for operators?"  Too often are: "How cheaply can we get this done while meeting the minimum standards from OSHA?"
  • 13. Hard truth Things would look different if we authentically saw water-sector operators as essential community safety providers -- and treated them as well on the job as they treat their customers
  • 14. How do we get to that state of mind?
  • 15. Humanizing the value of quality spaces
  • 16. Find the root cause
  • 20. This is not about resenting the rich
  • 21. This is not about resenting the rich But it is about the consequences of "out of sight, out of mind"
  • 23. Surfside condominium collapse Everything looked good in the 1st class spaces (pool and lobby)
  • 24. Surfside condominium collapse Everything looked good in the 1st class spaces (pool and lobby) People looked past the 2nd class spaces (parking garage)
  • 25. Surfside condominium collapse Everything looked good in the 1st class spaces (pool and lobby) People looked past the 2nd class spaces (parking garage) 3rd class spaces were clearly ignored (pool mechanical equipment rooms)
  • 26. The collapse killed 98 people ⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰ ⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰ ⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰ ⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰ ⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰ ⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰ ⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰ ⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰ ⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰ ⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰⚰
  • 27. We are shaped by our built environments
  • 28. Spaces, classified (not classified spaces) (Of course, those matter, too)
  • 29. 1st Class: Meant to be seen
  • 30. 2nd Class: Not embarrassing, not noteworthy
  • 31. Let's linger on 2nd Class, though
  • 32. 3rd Class: Meant to be unseen
  • 33. Comparative costs per square foot to build
  • 34. Comparative costs per square foot to build  Class A office space: $150 to $200/sf (and up)  Residential: $150/sf (and up)  Prefab: $125/sf  Morton building: $75 to $125/sf  Wooden barn: $30 to $45/sf
  • 35. Cost comparisons It's not about the absolute cost you choose, it's about the difference between that and the least you could get away with -- the marginal cost.
  • 37. Justifying the marginal difference  Quantify the cost of neglect: It's not cost-free to leave things unattended and under-maintained
  • 38. Justifying the marginal difference  Note the savings from better spaces: Fewer service calls Savings from performing work onsite Lower insurance risk
  • 39. Justifying the marginal difference  Recognize the implicit risk: Water and wastewater operators die in bad spaces every year, mostly for no good reason. This is a solvable problem.
  • 40. Justifying the marginal difference  Show the benefits: You wouldn't go to a dirty dentist's office, would you? You wouldn't expect an auto mechanic to repair your car outdoors in the winter, would you? You wouldn't expect the city council to meet in a dry pit, would you?
  • 41. But spaces aren't the only factor that matters
  • 42. QUERY: Who here is a volunteer firefighter?
  • 43. Rescue the rescuer first Don't drown a lifeguard to save a swimmer
  • 44. We rightly treat fire stations as a big deal Proudly featured (with good cause) on the website of OPN Architects
  • 45. Fire stations are centerpieces
  • 46. Things are different when people are watching
  • 47. Things are different when people are watching Why do Chicago fire stations look good? The Great Chicago Fire of 1871 permanently set high community expectations
  • 49. Broken-down fire equipment? Unthinkable. This is maintenance and upkeep you perform right in front of everybody
  • 50. Fair equivalence WTPs, WWTPs, pump stations, and other facilities have to be at least at the fire department level of cleanliness, comfort, and utility
  • 51. Water workers are front-line "rescuers"
  • 52. Water workers are front-line "rescuers" Want to put hospitals into an instant crisis? Shut down drinking water and wastewater treatment.
  • 54. Can you guess the top OSHA citations?
  • 55. #1 - Fall protection
  • 56. #2 - Hazard communication
  • 57. #3 - Respiratory protection
  • 58. #4 - Construction scaffolding
  • 60. #6 - Control of hazardous energy
  • 61. #7 - Powered industrial trucks
  • 62. #8 - Fall protection training
  • 63. #9 - Eye and face protection
  • 64. #10 - Machinery guarding
  • 65. Guess the top causes of workplace fatalities  For FY2019, per OSHA  Not including workplace violence or traffic fatalities  Put these in order:  Fires/explosions  Chemical exposure  Falls  Contact with objects
  • 66. #1: Fall, slip, or trip (880) ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
  • 67. Fall on same level (146) ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
  • 68. Fall to lower level (711) ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑
  • 69. Fall through surface or opening (95) ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
  • 70. #2: Contact with objects and equipment (732) ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑
  • 71. Struck by object or equipment (518) ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
  • 72. Struck by falling objects (241) ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑
  • 73. Struck by discharged or flying object (26) ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
  • 74. Caught/compressed by objects (120) ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
  • 75. Caught in running equipment (93) ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑
  • 76. Harmful substances or environments (642) ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑
  • 77. Exposure to electricity (166) ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
  • 78. Exposure to temperature extremes (53) ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑
  • 79. Exposure to other harmful substances (379) ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
  • 80. Inhalation of harmful substance (59) ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
  • 81. Fire or explosion (99) ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑ ⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑⛑
  • 82. Lots of emphasis on fires We go to all kinds of trouble to control fires: XP motors, combustible gas detection, intrinsically-safe devices, no-smoking zones... and it works
  • 83. But fires aren't the only problem We need to put the same kind of emphasis into eliminating the other causes of workplace death
  • 84. When was your last close call? Years? Months? Weeks? Days?
  • 85. Test your situation Could you safely walk a competent temp through your job over a Zoom or FaceTime call?
  • 88. Policies, procedures, & paper reveal priorities
  • 89. Remember  Not every space has to be First Class, but we shouldn't tolerate working in Third Class  It's not the up-front cost that matters most, it's the life-cycle value  Working spaces affect work quality  Communities could make their pump stations and WWTPs "cool as s**t" if they wanted to  Water workers are front- line pre-rescuers (can't fight a fire without water)  We've nearly ended workplace fire deaths; let's halt other hazards
  • 90. Thank you! Brian Gongol DJ Gongol & Associates 515-223-4144 brian@gongol.net @djgongol on Facebook/LinkedIn/Twitter
  • 91. Sources  Surfside condominium collapse: https://www.washingtonpost.com/investigations/interactive/2021/pool-deck-condo-collapse/  OSHA citations: https://www.osha.gov/data/commonstats https://www.osha.gov/top10citedstandards  OSHA fatalities: https://www.bls.gov/news.release/cfoi.t02.htm  Construction prices:  Commercial: https://proest.com/construction/cost-estimates/office-buildings/  Residential: https://www.thisoldhouse.com/home-finances/21722334/cost-to-build-a-house  Morton building: https://mortonbuildings.com/blog/what-does-a-morton-buildings-home-cost  Barns: https://www.buildingsguide.com/faq/how-much-does-storage-horse-barn-cost/  Des Moines Fire Department station photograph:  https://opnarchitects.com/portfolio/city-of-des-moines-fire-logistics-and-training-facility/  "Cool" fire station news story screenshot:  https://qctimes.com/news/local/govt-and-politics/cool-as-s-t-davenport-unveils-designs-for-new-firestation/article_eb348e86-4477- 5c5c-9b23-d139e0cced3b.html  All other photos and illustrations (except emoji) are the original work of the author