In these slides first i started with some comments made by legendary people in their field.Then i started with maxwellian equations and how they lead to special relativity and also how it make two different concepts time and space(what thought to be classically different) unified using lorentz transformations.These also give hint that we do not live in euclidean space but rather in minkowskian space and also gave the description of light cone. And in the end video to tell the big picture through visuals.
In these slides first i started with some comments made by legendary people in their field.Then i started with maxwellian equations and how they lead to special relativity and also how it make two different concepts time and space(what thought to be classically different) unified using lorentz transformations.These also give hint that we do not live in euclidean space but rather in minkowskian space and also gave the description of light cone. And in the end video to tell the big picture through visuals.
Time travel is one of my favorite topics! I wrote some time travel stories in junior high school that used a machine of my own invention to travel backwards in time, and I have continued to study this fascinating concept as the years have gone by. We all travel in time. During the last year, I've moved forward one year and so have you. Another way to say that is that we travel in time at the rate of 1 hour per hour.
But the question is, can we travel in time faster or slower than "1 hour per hour"? Or can we actually travel backward in time, going back, say 2 hours per hour, or 10 or 100 years per hour?
It is mind-boggling to think about time travel. What if you went back in time and prevented your father and mother from meeting? You would prevent yourself from ever having been born! But then if you hadn't been born, you could not have gone back in time to prevent them from meeting.
This is about TIME TRAVEL...........
In this presentation I try to give best knowledge about the time travel if you want to learn about this plz view ..........
Time travel is a recognized concept in philosophy and science, but whose scope is highly disputed, giving rise to numerous paradoxes in both philosophy and science. Time travel is considered by some accepted both in general relativity and quantum mechanics, but there is a unanimous consensus that it is not feasible with current technology. (Hawkins 2010) The raised issues are different for the time travel in the past compared to the time travel in the future.
DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.29776.76804/1
Cagayan de Oro has become one of the busiest cities in Mindanao. In fact, it is already considered to be a metropolis like Cebu and Manila. Due to its economic and population growth, a lot of businesses have been established here, some of them having grown along with the city. - http://www.abrown.ph
Time travel is one of my favorite topics! I wrote some time travel stories in junior high school that used a machine of my own invention to travel backwards in time, and I have continued to study this fascinating concept as the years have gone by. We all travel in time. During the last year, I've moved forward one year and so have you. Another way to say that is that we travel in time at the rate of 1 hour per hour.
But the question is, can we travel in time faster or slower than "1 hour per hour"? Or can we actually travel backward in time, going back, say 2 hours per hour, or 10 or 100 years per hour?
It is mind-boggling to think about time travel. What if you went back in time and prevented your father and mother from meeting? You would prevent yourself from ever having been born! But then if you hadn't been born, you could not have gone back in time to prevent them from meeting.
This is about TIME TRAVEL...........
In this presentation I try to give best knowledge about the time travel if you want to learn about this plz view ..........
Time travel is a recognized concept in philosophy and science, but whose scope is highly disputed, giving rise to numerous paradoxes in both philosophy and science. Time travel is considered by some accepted both in general relativity and quantum mechanics, but there is a unanimous consensus that it is not feasible with current technology. (Hawkins 2010) The raised issues are different for the time travel in the past compared to the time travel in the future.
DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.29776.76804/1
Cagayan de Oro has become one of the busiest cities in Mindanao. In fact, it is already considered to be a metropolis like Cebu and Manila. Due to its economic and population growth, a lot of businesses have been established here, some of them having grown along with the city. - http://www.abrown.ph
On November 27, 2013, Angela Melvin contributed two holiday recipes to the website of Fox 4 News, where she reports on morning traffic daily as an anchor. The recipes were part of a feature in the “4 in Your Corner” section of the site.
The population of Cagayan de Oro has been growing more and more each day. You would think it would run out of places to put people, but think again! There is always a room for people looking for properties in Cagayan de Oro.
Please visit http://www.abrown.ph/real-estate/
Looking for the perfect place to settle down and start a family can be rather tricky. Of course you want a place that’s safe, where necessary facilities like water and electricity are available.
