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Best Practices
Requirements Management
@Inflectra | #InflectraCon
Dr. Sriram Rajagopalan
Education
Work
Experience
Training &
Certification
Teaching &
Training
PhD, MBA, MS, BE
PfMP, PgMP, PMP, SP,
RMP, ACP, CSM, CSPO,
ACC, CSD, SCT, CSOXP,
SSBB, Instructional
Designer, Speaker,
Writer, and Author
Software Engineer,
Team Leader,
Business Analyst,
Project Manager,
Scrum Master, Agile
Coach, Director,
Vice President
US, Canada,
India, Vietnam,
Belgium,
Ireland, Greece,
& Switzerland
@agilesriram
Being Strategic (and Successful)
About Requirements Gathering
Sriram Rajagopalan, PgMP Apr 25, 2019
Starting
the
Problem
Half
Solved
 Impact of Poor Requirements
 Needs Assessment
 Strategic Fit
 Operational Excellence
DISCUSSION ROADMAP
Understanding the
Importance and Value of
Robust Project
Requirements Gathering
Mostly Known Failure Causes
Poor
Scheduling
Inaccurate
Business
Case
Communication
Issues
Unclear
objectives to
Team
Quality
Compromises
Vague
Responsibility
Inefficient
Resource
Estimation
Stakeholder
Challenges
Management
Priorities
Inaccurate
Business Case
Unclear
objectives to
Team
Management
Priorities
Requirements Communication
7
“Hmm…what if the Project
Manager is the hidden
contributing factor for
starting the project right?”
I wonder…
More Awesome
Value
Very Good
Value
Awesome
Value
Projects
Outputs
Produce
Capabilities
Portfolio
Realized
Benefits Meets
Strategic
Objectives
Programs
Outcomes
Generate
Benefits
Relate to the Essential Needs
Always start with a Strategic MVP
Idea
Epic 1
Theme A
Theme B
Epic 2
Theme C
Theme D
Feature I
Feature II
Need a
Need b
Need c
T0 T10 T50
Time
Dreams Castles
Granularity
Big House Maintainable Home 2 BR, etc.
Package Component
Requirements
Various types of
Requirements to suit
program or project
needs
Support for scenario
steps and workflow
for every type of
requirement
Requirements have a Lifecycle
Needs
Assessment
Requirements
Management
Requirements
Elicitation
Requirements
Analysis
Requirements
Monitoring
Solution
Evaluation
Use Cases and User Stories
User Stories lack the context to a
larger goal
User Stories lack completeness
encompassing all aspects of a goal
User Stories do not forecast what work
may be coming up
Use Cases
•Prerequisite
•Description
•Actor
•Basic Flow
•Alternative Flow
•Exception Flow
•Post-Condition
User Stories
•Card
•Conversation
•Confirmation
Use Case and User Stories Relationship
Use Case A
Use Case K
Use Case
M
Product BacklogRoadmap
Iteration Backlog
Review
Need Features Design Element
Quality
Use Case User Stories
Market
ResearchUse Case Z
Low Customer / Client’s Understanding of What They Want High
The Requirements - Competency Matrix
High
Team’sCompetencyLevel
• Good Customer
Articulation
• Good Team Evaluation
• Poor Customer
Articulation
• Good Team Evaluation
• Poor Customer
Articulation
• Poor Team Evaluation
• Good Customer
Articulation
• Poor Team Evaluation
How Volatile Are
Our Requirements?
[ Articulation ]
[Evaluation]
Think through the Requirement
Categories
Not all
requirements
are the same!
So, why not
differentiate
them?
Some
requirements
one to think
through the
scenarios!
Use Themes as main goals
Aligns with the
strategic product
roadmap by mapping
themes (components)
in product backlog
Keep team engaged
with releases and
iterations
Stated
P
Actual
erceived
Cultural
Exploited
Clearly specific
needs are often
explicitly expressed
THE NEED
STATED
THE NEED
Values gained by
choosing a product often
as implicitly expected but
not stated explicitly
PERCEIVED
THE NEED
Satisfaction associated
with the expected benefits
met by unspoken and
spoken needs
ACTUAL
THE NEED
Needs other than direct
features and benefits
setting the decisions apart
ahead of competition
CULTURAL
THE NEED
Needs that have
vulnerabilities from abuse
and misuse preferring not
to be exposed to and so
to be avoided
EXPLOITED
Engage with Stakeholders gathering & reviewing Requirements
Helps with
business value
prioritization and
alignment
Realizes DEEP
property with
more clarity
Align functionality based on Strategic Value Alignment
Categorizing requirements by value alignment
Wait! We have a Workflow Support too!
