Reign of terror mini q
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Louis XVI faced serious problems as the absolute monarch of France in the 1780s, including debt, hunger from rising bread prices, and unfair taxes. The French Revolution began in 1789, after the American Revolution. In August 1789, "Liberty, Equality, Fraternity" became the rallying cry of the revolution. Both the French nobility and Catholic Church were upset by the revolution as they lost property and power, and feared the spread of revolutionary ideals. Maximilien Robespierre later became the leader of the radical wing of the revolutionary government.
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1) Louis XVI was the ruler of France during the revolution. French society was divided into three estates - clergy, nobility, and common people.
2) The revolution began on July 14, 1789 with the formation of the National Assembly by the Third Estate to represent common people.
3) Philosophers like Rousseau and Montesquieu influenced French thinking with ideas of popular sovereignty, social contract, and separation of powers.
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1. The Enlightenment era saw the spread of new ideas across Europe through salons, publications like the Encyclopedia, and a growing middle class with free time.
2. In France, the weak King Louis XVI faced economic troubles and resentment of the nobility's special privileges, fueling the French Revolution.
3. The Revolution began with the storming of the Bastille and the Tennis Court Oath to draft a new constitution. Ideas of liberty, equality and fraternity emerged against the backdrop of political divisions.
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The Revision notes were prepared to help my son who is in Grade 9 to help him understand about the french revolution. Wherever possible I have tried to provide the reference sources in order to provide credits to the original poster. Uploading this document for the benefit of other students so that they don't have to start from the scratch.
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The document provides short answer questions and answers about the French Revolution. It discusses:
1) Louis XVI was the ruler of France during the revolution. French society was divided into three estates - clergy, nobility, and common people.
2) The revolution began on July 14, 1789 with the formation of the National Assembly by the Third Estate to represent common people.
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The Enlightenment and the French Revolution
1. The Enlightenment era saw the spread of new ideas across Europe through salons, publications like the Encyclopedia, and a growing middle class with free time.
2. In France, the weak King Louis XVI faced economic troubles and resentment of the nobility's special privileges, fueling the French Revolution.
3. The Revolution began with the storming of the Bastille and the Tennis Court Oath to draft a new constitution. Ideas of liberty, equality and fraternity emerged against the backdrop of political divisions.
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The French Revolution began in 1789 as the poor third estate grew angry over their lack of representation and equality compared to the first and second estates. They took an oath at a tennis court to form a national assembly and constitution. Over the next decade, violence erupted as the monarchy was overthrown and Robespierre established the Reign of Terror. The revolution installed several short-lived governments until Napoleon Bonaparte seized power in 1799, bringing the revolution to an end. The revolution profoundly influenced ideas of democracy, equality, and the role of citizens in government across Europe.
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The document provides information on the causes of the French Revolution in 4 sections: political causes, social causes, economic causes, and spread of new ideas. Politically, France was an absolute monarchy ruled by King Louis XVI who had total power. Socially, French society was divided into estates with the first and second estates (nobility and clergy) exempt from taxes. Economically, France was bankrupt from wars and only the third estate paid high taxes. The spread of new ideas like liberty, equality, and democracy further fueled discontent among the common people who lacked political rights and power.
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The French Revolution began in 1789 as the Third Estate, angry over their lack of representation and rights, demanded equality and reforms. They took an oath at a tennis court to form a national assembly. Violence broke out as peasant mobs targeted the aristocracy. A new constitution was written between 1789-1791, but the monarchy and new government were unstable. The Revolution saw periods of violence and terror alongside attempts at new governments. It ended with Napoleon Bonaparte's coup in 1799, leaving democratic reforms and nationalism as part of its lasting legacies.
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The document discusses why children seek revenge and how adults should respond. Children may feel a need for revenge when they lose a power struggle or feel hurt, in order to get even. They may express this through hurtful words, actions, or stares. Adults should avoid feeling hurt themselves or seeking retaliation, and instead focus on building trust and showing the child unconditional love.
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B.F. Skinner was an American psychologist who developed the theory of operant conditioning, which holds that behavior is determined by its consequences. Through reinforcement or punishment, operant conditioning modifies the probability that a behavior will occur again in the future. Skinner believed that psychology should focus on observable behaviors rather than internal mental processes. He developed the Skinner box to efficiently study how animals learn behaviors through consequences like rewards or punishments delivered in a controlled environment.
046# Laird’s Sensory Theory.pptx
Laird was an American pioneer in training and human resources development born in 1921. He developed a sensory theory of learning that states learning occurs best when the five senses are stimulated, with seeing accounting for 75% of learning, hearing 13%, and the remaining senses of touch, taste, and smell making up 12%. Laird's theory, outlined in his book "The Approaches to Training and Development", recommends using examples, practical experiments, and lectures to stimulate different senses and maximize learning.
040# Cognitive Flexibility.pptx
Cognitive flexibility or intellectual flexibility refers to thinking in multiple directions from different points of view and perspectives rather than a rigid or narrow approach. Someone with cognitive flexibility is independent, creative, innovative, and able to change and adapt their thinking according to the current situation by merging and mixing diverse perspectives. They do not restrict themselves to thinking in just one direction or silo like a rigid structure used to store grain.