We’d of course also like for it to be near our place of work or the children’s school. Maybe we’d also want a place near a mall so going out to do the groceries won’t be such a burden. We could have a lot of demands and wishes when it comes to investing in properties in Cagayan de Oro.
Please visit http://www.abrown.ph/real-estate/ to know more.
Although one of the younger social media platforms amongst the giants, Instagram is steadily making its way to the front of the line in capturing audiences of varying ages and interests. Big brands flock to this platform as they continue to capitalise on "moments" and conversations. In this comparative presentation, we share some insights on statistics in the global and South African markets and show you why it will work for your brand.
hello, friends it time for new scientific consideration ,usually what we think how time pass away,,,,,,,,,o come on i wish to get back in past...also in future......what you say???...take a look........
Richard's aventures in two entangled wonderlandsRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
What is greenhouse gasses and how many gasses are there to affect the Earth.moosaasad1975
What are greenhouse gasses how they affect the earth and its environment what is the future of the environment and earth how the weather and the climate effects.
Comparing Evolved Extractive Text Summary Scores of Bidirectional Encoder Rep...University of Maribor
Slides from:
11th International Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering (IcETRAN), Niš, 3-6 June 2024
Track: Artificial Intelligence
https://www.etran.rs/2024/en/home-english/
Nutraceutical market, scope and growth: Herbal drug technologyLokesh Patil
As consumer awareness of health and wellness rises, the nutraceutical market—which includes goods like functional meals, drinks, and dietary supplements that provide health advantages beyond basic nutrition—is growing significantly. As healthcare expenses rise, the population ages, and people want natural and preventative health solutions more and more, this industry is increasing quickly. Further driving market expansion are product formulation innovations and the use of cutting-edge technology for customized nutrition. With its worldwide reach, the nutraceutical industry is expected to keep growing and provide significant chances for research and investment in a number of categories, including vitamins, minerals, probiotics, and herbal supplements.
Multi-source connectivity as the driver of solar wind variability in the heli...Sérgio Sacani
The ambient solar wind that flls the heliosphere originates from multiple
sources in the solar corona and is highly structured. It is often described
as high-speed, relatively homogeneous, plasma streams from coronal
holes and slow-speed, highly variable, streams whose source regions are
under debate. A key goal of ESA/NASA’s Solar Orbiter mission is to identify
solar wind sources and understand what drives the complexity seen in the
heliosphere. By combining magnetic feld modelling and spectroscopic
techniques with high-resolution observations and measurements, we show
that the solar wind variability detected in situ by Solar Orbiter in March
2022 is driven by spatio-temporal changes in the magnetic connectivity to
multiple sources in the solar atmosphere. The magnetic feld footpoints
connected to the spacecraft moved from the boundaries of a coronal hole
to one active region (12961) and then across to another region (12957). This
is refected in the in situ measurements, which show the transition from fast
to highly Alfvénic then to slow solar wind that is disrupted by the arrival of
a coronal mass ejection. Our results describe solar wind variability at 0.5 au
but are applicable to near-Earth observatories.
THE IMPORTANCE OF MARTIAN ATMOSPHERE SAMPLE RETURN.Sérgio Sacani
The return of a sample of near-surface atmosphere from Mars would facilitate answers to several first-order science questions surrounding the formation and evolution of the planet. One of the important aspects of terrestrial planet formation in general is the role that primary atmospheres played in influencing the chemistry and structure of the planets and their antecedents. Studies of the martian atmosphere can be used to investigate the role of a primary atmosphere in its history. Atmosphere samples would also inform our understanding of the near-surface chemistry of the planet, and ultimately the prospects for life. High-precision isotopic analyses of constituent gases are needed to address these questions, requiring that the analyses are made on returned samples rather than in situ.
