Report File On RedTacton

RedTacton Technical Seminar 2014- 15
Dept of IT, GEHU P a g e | 1
GRAPHIC ERA HILL UNIVERSITY
BHIMTAL (UTTARAKHAND)
Technical Seminar Report
On
“RedTacton”
Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the VII semester
Bachelor of Technology
in
Information Technology
by
Rajendra Dangwal
Under the Guidance of
Astt. Prof Somil Gupta
Coordinator
BHIMTAL(UTTARAKHAND)

DDEEPPAARRTTMMEENNTT OOFF CCOOMMPPUUTTEERR SSCCII EENNCCEE AANNDD EENNGGIINNEEEERRIINNGG
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the Technical Seminar Report entitled “RedTacton” is
a bonafide Seminar work carried out by Rajendra Dangwal in partial
fulfillment of Award of Degree of Bachelor of Technology in Information
Technology, of Graphic Era Hill University, Bhimtal, during the academic
year 2014-2015. It is certified that all corrections/suggestions indicated for
Internal Assessment have been incorporated. The Seminar has been
approved as it satisfies the academic requirements associated with the degree
mentioned.
Seminar Guide Head of the Dept.
Astt. Prof Somil Gupta. Prof. M.C. Lohani

DDEECCLLAARRAATTIIOONN
I, Rajendra Dangwal, student of VIIth semester B.Tech, Department of
Computer Science and Engineering, Graphic Era Hill University
Bhimtal(Uttarakhand), declare that the Technical Seminar Work entitled
“RedTacton” has been carried out by me and submitted in partial
fulfillment of the course requirements for the award of degree in Bachelor
of Technology in Information Technology of Graphic Era Hill
University, Bhimtal(Uttarakhand) during the academic year 2014-2015.
The matter embodied in this report has not been submitted to any other
university or institution for the award of any other degree or diploma.
Place : Bhimtal Rajendra Dangwal

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Here by I am submitting the Technical Seminar Report on “RedTacton”, as
per the scheme of Graphic Era Hill University Bhimtal (Uttarakhand).
I would like to express my sincere gratitude to Prof. M.C. LOHANI , Head
of Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering, for providing a congenial
environment to work in and carryout my seminar.
I consider it my cardinal duty to express the deepest sense of gratitude to
Astt. Prof Somil Gupta, Department of Computer Science and Engineering,
for the invaluable guidance extended at every stage and in every possible
way.
Finally I am very much thankful to all the faculty members of the
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, my seniors, friends and
my parents for their constant encouragement, support and help throughout
the Period of Seminar Conduction.
Rajendra Dangwal

Abstract
RedTacton is a new innovative Human Area Networking technology that
turns the surface of the human body as a safe, high speed network
transmission path.
RedTacton takes a different technical approach. Instead of relying on
electromagnetic waves or light waves to carry data, RedTacton uses weak
electric fields on the surface of the bodyas a transmission medium.
Using RedTacton, communication starts when terminals carried by the user
or embedded in devices are linked in various combinations according to the
user's natural, physical movements.
Communication is possible using any body surfaces, such as the hands,
fingers, arms, feet, face, legs or toes. RedTacton works through shoes and
clothing as well.
A transmission path is formed at the moment a part of the human body
comes in contact with a RedTacton transceiver, physically separating ends
the contact and thus ends communication.
A RedTacton transmitter couples with extremely weak electric fields on the
surface of the body. The weak electric fields pass through the body to a
RedTacton receiver, where the weak electric fields affect the optical
properties of an electro-optic crystal. The extent to which the optical
properties are changed is detected by laser light which is then converted to
an electrical signal by a detector circuit.
NTT developed super sensitive Photonic electric field sensor for detecting
minute electric field emitted on the surface of the human body.

Table of Contents
1. Introduction
1.1 What Is RedTacton?
1.2 History of HAN
1.3 Overview of RedTacton
2. Narration
2.1 How RedTacton works?
2.2 Mechanism of communication with RedTacton
2.3 RedTacton TRANSCEIVER
2.4 FUNCTIONAL FEATURES
2.5 Features of RedTacton
3. Applications
3.1 Six major application field
4. Conclusion

Introduction
1.1 WHAT IS REDTACTON?
Human society is entering an era of omnipresent computing, when networks are
seamlessly interconnected and information is always accessible at our fingertips.
The practical implementation of omnipresent services requires three levels of
connectivity:
• Wide Area Networks (WAN), typically via the Internet, to remotely connect all
types of severs and terminals;
• Local Area Networks (LAN), typically via Ethernet or WiFi connectivity among
all the information and communication appliances in offices and homes; and
• Human Area Networks (HAN) for connectivity to personal information, media
and communication appliances within the much smaller sphere of ordinary daily
activities-- the last one meter.
NTT's RedTacton is a break-through technology that, for the first time, enables reliable
high-speed HAN.
Human Area Networking (HAN) is a technology that safely turns the surface of the
human body into a data transmission path at speeds up to 10 Mbps between any two
points on the body.
1.2 HISTORY OF HAN
In the past, Bluetooth, infrared communications (IrDA), radio frequency ID
systems (RFID), and other technologies have been proposed to solve the "last
meter" connectivity problem. However, they each have various fundamental
technical limitations that constrain their usage, such as the precipitous fall-off in
transmission speed in multi-user environments producing network congestion.
• The concept of intra-body communication was first proposed by IBM in 1996.

