The 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami killed over 230,000 people due to the lack of an early warning system. In response, countries around the Indian Ocean established a Regional Tsunami Watch Providers system to detect tsunamis and quickly notify member countries within 10 minutes. However, challenges remain in fully informing all at-risk populations and strengthening cooperation between countries. Effective tsunami warning systems require sustained funding, public education, and regional coordination.

1. Tsunami Warning System
S1180194 Masato Harada

2. Causes
2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami killed over 230,000 people
in fourteen countries. Was tsunami waning announced officially?
Why did many people die? There ware some causes.
・In those days, countries facing Indian Ocean did not
have tsunami warning System.
・Pacific Tsunami Warning Center(PTWC) perceived the tsunami.
But they only notify each country of it.
・Some countries was able not to understand importance of it.
・People did not understand about tsunami.

3. Tsunami Warning System(1)
Tsunami moves very first. So if it is calculated since it is
occurred, it attacks land before calculation is put out.
Therefore, experts make a study of earthquake and tsunami
which was occurred in the past and simulate numberless
situation. And when they infer that tsunami occurs, they
choose the most appropriate prediction result from database.
Experts simulate tsunami Tsunami Forecast Tsunami Forecast
in various situations. Database

4. Tsunami Warning System(2)
How do they perceive tsunami? PTWC and Japan Meteorological Agency
(JMA)set up many pressures gauge can detect movement of volumes of
water directly in sea. They always transmits change of wave to them.
And new method which use submarine cable is researched recently.
Electric field occurred by movement of seawater influences
submarine cable. Aforesaid method is safe, but it is costly. It may
be difficult for only developing countries to maintain the system.
But new method only needs submarine cable and voltmeter in theory.
Of course, it is still being
researched and put to
practical use.

5. Tsunami Warning System(3)
JMA and PTWC produce information about tsunami for countries
facing Indian Ocean. Of course, it is difficult that they
measure earthquake occurs in Indian ocean in Pacific Ocean.
Earthquake in occurs in the world is measured in red points in
the map below. And, meteorological satellites observes tsunami.
But these are provisional activities. It is important for
each country to make system which always watch out occurrence
of tsunami.

6. Tsunami Warning System in Indian Ocean(1)
It was decided that Regional Tsunami Watch Providers(RTWPs)
which shall consist of countries in Indian Ocean takes over
activity JMA and PTWC in there. As stand before, it is cost
to make and maintain Tsunami Warning System. So each country
do thing in close cooperation. Composition country of it
announce Tsunami Warning within 10 minute. And RTWP informs
each country that tsunami occurs.
Country in Indian Ocean
Member Nation
information Tsunami Warning
information
RTWP
information

7. Tsunami Warning System in Indian Ocean(2)
It is difficult to inform all people of Tsunami Warning.
Each country keeps watch on Emergency Alert System is
developed by Japan. When Tsunami Warning is announced
officially in Japan, it had been applied. And, even if
it is announced officially, It is not may made the best
use of enough. Government have to make minute comprehensive
disaster prevention plan in cooperation with people live in
each local neighborhood.
Tsunami Warning is All people escape
announced officially All people know it evacuation site

8. Tsunami Warning System in Indian Ocean(3)
The problem to be solved
● Securing the capital for the group.
●
Education for people and disaster drill
●
Strengthening of cooperation of countries