Deep Behavioral Phenotyping in Systems Neuroscience for Functional Atlasing a...Ana Luísa Pinho
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) provides means to characterize brain activations in response to behavior. However, cognitive neuroscience has been limited to group-level effects referring to the performance of specific tasks. To obtain the functional profile of elementary cognitive mechanisms, the combination of brain responses to many tasks is required. Yet, to date, both structural atlases and parcellation-based activations do not fully account for cognitive function and still present several limitations. Further, they do not adapt overall to individual characteristics. In this talk, I will give an account of deep-behavioral phenotyping strategies, namely data-driven methods in large task-fMRI datasets, to optimize functional brain-data collection and improve inference of effects-of-interest related to mental processes. Key to this approach is the employment of fast multi-functional paradigms rich on features that can be well parametrized and, consequently, facilitate the creation of psycho-physiological constructs to be modelled with imaging data. Particular emphasis will be given to music stimuli when studying high-order cognitive mechanisms, due to their ecological nature and quality to enable complex behavior compounded by discrete entities. I will also discuss how deep-behavioral phenotyping and individualized models applied to neuroimaging data can better account for the subject-specific organization of domain-general cognitive systems in the human brain. Finally, the accumulation of functional brain signatures brings the possibility to clarify relationships among tasks and create a univocal link between brain systems and mental functions through: (1) the development of ontologies proposing an organization of cognitive processes; and (2) brain-network taxonomies describing functional specialization. To this end, tools to improve commensurability in cognitive science are necessary, such as public repositories, ontology-based platforms and automated meta-analysis tools. I will thus discuss some brain-atlasing resources currently under development, and their applicability in cognitive as well as clinical neuroscience.
Slide 1: Title Slide
Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Slide 2: Introduction to Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Definition: Extrachromosomal inheritance refers to the transmission of genetic material that is not found within the nucleus.
Key Components: Involves genes located in mitochondria, chloroplasts, and plasmids.
Slide 3: Mitochondrial Inheritance
Mitochondria: Organelles responsible for energy production.
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in mitochondria.
Inheritance Pattern: Maternally inherited, meaning it is passed from mothers to all their offspring.
Diseases: Examples include Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) and mitochondrial myopathy.
Slide 4: Chloroplast Inheritance
Chloroplasts: Organelles responsible for photosynthesis in plants.
Chloroplast DNA (cpDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in chloroplasts.
Inheritance Pattern: Often maternally inherited in most plants, but can vary in some species.
Examples: Variegation in plants, where leaf color patterns are determined by chloroplast DNA.
Slide 5: Plasmid Inheritance
Plasmids: Small, circular DNA molecules found in bacteria and some eukaryotes.
Features: Can carry antibiotic resistance genes and can be transferred between cells through processes like conjugation.
Significance: Important in biotechnology for gene cloning and genetic engineering.
Slide 6: Mechanisms of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Non-Mendelian Patterns: Do not follow Mendel’s laws of inheritance.
Cytoplasmic Segregation: During cell division, organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts are randomly distributed to daughter cells.
Heteroplasmy: Presence of more than one type of organellar genome within a cell, leading to variation in expression.
Slide 7: Examples of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Four O’clock Plant (Mirabilis jalapa): Shows variegated leaves due to different cpDNA in leaf cells.
Petite Mutants in Yeast: Result from mutations in mitochondrial DNA affecting respiration.
Slide 8: Importance of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Evolution: Provides insight into the evolution of eukaryotic cells.
Medicine: Understanding mitochondrial inheritance helps in diagnosing and treating mitochondrial diseases.
Agriculture: Chloroplast inheritance can be used in plant breeding and genetic modification.
Slide 9: Recent Research and Advances
Gene Editing: Techniques like CRISPR-Cas9 are being used to edit mitochondrial and chloroplast DNA.
Therapies: Development of mitochondrial replacement therapy (MRT) for preventing mitochondrial diseases.
Slide 10: Conclusion
Summary: Extrachromosomal inheritance involves the transmission of genetic material outside the nucleus and plays a crucial role in genetics, medicine, and biotechnology.
Future Directions: Continued research and technological advancements hold promise for new treatments and applications.
Slide 11: Questions and Discussion
Invite Audience: Open the floor for any questions or further discussion on the topic.
2. content
• Time
• Newton's and Einstein's view of time
• Spacetime
• Illusion of past present and future
• Time and gravity
• Arrow of time
3. TIME
• Time, as a physical quantity, reminds us of duration,
measuring instruments – sand clocks, watches,
atomic clocks.
• Time is a thing that everybody knows until you ask
him to tell about it how it works etc
• One way to know about time is measure it using
some repetitive process
9. Different clocks
• Clocks tell us what time is but haven't been
able to tell us what time itself is?