• This communication mechanism was later evaluated and reported by several
research groups around the world.
All those reported technologies had two limitations.
1. The operating range through the body was limited to a few tens of
centimeters.
2. The top communication speed was only 40 bit/s!!
These limitations were overcome by NTT (Nippon Telegraph and Telephone
Corporation) located in Tokyo, Japan by using photonic electric field sensors and finally
came up with a human area networking technology called
‘RedTacton’
1.3 OVERVIEW OF REDTACTON
• RedTacton is a new innovative Human Area Networking technology that
turns the surface of the human body as a safe, high speed network
transmission path.
• RedTacton takes a different technical approach. Instead of relying on
electromagnetic waves or light waves to carry data, RedTacton uses weak
electric fields on the surface of the body as a transmission medium.
• Using RedTacton, communication starts when terminals carried by the user or
embedded in devices are linked in various combinations according to the
user's natural, physical movements.
• Communication is possible using any body surfaces, such as the hands,
fingers, arms, feet, face, legs or toes. RedTacton works through shoes and
clothing as well.
• Technically, it is completely distinct from wireless and infrared. A
transmission path is formed at the moment a part of the human body comes in
contact with a RedTacton transceiver, physically separating ends the contact
and thus ends communication.
• A RedTacton transmitter couples with extremely weak electric fields on the
surface of the body. The weak electric fields pass through the body to a

RedTacton receiver, where the weak electric fields affect the optical
properties of an electro-optic crystal. The extent to which the optical
properties are changed is detected by laser light which is then converted to an
electrical signal by a detector circuit.
• NTT developed super sensitive Photonic electric field sensor for detecting
minute electric field emitted on the surface of the human body.
The electro-optic sensor has three key features:
It can measure electric fields from a device under test (DUT) without
contacting it, which minimizes measurement disturbance.
Ultra wide-band measurement is possible.
It supports one-point contact measurement that is independent of the
ground,
Which is the most significant feature in the present context.
NTT utilized this third feature to fabricate an intrabody communication receiver
For its human area networking technology, which is called RedTacton.
Meaning Of RedTacton?
TACTON: - “touch-act-on” Meaning “action triggered by touching”.
RED: - It is an auspicious color according to Japanese culture

RedTactontransceiver
Figure: 1.1
Figure 1.1 shows a photograph of the REDTACTON transceiver connected to a PDA and
a
block diagram of the REDTACTON transceiver developed by NTT.
• The transmitter consists of a transmitter circuit that induces electric fields toward
the body and a data sense circuit, which distinguishes transmitting and receiving
modes by detecting both transmission and reception data and outputs control
signals corresponding to the two modes to enable two-way communication.
• Implementation of receive-first half-duplex communication scheme that sends
only after checking to make sure that there is no data to receive in order to avoid
packet collisions
• RedTacton takes advantage of the long-overlooked electric field that surrounds
the human body.

NARRATION
2.1 HOW REDTACTON WORKS?
Figure 2.1 shows the working of the RED TACTON device over the surface of our
body
1. The RedTacton transmitter induces a weak electric field on the surface of the
body.
2. The RedTacton receiver senses changes in the weak electric field on the
surface of the body caused by the transmitter.
3. RedTacton relies upon the principle that the optical properties of an electro-optic
crystal can vary according to the changes of a weak electric field.
4. RedTacton detects changes in the optical properties of an electro-optic crystal
using a laser and converts the result to an electrical signal in a optical receiver
circuit
Multiple transceivers can be used simultaneously. This is because RedTacton uses a
proprietary CSMA/CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection)
protocol that allows multiple access with the same medium from multiple nodes.

2.2 MECHANISM OF COMMUNICATION WITH REDTACTON
Data is received using a photonic electric field sensor that combines an electro-
optic crystal and a laser light to detect fluctuations in the minute electric field. The
naturally occurring electric field induced on the surface of the human body dissipates into
the earth. Therefore, this electric field is exceptionally faint and unstable.
The photonic electric field sensor developed by NTT enables weak electric fields
to be measured by detecting changes in the optical properties of an electro-optic crystal
with a laser beam.
Figure: 2.2 Figure shows the various electric fields on the surface of our body induced
by the RedTacton device. Only a portion of the induced electric field is sensed by the
receiving RedTacton device. The remaining electric fields are dissipated to the ground.

