The document discusses effective documentation in research reports and presentations. It notes that reports provide a framework for future work in an area, communicate research findings, and establish the strength of results. Reports include brief, detailed, technical and business reports. An effective report structure includes preliminary, background, methodology, findings and conclusions sections. The preliminary section outlines the title, contents, summary and acknowledgements. The background section defines the problem, introduces the study and reviews literature. The methodology section describes the research design, sampling, data collection and analysis. The findings section presents results and interpretations. The conclusions section makes recommendations and notes limitations. Effective reports have a clear mandate, methodology, and presentation of representative findings. Graphs, tables, slides and hand

1. REPORT WRITING AND PRESENTATIONS OF
RESULTS

2. SLIDE 20-1
Significance of effective documentation
• Provides a framework for the work that can be conducted in
the same or related areas
• Is a one-way communication of the researcher’s study and
analysis
• A knowledge base on the topic under study
• Provides the necessary guidance for taking appropriate actions.
• Authenticates the quality of the work carried out and
• Establishes the strength of the findings obtained.

3. SLIDE 20-2
Types of research reports
• Brief reports
- working papers/basic reports
- survey reports
• Detailed reports
• Technical reports
• Business reports

4. SLIDE 20-3
Report structure
Preliminary Section
 Title Page
 Letter of Authorization
 Executive Summary
 Acknowledgements
 Table of Contents
Background Section
 Problem Statement
 Study Introduction & Background
 Scope & Objectives of the Study
 Review of Literature
Methodology Section
 Research Design
 Sampling Design
 Data Collection
 Data Analysis
Findings Section
 Results
 Interpretation of Results
Conclusions Section
 Conclusion & Recommendations
 Limitations of the Study
Appendices
Glossary of terms
Bibliography

5. SLIDE 20-4
Preliminary section
• Title page
• Letter of transmittal
• Letter of authorization
• Table of contents
• Executive summary
• Acknowledgements

6. SLIDE 20-5
Background section
• Problem definition
• Study background
• Review of literature
• Study scope & objectives

7. SLIDE 20-6
Methodology section
• Research frame work or design
• Sampling design
• Data collection methodology
• Data analysis
• Study results & findings

8. SLIDE 20-7
CONCEPTS AND
Final section
• Interpretation of results
• Conclusions & recommendations
• Limitations of the study

9. SLIDE 20-8
End notes
• Appendices
• Bibliography
• Footnotes
• Glossary of terms

10. SLIDE 20-9
Effective report writing
• Clear report mandate
• Clearly defined methodology
• Clear presentation of findings
• Representativeness of study findings

11. SLIDE 20-11
CONCEPTS AND
Guidelines for presenting tabular data
• Table title
• Table identification number
• Data arrays
• Measurement units
• Space, lines and rulings
• Assumptions details and comments
• Data sources
• Special mention

12. SLIDE 20-12
Illustration: tabular data

13. SLIDE 20-13
Line & curve graph

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Area or stratum graph

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Area or stratum graph

16. SLIDE 20-16
Pie chart

17. SLIDE 20-17
Bar chart

18. SLIDE 20-18
Histogram

19. SLIDE 20-19
Oral presentations
• Study background
• Study findings
• Study implications

20. SLIDE 20-20
Oral presentations
• Handouts
• Slides
• Flipcharts & chalkboards
• Video & audio tapes