058#TPACK.pptx
TPACK is a framework that describes the set of knowledge teachers need to effectively integrate technology into their teaching. It includes:
1) Content knowledge - knowledge of the subject matter;
2) Pedagogical knowledge - knowledge of teaching methods; and
3) Technological knowledge - knowledge of digital tools and platforms.
The goal of TPACK is to understand how to use technology to enhance student learning by teaching concepts in interactive and engaging ways using tools like videos, discussions, and games within a learning management system. Common elements include combining content knowledge with technological knowledge or pedagogical knowledge. For example, using videos instead of just text in an online course demonstrates greater technological content knowledge.
44-Roger’s Humanist Theory.pptx
Carl Rogers was an American psychologist who founded the humanistic approach in psychology. He believed that people have an innate tendency to self-actualize and fulfill their potential. According to Rogers, self-actualization occurs when people are in a state of congruence, where their self-concept matches their experiences. Like Maslow, Rogers thought self-actualization involved becoming the best version of oneself. He also believed people will thrive if they are in an environment that allows them to reach their full potential, similar to how flowers will grow in optimal conditions.
43-Lee Canter’s Theory.pptx
Lee Canter was a renowned expert in classroom management and former teacher who developed Assertive Discipline. Assertive Discipline emphasizes the teacher taking full control of the classroom by establishing clear behavior rules and consequences that students understand. This allows teachers to address discipline issues without disrupting learning. Canter discovered the approach from a teacher who maintained a near-perfect attitude that she would not tolerate students stopping lessons and that all would succeed because she would not let them fail.
039# Pedagogy TLS Road Map 3.pptx
This document outlines the requirements for obtaining a teaching license, including professional practices related to planning, instruction, assessment, interaction, and professional development. Candidates must demonstrate competency in classroom instruction, teaching strategies, and using various assessment practices and tools to analyze student performance and identify gaps compared to international benchmarks.
042#Dreiker’s Classroom Management Theory.pptx
Rudolf Dreikurs developed Alfred Adler's theory of individual psychology into a method for understanding misbehavior in children. Dreikurs' classroom management theory views misbehavior as a child's way of communicating and seeking to fit in. The theory classifies four goals of misbehavior: attention-getting, power and control, revenge, and feelings of inadequacy. For attention-seeking behaviors specifically, the document recommends giving children positive attention to meet their need for feeling significant, rather than just reacting negatively to their misbehaviors.
041#Thorndike’s Major Laws.pptx
Thorndike proposed three major laws of learning: 1) The law of effect states that behaviors followed by pleasant consequences will be repeated while unpleasant consequences will be avoided, meaning teaching must be interesting to encourage learning. 2) The law of exercise, also known as the law of use and disuse, suggests that connections are strengthened with practice but weakened without practice. 3) The law of readiness proposes that learning cannot occur unless the student is prepared and ready, requiring an aroused action tendency through preparatory adjustment or attitude.
039# Professional Practices 4-4.pptx
A positive school culture helps both teachers and students grow through minimizing communication gaps between teachers, parents, and students; ensuring the school supports boosting new skills among their team; and providing professional development to fill or reduce gaps. The expected areas of growth for teachers include planning, teaching methodology, integrations, use of ICT, extra-curricular activities, external assessment, Bloom's taxonomy, class management, differentiated instructions, student engagement, and assessment.
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Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
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Chapter 5
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Chapter 6
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Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
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1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
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9
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Reign of terror mini q
- 2. 1. Who was the absolute monarch of France in 1789? Louis XVI
- 3. What were 3 serious problems that faced Louis XVI in the 1780s? Serious debt Hunger/price of bread Unfair taxes
- 4. 3. What year did the French Revolution start? Was this before or after the American revolution? 1789 After
- 5. 4. In August 1789 what three words became the rallying cry of the French Revolution? Liberty Equality Fraternity
- 6. 5. Why were the members of the French nobility and the French Catholic Church upset about the revolution? Lost property and power Feared spread of revolution
- 7. 6. Who became leader of the radical wing of the revolutionary government? Maximilien Robespierre
- 9. Absolute monarchy is a form of monarchy in which one ruler has supreme authority and where that authority is not restricted by any written laws, legislature, or customs. These are often, but not always, hereditary monarchies.
- 10. In France under the Old Regime, the Estates General or States- General was a legislative and consultative assembly of the different classes of French subjects. It had a separate assembly for each of the three estates, which were called and dismissed by the king
- 11. The state or feeling of friendship and mutual support within a group
- 12. advocating or based on thorough or complete political or social change; representing or supporting an extreme or progressive section of a political party
- 13. a machine with a heavy blade sliding vertically in grooves, used for beheading people.
- 14. a period of remorseless repression or bloodshed, in particular Reign of Terror, the period of the Terror during the French Revolution
- 15. a person who is averse to change and holds to traditional values and attitudes, typically in relation to politics