2.3 RED TACTONTRANSCEIVER
Figure below shows the block diagram of a RED TACTON transceiver. The
signal from the interface is sent to the data sense circuit and the transmitter circuit. The
data sense circuit senses the signal and if the data is present it sends control signal to the
transmitter which activates the transmitter circuit. The transmitter circuit varies the
electric field on the surface of our body. This change in the electric field is detected by
the electro-optic sensor. The output of the electro-optic sensor is given to the detector
circuit, which in turn given to the interface of the receiving RED TACTON device.
Fig.2.4. Block diagram of Red TACTON transceiver

2.4 FUNCTIONAL FEATURES
1. A communications path can be created with a simple touch, automatically
initiating the flow of data between a body-centric electronic device and a
computer that is embedded in the environment. For example, two people
equipped with RedTacton devices could exchange data just by shaking hands.
A wide range of natural human actions grasping, sitting down, walking, or
standing in a particular place can be used to trigger RedTacton to start a
networked process.
2. Using a RedTacton electro-optic sensor, two-way communication is supported
between any two points on the body at a throughput of up to 10 Mbps.
Communication is not just confined to the surface of the body, but can travel
through the user's clothing to a RedTacton device in a pocket or through shoes to
communicate with a RedTacton device embedded in the floor. Unlike wireless
technologies, the transmission speed does not deteriorate even in the presence of
large crowds of people all communicating at the same time in meeting rooms,
auditoriums or stores. Because the body surface is the transmission path,
increasing the number of connected users directly increases the available number
of individual channels.

2.5 FEATURES OF REDTACTON
RedTacton has three main functional features…
1.
Touching, gripping, sitting, walking, stepping and other hum an movements can be the
triggers for unlocking or locking, starting or stopping equipment, or obtaining data.

2.
Bandwidth does n ot deteriorate even with duplex operations and simultaneous
access by many users. Duplex, interactive communication is possible at a maximum
speed of 10Mbps. Because the transmission path is on the surface of the body,
transmission speed does not deteriorate in congested areas where many people are
communicating at the same time.
Maximum communication speed may be slower than 10Mbps dependi ng on the usage
environment.

3
RedTacton can utilize a wide range of materials as a transmission medium, as long
as the material is conductive and dielectric, which includes water and other
liquids, various metals, certain plastics, glass, etc. Conductors
and dielectrics may also be used in combination.

APPLICATIONS
3.1 SIX MAJOR APPLICATION FIELDS USING REDTACTON ARE
INTRODUCED:
3.1.1 One to One services
With the ability to send attribute data from personal information devices worn on
the body to computers embedded in the environment, one-to-one services could be
implemented that are tailored to the individual needs of the user.
3.1.2 Intuitive operation of personal information
Communication is triggered by totally natural human actions and behavior,
so there is no need to insert smart cards, connect cables, tune frequencies, or any of the
other inconveniences usually associated with today's electronic devices.
Fig.3.3. A simple handshake can transfer data.
3.1.3 Device personalization
Setup, registration, and configuration information for an individual user can
all be uploaded to a device the instant the device is touched, eliminating the need for the
device to be registered or configured in advance.

3.1.4 New behavior patterns
Tables, walls, floors and chairs can all act as conductors and dielectrics,
turning furniture and other architectural elements into a new class of transmission
medium. For example, a user could have instant access to the Internet merely by placing
a laptop onto a conductive tabletop.
3.1.5 Marketing applications
When a consumer stands in front of an advertising panel, advertising and
information matching his or her attributes is automatically displayed. By touching or
standing in front of items they are interested in, consumers can get more in-depth
information.
Fig.3.4. A customer touching the advertising panel and getting information about
that advertisement through RedTacton device

CONCLUSION
REDTACTON is an exciting new technology for human area networking. We have
developed a transceiver that uses the human body as a data transmission medium based
on an electric-field sensor that uses an electro-optic crystal and laser light. Using this
transceiver, we succeeded in achieving 10BASE communication in accordance with
IEEE 802.3 through a human body from one hand to the other hand. While our
immediate objective is to implement a REDTACTON system supporting two-way intrabody
communication at a rate of 10 Mbit/s between any two points on the body, our longer-
term plans include developing a mass-market transceiver interface supporting PDAs and
notebook computers while continuing efforts to reduce the size and power consumption
of the transceiver to enhance its portability.
NTT is committed to using its comprehensive commercialization functions to
push this research out to the marketplace as quickly as possible while moving ahead With
tests and trials in collaboration with commercial partners as necessary.
The need for artificial body implants to communicate with each other as well as to
report back to a portable device could have quite some value. In fact, according to other
researchers, the most important application for body-based networking may well be for
these type of communications within, rather than on the surface of, or outside, the body.
RedTacton technology is expected to dominate Bluetooth technology in the
future. RedTacton technology could put the use of cables to an end. The problem faced
by the RedTacton technology is the cost of development. This technology brings a new
dimension of communication which effectively links the user to anyone he wants to
communicate. Since it provides high speed communication, it can provide seamless
service wherever, whenever and whoever uses it.

REFERENCES
• www.redtacton.com
• www.masternewmedia.org
• www.en.wikipedia.org
• http://www.spectrum.ieee.org/print/2596
• http://gizmodo.com
• http://www.authorstream.com
• http://sniptools.com
• http://www.oppapers.com/essays/Redtacton/166398
• http://www.scribd.com

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