Customizable
Workflow based
on business
needs
Multiple
workflows
based on
requirement
types
Supports agile
principles of
transparency,
inspection, and
adaptation.
Includes
support for
Digital
Signature too!
SSuccess
Criteria
SEE through Delivery
Not just priority but also a pre-negotiated
customer acceptance criteria
Well articulated criteria on when work will
be accepted downstream within teams
Well understood criteria on when additional
work or investment will not be made
EEntry
Criteria
EExit
Criteria
Promote auditable
dialog for requirements
through its delivery,
transition, and
sustenance life cycle
Incorporate
workflow operation
discipline to
promote entry/exit
criteria
Expand with
traceability to
other artifacts
to track the
quality of
requirements!
Requirements Mind Map View
Brand New
functionality to
create a mind
map view
Conclusion
+
Operational
Excellence
Strategic
Fit
Needs
Assessment
Requirements Management Best practice

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Requirements Management Best practice

  • 2. Dr. Sriram Rajagopalan Education Work Experience Training & Certification Teaching & Training PhD, MBA, MS, BE PfMP, PgMP, PMP, SP, RMP, ACP, CSM, CSPO, ACC, CSD, SCT, CSOXP, SSBB, Instructional Designer, Speaker, Writer, and Author Software Engineer, Team Leader, Business Analyst, Project Manager, Scrum Master, Agile Coach, Director, Vice President US, Canada, India, Vietnam, Belgium, Ireland, Greece, & Switzerland @agilesriram
  • 3. Being Strategic (and Successful) About Requirements Gathering Sriram Rajagopalan, PgMP Apr 25, 2019 Starting the Problem Half Solved
  • 4.  Impact of Poor Requirements  Needs Assessment  Strategic Fit  Operational Excellence DISCUSSION ROADMAP Understanding the Importance and Value of Robust Project Requirements Gathering
  • 5. Mostly Known Failure Causes Poor Scheduling Inaccurate Business Case Communication Issues Unclear objectives to Team Quality Compromises Vague Responsibility Inefficient Resource Estimation Stakeholder Challenges Management Priorities Inaccurate Business Case Unclear objectives to Team Management Priorities
  • 7. 7 “Hmm…what if the Project Manager is the hidden contributing factor for starting the project right?” I wonder…
  • 8. More Awesome Value Very Good Value Awesome Value Projects Outputs Produce Capabilities Portfolio Realized Benefits Meets Strategic Objectives Programs Outcomes Generate Benefits Relate to the Essential Needs
  • 9. Always start with a Strategic MVP Idea Epic 1 Theme A Theme B Epic 2 Theme C Theme D Feature I Feature II Need a Need b Need c T0 T10 T50 Time Dreams Castles Granularity Big House Maintainable Home 2 BR, etc. Package Component Requirements Various types of Requirements to suit program or project needs Support for scenario steps and workflow for every type of requirement
  • 10. Requirements have a Lifecycle Needs Assessment Requirements Management Requirements Elicitation Requirements Analysis Requirements Monitoring Solution Evaluation
  • 11. Use Cases and User Stories User Stories lack the context to a larger goal User Stories lack completeness encompassing all aspects of a goal User Stories do not forecast what work may be coming up Use Cases •Prerequisite •Description •Actor •Basic Flow •Alternative Flow •Exception Flow •Post-Condition User Stories •Card •Conversation •Confirmation
  • 12. Use Case and User Stories Relationship Use Case A Use Case K Use Case M Product BacklogRoadmap Iteration Backlog Review Need Features Design Element Quality Use Case User Stories Market ResearchUse Case Z
  • 13. Low Customer / Client’s Understanding of What They Want High The Requirements - Competency Matrix High Team’sCompetencyLevel • Good Customer Articulation • Good Team Evaluation • Poor Customer Articulation • Good Team Evaluation • Poor Customer Articulation • Poor Team Evaluation • Good Customer Articulation • Poor Team Evaluation How Volatile Are Our Requirements? [ Articulation ] [Evaluation]
  • 14. Think through the Requirement Categories Not all requirements are the same! So, why not differentiate them? Some requirements one to think through the scenarios!
