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Required Minimum Distributions
By Derek Finney
What are they?
If you have a tax-deferred investment account like an IRA, SEP, SIMPLE or even a 401(k), you should be
aware that Required Minimum Distributions (RMD’s) exist. During your working years, you made contributions to
these accounts on a tax-deferred basis. This is key, in that deferred means until later in life, once you attain age 70
½. At this you are required to withdraw this minimum amount from your account each year. Your withdrawals will
then be included in your taxable income, except for any portion that was taxed before, or that can be received tax-
free, such as qualified distributions from designated Roth IRA accounts. The reason you are required to make
withdrawals is the taxes being paid. The U.S. Government has allowed you to keep the investments in your IRA
free of taxes until now. Once you make withdrawals, you are also required to pay taxes at your ordinary rate.
How are they calculated?
To calculate your RMD for any year, you divide the account balance as of the end of the preceding calendar
year by a distribution period from the IRS’ “Uniform Life Table.” A separate table is used only if the sole
beneficiary is the owner’s spouse who is ten or more years younger than the owner. These tables can be found
online on the IRS website (www.irs.gov).
When are they to be taken out?
IRA’s (Traditional, SEP & Simple)
- April 1 of the year following the calendar year in which you reach the age 70½
401(k), Profit-Sharing, 403(b) or another defined contribution plan
- April 1 following the later of the calendar year in which you either:
o reach the age 70½, or
o retire.
Example 1
You are retired and your 70th
birthday was June 30, 2015. You reach age 70½ on December 30, 2015. Thus, you
must take your first RMD (for 2015) by April 1, 2016.
Example 2
You are retired and your 70th
birthday was July 1, 2015. You reach age 70½ on January 1, 2016. Here, you would
not have an RMD for 2015. You must take your first RMD (for 2016) by April 1, 2017.
Which accounts do these rules apply to?
- Traditional IRA
- SEP (Simplified Employee Pension) IRA
- Simple IRA
- 401(k) Plan
- 403(b) Plan
- 457(b) Plan
- Profit-Sharing Plan
- Other defined contribution plans

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Required Minimum Distributions

  • 1. Required Minimum Distributions By Derek Finney What are they? If you have a tax-deferred investment account like an IRA, SEP, SIMPLE or even a 401(k), you should be aware that Required Minimum Distributions (RMD’s) exist. During your working years, you made contributions to these accounts on a tax-deferred basis. This is key, in that deferred means until later in life, once you attain age 70 ½. At this you are required to withdraw this minimum amount from your account each year. Your withdrawals will then be included in your taxable income, except for any portion that was taxed before, or that can be received tax- free, such as qualified distributions from designated Roth IRA accounts. The reason you are required to make withdrawals is the taxes being paid. The U.S. Government has allowed you to keep the investments in your IRA free of taxes until now. Once you make withdrawals, you are also required to pay taxes at your ordinary rate. How are they calculated? To calculate your RMD for any year, you divide the account balance as of the end of the preceding calendar year by a distribution period from the IRS’ “Uniform Life Table.” A separate table is used only if the sole beneficiary is the owner’s spouse who is ten or more years younger than the owner. These tables can be found online on the IRS website (www.irs.gov). When are they to be taken out? IRA’s (Traditional, SEP & Simple) - April 1 of the year following the calendar year in which you reach the age 70½ 401(k), Profit-Sharing, 403(b) or another defined contribution plan - April 1 following the later of the calendar year in which you either: o reach the age 70½, or o retire. Example 1 You are retired and your 70th birthday was June 30, 2015. You reach age 70½ on December 30, 2015. Thus, you must take your first RMD (for 2015) by April 1, 2016. Example 2 You are retired and your 70th birthday was July 1, 2015. You reach age 70½ on January 1, 2016. Here, you would not have an RMD for 2015. You must take your first RMD (for 2016) by April 1, 2017. Which accounts do these rules apply to? - Traditional IRA - SEP (Simplified Employee Pension) IRA - Simple IRA - 401(k) Plan - 403(b) Plan - 457(b) Plan - Profit-Sharing Plan - Other defined contribution plans