• Rise of train travel played key role for one of
the most startling discovery about time
• Earlier each town has its own time
10.
11. Newton`s view about time
• I don't define time space motion as are well
known to all absolute space and time in its
nature without reference to anything external
remains always similar and unmovable
- Naturalis Principia by Newton
• Time exist in and of itself flow equally without
reference of anything external
- Principia
12. 12
What Is Absolute Space?
• Infinite, unchanging, 3-dimensional “box”
• Existing as a substance independently of
material objects and the spatial relations
among them.
13.
14.
15. Street and avenue are making some angle and rest
both are same and equally valid
There is nothing like absolute street and absolute
avenue but still absolute space
16. Einstein`s view
• Time is not universal its individual
• Velocity of light is constant with respect to
anything and everything
• Neither time nor space is absolute but
spacetime is absolute
• Motion in space effect motion through time
and vice versa
19. Space-time
• Spacetimes are the arenas in which all physical
events take place—an event is a point in
spacetime specified by its time and place
• A region of space consider over the
interval of time is region of
spacetime
23. Spacetime diagrams are like traditional position-time
diagrams BUT time goes vertically by convention.
So as time passes things are ‘copied up’:
space
time
Same point in
space at
different times
Standing Still
1)
2)
3)
space
time
Running
Different points
in space at
different times
1)
2)
3)
space
time
1)
2)
3) The path in
spacetime is
called a
“world-line”
space
time
1)
2)
3)
Notice that
for a moving
observer
the world-
line is
slanted.
24. • The combined speed of any object`s motion
through space and its motion through is
always precisely equal to speed of light
25.
26. Gunfight viewed by observer on train
Bang
! Bang
!
He sees both shots
fired simultaneously
30. Viewed by a stationary observer at
station
Bang
!Bang
!
He sees cowgirl shoot
1st & cowboy shoot later
31. Time depends of state of motion of the
observer!!
Events that occur simultaneously
according to one observer can occur
at different times for other
observers
36. Every moment on the earth that ever happen and will ever happen on the universe will all
exist in this space time
37. Space-time Loaf of bread
• Einstein viewed space time as loaf of bread
• Each observer cut its slice in its own way
• Two observer having some relative velocity
with cut space time bread at some angle small
to measure
38. Now-anything happening right now
Past
Something our experience
tell had happened
Future
Things that are yet to
happen
39.
40.
41.
42. People like us,
who believe in
physics, know that
the distinction
between past,
present, and
future is only a
stubbornly
persistent illusion.
-Albert Einstein
45. Time and Gravity
• Accelerated motion and gravity are same side
of a coin
• Suitably changing your motion you can avoid
feeling of sensation due to gravity
• Some guy falling freely will not feel gravity
• Suitable change in motion can create gravity
• Falling guy is really a frame to see accelerated
motion
46. Rubber Mattress Example
• Imagine 2 bowling balls on a mattress, on
earth
• As they roll around on the mattress, they
make dimples in its surface
• If they get close to each other, they roll into
each other’s dimples
– they are “attracted” to each other
50. 50
Space & time are bent, or curved, by matter.
This is gravity.
Planets, moons and baseballs go
“as straight as they can.”
www.unmuseum.org
51. • All clocks run slower in a strong gravitational
field than they do in a weaker field.
• Time ticks slower near the earth than that in
empty space
52. Time and Experience
Eggs break, ice cubes melt, stars emit radiation, we record
memories of the past. And it all happens in a consistent
“direction” (from the past to the future) throughout the universe:
The Arrow of Time.
One of the single most surprising things about the
universe is that things change!!
54. The CPT Theorem
CPT = “Charge-Parity-Time”
If the charge of all particles in universe were
changed to the opposite charge (so that all particles
change to their antiparticles); & at the same time, all
were reflected in a mirror; & at the same time,
time started to run backwards:
This new world would be indistinguishable
from the old world.
55. • For law of physics to tell anything we need
initial condition
• But for time initial condition is big bang,
deepest mystery yet to be uncovered
56. "Put your hand on a hot stove for a minute, and it
seems like an hour. Sit with a pretty girl for an hour,
and it seems like a minute. THAT'S relativity.”
-Albert Einstein