  • 15. Use Themes as main goals Aligns with the strategic product roadmap by mapping themes (components) in product backlog Keep team engaged with releases and iterations
  • 17. Clearly specific needs are often explicitly expressed THE NEED STATED
  • 18. THE NEED Values gained by choosing a product often as implicitly expected but not stated explicitly PERCEIVED
  • 19. THE NEED Satisfaction associated with the expected benefits met by unspoken and spoken needs ACTUAL
  • 20. THE NEED Needs other than direct features and benefits setting the decisions apart ahead of competition CULTURAL
  • 21. THE NEED Needs that have vulnerabilities from abuse and misuse preferring not to be exposed to and so to be avoided EXPLOITED
  • 22. Engage with Stakeholders gathering & reviewing Requirements Helps with business value prioritization and alignment Realizes DEEP property with more clarity
  • 23. Align functionality based on Strategic Value Alignment Categorizing requirements by value alignment
  • 24. Wait! We have a Workflow Support too! Customizable Workflow based on business needs Multiple workflows based on requirement types Supports agile principles of transparency, inspection, and adaptation. Includes support for Digital Signature too!
  • 25. SSuccess Criteria SEE through Delivery Not just priority but also a pre-negotiated customer acceptance criteria Well articulated criteria on when work will be accepted downstream within teams Well understood criteria on when additional work or investment will not be made EEntry Criteria EExit Criteria
  • 26. Promote auditable dialog for requirements through its delivery, transition, and sustenance life cycle Incorporate workflow operation discipline to promote entry/exit criteria Expand with traceability to other artifacts to track the quality of requirements!
  • 27. Requirements Mind Map View Brand New functionality to create a mind map view

Editor's Notes

  1. This cover page represents two connotations. The word “half” is illustrated by the two halves of the slide. The left title section is cut in half by the problem sketches on the right. Since we naturally read from left to right, this entire slides represents the progression (left to right) towards a solution. Hence we are looking at a half-solved problem. Google Image: Heading > Problem Solving
  2. It is best if you can limit primary chapter breaks to 4.
  3. Morrison Explanation To be written
  4. This slide is my alternative to your slide # 3 – man sitting on books thinking
  5. This slide is an alternative to Technique # 4 – slide 12 This contains animation builds activated by clicks – some are automated. Note: You will notice this slide doesn’t contain as much text in your original slide. The intent of this version is just to highlight the location and value of the quadrant. It is what you will say to each quadrant that is more important (which can be the verbiage from your original slide). The “No” hashed circle and Checkmark icons are your slide two animations. They are used to emphasize danger and acceptance areas.
  6. Morrison Explanation When I see the “word” space, I think of outer space. What better way to get your audience to remember this technique by visually getting them to understand what the term means. Visual association is one of the better techniques for memory retention.
  7. Morrison Explanation Rather than have all the data in one chart, it is broken up to allow you to zero in on each one. The side is designed to have your audience focused on just the point that you are discussing and not wondering onto any of the other listed needs.
  8. Morrison Explanation Rather than have all the data in one chart, it is broken up to allow you to zero in on each one. The side is designed to have your audience focused on just the point that you are discussing and not wondering onto any of the other listed needs.
  9. Morrison Explanation Rather than have all the data in one chart, it is broken up to allow you to zero in on each one. The side is designed to have your audience focused on just the point that you are discussing and not wondering onto any of the other listed needs.
  10. Morrison Explanation Rather than have all the data in one chart, it is broken up to allow you to zero in on each one. The side is designed to have your audience focused on just the point that you are discussing and not wondering onto any of the other listed needs.
  11. Morrison Explanation Rather than have all the data in one chart, it is broken up to allow you to zero in on each one. The side is designed to have your audience focused on just the point that you are discussing and not wondering onto any of the other listed needs.
  12. This Conclusion Slide is a replacement for your same named slide # 18